Raising Organic Chicken

RAISING ORGANIC CHICKEN
Chicken is a domestic fowl bred for flesh and eggs, believed to have been develop from red
jungle fowl. Its scientific name is “ Gallus domesticus”. There are over 150 breeds of chicken
that comes in various colors, pattern and size. The female chicken is called hen, the male is
rooster, the young chicken is chicks, and a group of chicken is called a flock. The young female
chicken is called pullet, while the young male chicken is called cockerel. Rooster can usually be
differentiate from hens by their striking plumage, marked by long flowing tails and bright
pointed feathers on their neck . the rooster is larger and more brightly colored than the hen.
Rooster also has a larger comb on top of his head. Rooster make a very loud crowing sound
usually every morning but they can crow anytime of the day. Their loud shrill is a territorial sign
to other rooster. They can also be quite, aggressive birds. Hen lays egg that range in color from
white to pale brown and other pale colors depending on the breed. Philippine native chicken
refutably best taste chicken compared to other breeds. They are free range, grown naturally and
feed on weeds/grasses, corn, palay, vegetable trimmings, insect and earth worms. It takes about 6
months to get a reasonable size to sell. These chicken are inbreeded and consequently grown
small. The chicken that we recommend for growing are native chicken cross breed with the
“ Basilan origin “ and some blood from Sasso. It can grow 1(one) kilogram in weight within 60
days or less.
Philippine National Standards (PNS) Salient Features on Raising Organic Chicken
1. BREEDS OF CHICKEN
Philippine native chicken is the common fowl found in the backyard of most rural households. It
is a mixture of different breeds and believed to have descended from the domesticated red jungle
fowl. It is estimated that 54% of the total chicken population of the country are Native chicken
( UPLB 2001 )distributed as follows : Western Visayas 13. 32%, Southern Mindanao10.63%,
Southern Tagalog 9.51%, Central Visayas 10.36%, Cagayan Valley 9.29%.
CHICKEN LIFE SPAN- The life span of chicken varies between 5 – 7 years although there have
been cases of chicken living 20 years or more.
 Chicken requires 24 – 26 hours to produce an egg. Thirty minutes later, she starts all over
again.
 Eggs age are more in one day at room temperature than in one week in the refrigerator, so
keep them in fridge.
 The egg shell may have as many as 17, tiny pores over its surface. Through them, the
eggs can absorb flavors and odors. Storing them in the cartons helps keep them fresh.
 Egg yolk are one of the few foods that naturally contain Vitamin D.
 Yolk colors depends on the diet of the hen . natural yellow – orange to substance such as
marigold petals maybe added to light colored feeds to enhance colors. Artificial color
additives are not permitted.
 Occasionally, hen will produce double yoked eggs throughout her egg laying career, it is
rare, but not usual, for a young hen to produce an egg with no yolk at all.
Poultry Housing Management

Birds should be properly housed to provide comfort and protection forefficient production. In pla
nning the structures and equipment needed forpoultry production, certain factors must be taken
into account. The chicken house must be constructed with local materials, preferably cheaper but
sturdyenough to protect them. Good ventilation is necessary for the growth of chicken. In natural
farming, odor is tolerable because of the bedding materials that includes micro-organism which
suppress the growth of non-beneficial micro-organism that is responsible of the bad odor.
2. BROODING
The traditional way of broodings allow the hen to naturally nurture her chicks. The hen provides
the needed heat to the chicks from her body. Also the chicks allow to tag along the hen to look
for food. When a hen hatched only a few eggs, put the newly hatched chicks together with other
newly hatched chicks of another hen. Encourage the hen to resume laying eggs by separating the
newly hatched chicks from the hen. The native chicks can now be artificially brood. The biggest
mortality comes from day 1 to day 20 of the chick’s life cycle. Utmost care should be afforded to
the chicks within this time heating mediums needed. Electric bulb maybe used to or a can of
lighted charcoal can be a substitute, depending on what is available and cheaper cost at the farm.
fine mesh is necessary for chicks to secure them from mosquitoes, and other Pest that may attack
them. Beddings of the chicken must be provided, preferably elevated from the ground. Observe
the behavior of the chicks as it is the good indicator of brooding temperature. Provide the chicks
with local feeds during brooding. After a period of 3-4weeks of artificial brooding, gradually
allow the chicks to forage and trained them to look for their own food in the range.
BROODING TEMPERATURE
AGE OF CHICKS TEMPERATURE (Celsius)
1-7 32.2-35.0
8-14 29.4-32.2
14-21 26.7-29.4
3. GROWING
The chicken should be provided with proper nutrition and water rationevery day. At 21 days old,
chicks are strong enough to stay on the ground
and ready for range. Chicken house should be kept clean including the
facilities, like feeding and water troughs. Weak and sick birds must be
confined in separate compartment to avoid contamination and food competition. Add FAA, FPJ,
FFJ,OHN in birds food. Spray LABS/IMO in birds beddings to maintain tolerable odor and
enrich the colony of beneficial micro-organism in the vicinity. The chicks are expected to be
harvested after 60 days with an average weight of 1 kilogram.
4. FEEDS AND FEEDING
 Proper nutrition is essential in keeping the birds healthy and productive.
 Let the birds loose in the range to allow them to access to natural feeds like worms,
grains, insects and other sources.
 Practice supplementation with high energy feed stuff like corn, palay and grated coconut
and farm mixed formulation. This will give the chicken the energy source that they rarely
found in the field.
 The supplement feedstuff can be made available in the house early in the morning, before
the birds are allowed to free range and in the afternoon to developed their homing
instinct.
 Provides clean and fresh water to the birds everyday.
 Bamboo poles split in half can be used as feeders and waterers.
 Keep in mind the proper design and size of feeders to minimized feeds wasted.
Reference:
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RAISING ORGANIC CHICKEN

Philippine National Standards (PNS) Salient Features on Raising Organic Chicken

Poultry Housing Management

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