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    ECE 316 Laplace Transform Lecture 2

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    ECE 316 Laplace Transform Lecture 2

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    ECE 316 Laplace Transform Lecture 2

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    ECE 316 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS Ahmed H.

    Abd El-Malek
    ahmed.abdelmalek@ejust.edu.eg
    PART I: LECTURE (2) Office: B7-F2-05
    OUTLINE
    ➢ The Unit Step Function

    ➢ The Second Shifting Theorem

    ➢ Transform of Periodic Functions

    ➢ The Convolution Theorem

    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    TRANSFORMS OF PERIODIC FUNCTIONS
    Definition: Periodic Function
    A periodic function is a function that repeats its values at regular intervals.
    For example, the trigonometric functions, which repeat at intervals of 2𝜋 radians, are
    periodic functions.

    Periodic functions are used throughout science to describe oscillations, waves, and
    other phenomena that exhibit periodicity. Any function that is not periodic is called
    aperiodic.
    TRANSFORMS OF PERIODIC FUNCTIONS
    Theorem:
    If 𝑓(𝑡) is a piecewise continuous on any finite interval and periodic with period 𝜏 for
    𝑡 ≥ 0, then
    𝜏
    1 −𝑠𝑡
    ℒ 𝑓 𝑡 = −𝜏𝑠 න 𝑒 𝑓 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
    1−𝑒
    0
    Proof:
    EXAMPLES
    1. Find the Laplace transform of the periodic triangular wave (saw-tooth) defined by
    𝑓 𝑡 = 2𝑡 , 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 2, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓 𝑡 + 2 = 𝑓 𝑡
    2. Find the Laplace transform of the periodic rectangular wave
    1, 0<𝑡<1
    𝑓 𝑡 = ቊ , 𝑓 𝑡 + 2 = 𝑓(𝑡)
    −1, 1<𝑡<2
    3. Find the Laplace transform of
    sin 𝑡 , 0<𝑡<𝜋
    𝑓 𝑡 = ቊ , 𝑓 𝑡 + 2𝜋 = 𝑓(𝑡)
    0, 𝜋 < 𝑡 < 2𝜋
    THE CONVOLUTION THEOREM
    Definition

    𝑓(𝑡) 𝑔(𝑡) 𝑦(𝑡)

    𝑦 𝑡 = 𝑓 𝑡 ⋆ 𝑔 𝑡 = න 𝑓 𝑡 − 𝜏 𝑔 𝜏 𝑑𝜏 , 𝑡≥0
    0
    Properties: 1) Commutative: 𝑓 𝑡 ⋆ 𝑔 𝑡 = 𝑔 𝑡 ⋆ 𝑓 𝑡
    2) Associative: 𝑓 𝑡 ⋆ 𝑔 𝑡 ⋆ ℎ 𝑡 = 𝑓 𝑡 ⋆𝑔 𝑡 ⋆ℎ 𝑡
    3) Distributive: 𝑓 𝑡 ⋆ 𝑔 𝑡 + ℎ 𝑡 =𝑓 𝑡 ⋆𝑔 𝑡 +𝑓 𝑡 ⋆ℎ 𝑡
    LAPLACE TRANSFORM OF CONVOLUTION
    INTEGRAL
    Theorem
    If ℒ 𝑓 𝑡 = 𝐹 𝑠 , and ℒ 𝑔 𝑡 = 𝐺 𝑠 , then
    ℒ 𝑓 𝑡 ⋆𝑔 𝑡 =𝐹 𝑠 ×𝐺 𝑠
    Problems: Find the Laplace Transform of the following functions
    1 1 𝑠
    1. 𝑓 𝑡 = 𝑡 ⋆ (1 − cos 𝑡) Ans: 𝐹 𝑠 = × − 2
    𝑠2 𝑠 𝑠 +1
    1 𝑠
    2. 𝑓 𝑡 = 𝑒 −2𝑡 ⋆ cos 3𝑡 Ans: 𝐹 𝑠 =
    𝑠+2
    × 2
    𝑠 +9
    𝑡 sin 𝑡
    3. Show that sin 𝑡 ⋆ cos 𝑡 =
    2
    𝑡2
    4. Show that − 𝑡 ⋆ (1 − cos 𝑡) = 1 − cos 𝑡
    2
    STUDY MATERIALS
    Book: “Advanced Engineering Mathematics,” Dennis G. Zill & Warren S.
    Wright; 5th edition, Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2012
    Sections covered
    Sections 4.2 and 4.6

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