ISO-6182-1-2021 prev
ISO-6182-1-2021 prev
ISO-6182-1-2021 prev
STANDARD 6182-1
Fourth edition
2021-05
ISO 6182-1:2021
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f700f250fe1a/iso-6182-1-2021
Reference number
ISO 6182-1:2021(E)
© ISO 2021
ISO 6182-1:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... vii
Introduction............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. viii
1 Scope.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references....................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3.1 General............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1
3.2 Types of sprinklers according to type of responsive element......................................................................... 4
3.3 Types of sprinklers according to type of water distribution............................................................................ 4
3.4 Types of sprinklers according to position........................................................................................................................ 5
3.5 Special types of sprinklers............................................................................................................................................................. 6
3.6 Types of sprinklers according to sprinkler sensitivity.......................................................................................... 7
4 Product consistency........................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.1 Quality control programme.......................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.2 Leak resistance testing...................................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.3 Glass bulb integrity test.................................................................................................................................................................... 8
5 Product assembly................................................................................................................................................................................................. 8
5.1 General............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8
5.2 Dynamic O-ring seals.......................................................................................................................................................................... 8
5.3 Rated pressure......................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
5.4 iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Dry sprinklers........................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
5.5 Escutcheons................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9
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6 Requirements........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
6.1 General............................................................................................................................................................................................................
ISO 6182-1:2021 9
6.1.1 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/4730a0fb-c87c-493a-9571-
Electrically activated sprinkler and monitoring of activation................................................... 9
6.1.2 Orifice size..............................................................................................................................................................................
f700f250fe1a/iso-6182-1-2021 9
6.1.3 Nominal thread sizes..................................................................................................................................................... 9
6.2 Maximum coverage areas and spacing............................................................................................................................. 10
6.3 Temperature ratings and colour coding.......................................................................................................................... 10
6.4 Service load and strength of sprinkler body (see 7.4)........................................................................................ 11
6.5 Strength of heat-responsive element (see 7.5)......................................................................................................... 11
6.5.1 Glass bulb elements..................................................................................................................................................... 11
6.5.2 Fusible elements............................................................................................................................................................ 12
6.6 Leak resistance and hydrostatic strength (see 7.6).............................................................................................. 12
6.7 Thirty-day leakage resistance (see 7.7)........................................................................................................................... 12
6.8 Vacuum resistance (see 7.8)...................................................................................................................................................... 13
6.9 Water hammer (see 7.9)............................................................................................................................................................... 13
6.10 Vibration (see 7.10).......................................................................................................................................................................... 13
6.11 Deflector strength (see 7.11).................................................................................................................................................... 13
6.12 Water shield rotation (see 7.12)............................................................................................................................................ 13
6.13 Impact (see 7.13)................................................................................................................................................................................ 13
6.14 Protective covers (see 7.14)...................................................................................................................................................... 13
6.15 Rough usage (see 7.15).................................................................................................................................................................. 14
6.16 Dry sprinkler air tightness (see 7.16)............................................................................................................................... 14
6.17 Operating temperature (see 7.17)....................................................................................................................................... 14
6.18 Sensitivity — response time index (RTI) (see 7.18)............................................................................................. 14
6.18.1 Pre-exposure RTI........................................................................................................................................................... 14
6.18.2 Post-exposure RTI......................................................................................................................................................... 15
6.19 Sensitivity test of flush, concealed and recessed sprinklers (see 7.19)............................................... 15
6.19.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
6.19.2 Room response test (see 7.19.2)...................................................................................................................... 15
6.19.3 Plunge test (see 7.19.3)............................................................................................................................................ 15
6.20 Lodgement (see 7.20)..................................................................................................................................................................... 16
7.31.6 Actual delivered density (nominal K-202 and K-242 pendent ESFR fire
performance) (see 6.31.6).................................................................................................................................. 103
7.31.7 Standard coverage storage, extended coverage storage and ESFR (other
than K202 & K242 pendent) sprinkler fire test performance (see 6.31.7).............. 104
7.32 Electrical characteristics........................................................................................................................................................... 106
7.32.1 Starting current and response time (see 6.32.1)............................................................................ 106
7.32.2 Monitoring current (see 6.32.2).................................................................................................................... 106
7.32.3 Wires (6.32.3)................................................................................................................................................................ 106
8 Marking.................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 106
8.1 Sprinklers............................................................................................................................................................................................... 106
8.2 Sprinkler housings and concealed-sprinkler cover plates........................................................................... 108
8.3 Protective covers.............................................................................................................................................................................. 108
9 Manufacturer’s installation instructions.............................................................................................................................. 108
Annex A (normative) Tolerance limit calculation methods.................................................................................................... 111
Annex B (informative) Analysis of the strength test for fusible element.................................................................. 113
Annex C (normative) Tolerances........................................................................................................................................................................ 114
Annex D (informative) Standard test commodities and fire test configurations ............................................ 115
Annex E (informative) Fire test arrangements for extended coverage ordinary hazard ........................ 119
Annex F (informative) Statistical tolerance limits............................................................................................................................ 122
Bibliography.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 125
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
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ISO 6182-1:2021
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
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World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/
iso/foreword.html. (standards.iteh.ai)
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire
fighting, Subcommittee SC 5, Fixed firefighting ISO 6182-1:2021
systems using water.
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This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 6182-1:2014) which has been technically
f700f250fe1a/iso-6182-1-2021
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Consolidation of the requirements for early suppression fast response (ESFR) sprinklers
(ISO 6182-7:2020), domestic sprinklers (ISO 6182-10:2014) and extended coverage sprinklers
(ISO 6182-13:2017) into a single document.
— Increased harmonization of test methods and requirements for the different types of sprinklers.
— Expanded scope to include extended coverage sprinklers for ordinary hazard occupancies and large
K-factor storage type sprinklers.
— New water distribution and fire test methods as well as requirements for the additional sprinkler
technologies.
— New requirements for electrically operated style sprinklers.
A list of all parts in the ISO 6182 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
Introduction
This document includes requirements for conventional, spray, flat spray, sidewall, extended coverage,
domestic and storage sprinklers, including early suppression fast response (ESFR) sprinklers,
electrically activated sprinklers (EAS) and sprinklers with monitoring of activation (SMA).
Conventional sprinklers are the oldest of the fire sprinkler technologies. These sprinklers discharge
water in a spherical discharge pattern such that 40 % to 60 % of the total water flow is initially
discharged in the downward direction. In general, the use of this sprinkler technology is limited to
applications where this discharge characteristic has been determined to be more effective than the
spray sprinkler.
Spray sprinklers were developed in the 1950s and are used to provide fire protection for a wide range
of fire risks, including those found in light hazard, ordinary hazard and extra hazard occupancies, as
well as storage facilities.
Flat spray sprinklers have a wider spray angle than spray sprinklers and are generally limited to use in
spaces with low clearances and storage racks in specific geographic regions.
Domestic sprinklers are intended to provide control of fires in domestic occupancies, to prevent
flashover (total involvement) in the room of fire origin and to improve the probability for successful
escape or evacuation of the occupants.
Extended coverage light hazard sprinklers are intended to provide control of fires in occupancies or
portions of occupancies where quantity and/or combustibility of contents is low, such as office spaces.
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Extended coverage ordinary hazard sprinklers are intended to provide control of fires in occupancies
(standards.iteh.ai)
or portions of occupancies where quantity and/or combustibility of contents is moderate to high, such
as mercantile areas.
ISO 6182-1:2021
Storage sprinklers, including ESFR sprinklers, are primarily intended to be used to provide fire
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protection for storage facilities. f700f250fe1a/iso-6182-1-2021
Electrically activated sprinklers make it possible to activate more than one sprinkler simultaneously.
Sprinklers with monitoring of activation make it possible to detect the location of an actuated sprinkler.
1 Scope
This document specifies performance and marking requirements and test methods for conventional,
spray, flat spray, sidewall, extended coverage, domestic and storage sprinklers, including early
suppression fast response (ESFR), electrically activated sprinklers (EAS) and sprinklers with
monitoring of activation (SMA) for use in water-based fire protection systems. This document is not
applicable to sprinklers with multiple orifices.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
ISO 7-1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads — Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances
and designation (standards.iteh.ai)
ISO 5660-1, Reaction-to-fire tests — Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate — Part 1: Heat
release rate (cone calorimeter method) andISO smoke production rate (dynamic measurement)
6182-1:2021
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://w ww.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://w ww.electropedia.org/
3.1 General
3.1.1
actual delivered density
ADD
rate at which water is deposited from an operating sprinkler (3.1.13) onto the top horizontal surface of a
simulated burning combustible array
3.1.2
assembly load
force exerted on the sprinkler body excluding hydrostatic pressure
3.1.3
average design strength
glass bulb supplier’s specified and assured lowest average axial design strength of any batch of 50 bulbs
3.1.4
coverage length
maximum length of the sprinkler coverage area
3.1.5
coverage width
maximum width of the sprinkler coverage area
3.1.6
design load
force exerted on the release element at the service load (3.1.12) of the sprinkler (3.1.13)
3.1.7
housing assembly
escutcheon
ornamental or protective component(s) around the hole from which the sprinkler (3.1.13) penetrates
the plane of the ceiling or the wall
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3.
Note 2 to entry: For the purposes of this document, housing applies to recessed and concealed sprinklers (3.5.2).
3.1.8
orientation A
orientation with the airflow perpendicular to both the waterway axis and the plane of the frame arms
and with the heat responsive element upstream of the frame arms
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
(standards.iteh.ai)
ISO 6182-1:2021
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f700f250fe1a/iso-6182-1-2021
Key
1 tunnel test section (elevation view)
a Airflow.
Figure 1 — Orientation A
3.1.9
orientation B
orientation with the airflow perpendicular to both the waterway axis and the plane of the frame arms
and with the heat responsive element downstream of the frame arms
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
Key
1 tunnel test section (elevation view)
a Airflow.
Figure 2 — Orientation B
3.1.10
protective covers
protective caps or straps intended to provide temporary protection for sprinklers (3.1.13) during
shipping, handling and installation
3.1.11
response time index
RTI
measure of sprinkler sensitivity determined by Formula (1)
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
RTI = t u (1)
(standards.iteh.ai)
where
ISO 6182-1:2021
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t is equal to the time constant, in seconds, of the heat-responsive element;
f700f250fe1a/iso-6182-1-2021
u is the gas velocity, in meters per second.
Note 1 to entry: The response time index is expressed in units of (m∙s)0,5.
3.1.12
service load
combined force exerted on the sprinkler body by the assembly load (3.1.2) of the sprinkler (3.1.13) and
the equivalent force of the rated pressure on the inlet
3.1.13
sprinkler
thermosensitive device designed to react at a predetermined temperature by automatically releasing a
stream of water and distributing it in a specified pattern and quantity over a designated area
Note 1 to entry: These devices may sometimes be referred to as a sprinkler head.
3.1.14
standard orientation
orientation that produces the shortest response time with the axis of the sprinkler inlet perpendicular
to the airflow
Note 1 to entry: In the case of symmetrical heat-responsive elements, standard orientation is with the airflow
perpendicular to both the axis of the waterway and the plane of the frame arms; in the case of non-symmetrical
heat-responsive elements, it is with the airflow perpendicular to both the waterway axis and the plane of the
frame arms which produces the shortest response time.
3.3.3
spray sprinkler
S
sprinkler (3.1.13) giving paraboloid water distribution directed downward for a definite protection
area such that 80 % to 100 % of the total water flow is initially directed downward
3.3.4
domestic sprinkler
D
sprinkler (3.1.13) intended to provide control of fire in domestic occupancies
3.3.5
extended coverage sprinkler
EC
sprinkler (3.1.13) with a specified area of coverage which is larger than the standard sprinkler coverage
areas
3.3.5.1
extended coverage light hazard sprinkler
ECLH
sprinkler (3.1.13) having a specified area of coverage which is larger than the standard sprinkler
coverage areas and intended for use in occupancies or portions of occupancies where the quantity and/
or combustibility of contents is low, such as office spaces
3.3.5.2
extended coverage ordinary hazard sprinkler
ECOH
sprinkler (3.1.13) having a specified area of coverage which is larger than the standard sprinkler
coverage areas and intended for use in occupancies or portions of occupancies where the quantity and/
or combustibility of contents is moderate to high
3.3.5.3
extended coverage storage sprinkler
ECSS
sprinkler (3.1.13) having a specified area of coverage which is larger than the standard sprinkler
coverage areas and intended to protect stockpiles of commodities in building structures, such as
storage facilities
3.3.6
standard coverage storage sprinkler
SCSS
sprinkler (3.1.13) having a standard area of coverage (typically 9 m2 maximum) and intended to protect
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
stockpiles of commodities in building structures, such as storage facilities
3.3.7 (standards.iteh.ai)
early suppression fast response automatic sprinkler
ESFR ISO 6182-1:2021
sprinkler (3.1.13) that is intended to provide early suppression of a fire when protecting stockpiles of
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commodities in building structures f700f250fe1a/iso-6182-1-2021
such as storage facilities
3.5.2
concealed sprinkler
recessed sprinkler (3.5.6) having a cover plate
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3 a).
b) Recessed sprinkler
c) Flush sprinkler
Key
1 ceiling
2 housing assembly
3 cover plate
4 escutcheon
3.5.3
dry sprinkler
assembly comprising of a sprinkler (3.1.13) mounted at the outlet of a special extension with a seal at the
inlet that prevents water from entering the extension until it is released by operation of the sprinkler
Note 1 to entry: These sprinklers may consist of pendent, upright, sidewall and other types.
3.5.4
flush sprinkler
for pendent sprinklers (3.4.2), all or part of the body is mounted above the lower plane of the ceiling, but
all of the heat-responsive collector is below the lower plane of the ceiling; for sidewall sprinklers, the
sprinkler is within the wall, but the heat-responsive collector projects into the room beyond the plane
of the wall
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3 c).
3.5.6
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
recessed sprinkler (standards.iteh.ai)
sprinkler (3.1.13) of which all or part of the body, other than the thread, is mounted within a recessed
housing ISO 6182-1:2021
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Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3 b).
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3.5.7
sprinkler with water shield
sprinkler (3.1.13), intended for use in racks or beneath open grating, which is provided with a water
shield mounted above the heat-responsive element to protect it from water discharged by sprinklers at
higher elevations
Note 1 to entry: Sprinklers with water shields may be a single unit that is assembled by the manufacturer or a
combination of sprinkler and water shield (which in some countries are evaluated separately from the sprinkler
approval) assembled on site.