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    CHE F212 Assignment

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    CHE F212 Assignment

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    CHE F212 Assignment

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    of 13

    ASSIGNMENT

    Course No. : CHE F212


    Course Title : Fluid Mechanics
    Instructor-in-Charge : Dr. Nandini Bhandaru

    1
    ASSIGNMENT Guidelines
     Form a group of not more than four members. You are free to make your groups.

     Choose one of the topics given in the next few slides or any other topic on
    Research and development in fluid mechanics. Have group discussions, use the
    internet and books to get more information on these topics.

     The deadline for forming groups and choosing a topic is 31-10-2023.

     Please update group details in the Google sheet by 31-10-2023.

     Start making a 10-slide PPT on the topic. Avoid general slides and make very
    specific slides about the latest research on your topic. All group members must
    equally contribute, and it’s the responsibility of the group coordinator to ensure
    this.

     Each person will present two slides.

     I will share the presentation schedule separately after 31-10-2023.

     To avoid the use of class hours, we will have presentations on Saturdays


    2
    (tentatively, exact timings will be shared separately).
    Topic 1: Super-hydrophobicity

    • Surface tension is the tendency of a fluid surface to acquire the


    least surface area possible. It results from the greater attraction
    of liquid molecules to each other (due to cohesion) than to the
    molecules in the other phase (due to adhesion).
    • When a drop of water is placed on glass it spreads and flattens
    out, but when a drop is placed on a plastic surface, it takes a
    round and bead like shape, as the plastic surface is
    hydrophobic.
    • In nature ‘super hydrophobicity’ is seen in plants like lotus leaf
    and in the legs of a water strider. The surface of lotus leaf
    repels water completely, not allowing water to spread on it at all
    making it super-hydrophobic.
    Self Cleaning Surfaces
    • What is the exact reason for Super-hydrophobicity? Is it the
    chemical or physical nature of such surfaces that results in
    variation in wettability?

    • Surface tension, wettability and the reason and mechanism of Super hydrophibicity. Can we
    fabricate artificial materials and surfaces that exhibit super hydrophobicity? What can be the
    application areas for such surfaces?
    3
    Topic 2: Anti-Finger Print Surfaces?

    Surface of different species of


    Naturally occurring Oleophobic Springtails
    Superhydrophobic surfaces: Lotus
    Leaf and Water strider legs

    • Most super hydrophobic surfaces rely on trapped air to repel liquids, and are prone fail under
    conditions involving high temperature, pressure, humidity, and when exposed to low-surface-tension
    liquids

    Can we make surfaces that repel oil? How?


    What will be the dynamics of a liquid drop on such a surface?

    Application of Fluid Mechanics fundamentals to oil spills/leaks in deep water.


    Concepts: Surface tension, hydrostatic forces on submerged plane/curved
    surfaces, and the Bernoulli/energy equation 4
    Topic 3: Matlab code for fluid flow visualization curves

    Steamlines, pathlines and streaklines are important tools for visualization of fluid flows and
    fluid solid interactions, which for example can help in designing the optimum vehicle shapes
    or different fluid machinery. You can use tools like MATLAB and write a program which can
    plot these curves for any type of flow field input from the user.
    MS Excel: 𝑉 = 𝑎𝑦𝑖Ƹ + 𝑏𝑡𝑗Ƹ MATLAB: U=5*exp(-y).*cos(t-10*y) V=1

    Any group taking this project needs to learn MATLAB basics.


    Link: https://in.mathworks.com/academia/tah-portal/birla-institute-
    of-technology-and-science-hyderabad-1085979.html

    Do some homework and contact me


    MATLAB (matrix laboratory) is a multi paradigm numerical computing environment 5
    and proprietary programming language developed by MathWorks.
    Topic 4: Microfluidics

    The manipulation of fluids in channels with dimensions of tens of micrometres — Microfluidics


    • Microfluidics has the potential to influence subject areas from chemical synthesis and
    biological analysis to optics and information technology.
    • The ability to use very small quantities of samples, and to carry out separations and
    detections with high resolution and sensitivity; low cost; short times for analysis; and
    small analytical devices.

    A Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) is a device that integrates one or


    several laboratory functions on a single integrated
    circuit (commonly called a "chip") of only millimeters to a few
    square centimeters to achieve automation and high-throughput
    screening.
    Two major issues:
     Pressure drop in a microchannel : Highlight a method which
    addresses this issue.
     Micro scale mixing: Can we enhance microscale mixing?
    (Reynolds number and Turbulence in microchannel)

    6
    Ref: The origins and the future of microfluidics by George M. Whitesides
    Topic 5: Nano and Microscale Coating Techniques
    Dip coating and spin coating
     We have discussed in class the concept and mathematics of flow of a thin film over an

    inclined plane. We have also discussed briefly how to write equations for a rotating
    platform (water sprinkler problem)
     Dip coating is a widely used coating technique for uniform
    thin film coatings on large surface areas. When a flat plate is
    withdrawn from a liquid pool, a liquid film is deposited on
    the plate. Gravity competes with the surface tension and
    viscous drag, and the balance between those determine the
    meniscus shape and hence the film thickness. Dip coater

     Spin coating is a procedure used to deposit uniform


    thin films to flat substrates. A small amount of
    coating material is applied on the center of the
    substrate. The substrate is then rotated at high
    speed in order to spread the coating material by
    centrifugal force. Spin coater

    Can you write the basic form of governing equations for these coating processes and find
    out the film thickness as a function coating parameters and coating liquid parameters?7
    Topic 6: Applications of Shear Thickening Materials

     Example: Liquid armor refers to "ballistic fabric infused with a shear-


    thickening fluid," a substance that stiffens temporarily less than a
    millisecond after impact.
     Shear-thickening fluid is a mixture of hard nano-particles (often silica
    or sand) suspended in a nonevaporating liquid such as polyethylene
    glycol. Although the fluid adds only about 20 percent to the weight of
    the fabric, it greatly augments its resistance to puncture by high-speed
    projectiles. It also reduces the effect of blunt trauma by helping to
    transmit the impact energy to a larger portion of the ballistic fabric.

     Shear thickening materials are recently being used in sports wear.

     What can be other applications in which such material can be used?

     If a shear thickening material is moving down an inclined plane, can


    you model its flow behavior using power law? Find out its velocity
    profile and volumetric flow rate.
    8
    9
    10
    Topic 7: A Stirling engine with a liquid working substance

    Nano Fluids: A nanofluid is a fluid containing nanometer-sized


    particles, called nanoparticles. These fluids are engineered colloidal
    suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. The nanoparticles used
    in nanofluids are typically made of metals, oxides, carbides, or
    carbon nanotubes.

    Are nano fluids or mixture of two liquids or mixture of a gas and a


    liquid being used as working fluid in a Stirling engine? What should be
    the criteria for choice of working fluid in terns of viscosity, density and
    heat capacity?

    • Variety of models possible


    • External combustion engine: Any type of fuel can be used
    • Higher efficiency?
    • Compatible with renewable energy resources

    11
    Topic 8: Medical Science  Cardiovascular system:
    • Flow of blood through blood
    • How heart serves as the pump
    • The vessel walls of the heart are
    elastic and movable
     Respiratory System
     Pulmonary System

    Design of artificial heart


    Penn State Electric Total Artificial
    Heart.
    Book: Cengel and Cimbala

    Programmable structures:
    Skylar Tibbits, MIT
    12
    Microfluidics, Modelling of Blood Flow
     You are also free to choose any other Fluid Mechanics-related topic that interests you.
    Some other topics:

     Application of pitot tube in detail: How is the speed of a cursing aircraft measured?
     The hydrodynamics of shark skin.
     Viscous dissipation in oil pipelines
     Application of Navier-Stokes equation in astrophysics
     Apply fluid mechanics principles to the capture of tidal and wave energy (potential
    energy) and the use of new technology turbomachinery to generate electrical energy.
     Computational Fluid Mechanics
     Drug delivery
     Fuel Cell Modelling

    13

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