UPDATED SYLLABUS

60 MINUTES
EQUILIBRIUM
SPECIALISED PYQ 40 QUESTIONS

Q1. For a weak acid HA, the percentage of dissociation is nearly 1% at equilibrium. If
the concentration of acid is 0.1 mol L-1, then the correct option for its Ka at the same
temperature is: (2023)
(a) 1 × 10-4
(b) 1 × 10-6
(c) 1 × 10-5
(d) 1 × 10-3

Q2.An acidic buffer is prepared by mixing: (2023)

(a) weak acid and it's salt with strong base

(b) equal volumes of equimolar solutions of weak acid and weak base
(c) strong acid and it's salt with strong base
(d) strong acid and it's salt with base (The pKa of acid = pKb of the base)

Q3.0.01 M acetic acid solution is 1% ionised, then pH of this acetic acid solution is:
(2022)

(a) 1
(b) 3
(c) 2
(d) 4

Q4.KH value for some gases at the same temperature 'T' are given: (2022)
Gas KH/k bar
Ar 40.3
CO2 1.67
HCHO 1.83 × 10-5
CH4 0.413
Where KH is Henry's Law constant in water. The order of their solubility in water is:
(a) HCHO < CH4 < CO2 < Ar
(b) Ar < CO2 < CH4 < HCHO
(c) Ar < CH4 < CO2 < HCHO
(d) HCHO < CO2 < CH4 < Ar

Q5. Kp for the following reaction is 3.0 at 1000 K.

CO2(g) + C(s) ⇌ 2CO(g)
What will be the value of Kc for the reaction at the same temperature? (2022)
(Given: R = 0.083 L bar K-1 mol-1)
(a) 3.6
(b) 0.36
(c) 3.6 × 10-2
(d) 3.6 × 10-3

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Q6.The pH of the solution containing 50 mL each of 0.10 M sodium acetate and 0.01
M acetic acid is (2022)

[Given: pKa of CH3COOH = 4.57]

(a) 5.57
(b) 3.57
(c) 4.57
(d) 2.57

Q7.3O2(g) ⇌ 2O3(g)

For the above reaction at 298 K, Kc is found to be 3.0 × 10-59. If the concentration of O2
at equilibrium is 0.040 M then concentration of O3 in M is (2022)
(a) 4.38 × 10-32
(b) 1.9 × 10-63
(c) 2.4 × 1031
(d) 1.2 × 1021

Q8.The pKb of dimethylamine and pKa of acetic acid are 3.27 and 4.77 respectively at
T(K). The correct option for the pH of dimethylammonium acetate solution is: (2021)

(a) 5.50
(b) 7.75
(c) 6.25
(d) 8.50

Q9.Find out the solubility of Ni(OH)2 in 0.1 M NaOH. Given that the ionic product of
Ni(OH)2 is 2 × 10–15. (2020)

(a) 2 × 10–8 M
(b) 1 × 10–13 M
(c) 1 × 108 M
(d) 2 × 10–13 M

Q10.HCl was passed through a solution of CaCl2, MgCl2 and NaCl. Which of the
following compound(s) crystallies(s)? (2020)

(a) Only NaCl

(b) Only MgCl2
(c) NaCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2
(d) Both MgCl2 and CaCl2

Q11.Which among the following salt solutions is basic in nature?

(2020 covid Re-NEET)
(a) Ammonium sulphate
(b) Ammonium nitrate
(c) Sodium acetate
(d) Ammonium chloride

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Q12.The solubility product for a salt of the type AB is 4 × 10–8. What is the molarity of
its standard solution? (2020 Covid Re-NEET)

(a) 16 × 10–16 mol/L

(b) 2 × 10–16 mol/L
(c) 4 × 10–4 mol/L
(d) 2 × 10–4 mol/L

Q13.Hydrolysis of sucrose is given by the following reaction.

Sucrose+H2O⇌Glucose+Fructose
If the equilibrium constant (Kc) is 2 × 1013 at 300 K, the value of ΔrG° at the same
temperature will be :
(a) 8.314 𝐽 𝑚𝑜𝑙−1𝐾−1×300 𝐾×ln (2×1013)
(b) 8.314 𝐽 𝑚𝑜𝑙−1𝐾−1×300 𝐾×ln (3×1013)
(c) −8.314 𝐽 𝑚𝑜𝑙−1 𝐾−1×300 𝐾×ln (4×1013)
(d) –8.314 𝐽 𝑚𝑜𝑙−1 𝐾−1×300 𝐾×𝑙𝑏(2×1013)

Q14.pH of a saturated solution of Ca(OH2) is 9. The solubility product (Ksp) of Ca(OH)2

is: (2019)

(a) 0.5 × 10–15

(b) 0.25 × 10–10
(c) 0.125 × 10–15
(d) 0.5 × 10–10

Q15.Conjugate base for Bronsted acids H2O and HF are : (2019)

(a) OH– and H2F+, respectively

(b) H3O+ and F–, respectively
(c) OH– and F–, respectively
(d) H3O+ and H2F+, respectively

Q16.Which will make basic buffer? (2019)

(a) 50 mL of 0.1 M NaOH + 25 mL of 0.1 M CH3COOH

(b) 100 mL of 0.1 M CH3COOH + 100 mL of 0.1 M NaOH
(c) 100 mL of 0.1 M HCl + 200 mL of 0.1 M NH4OH
(d) 100 mL of 0.1 M HCl + 100 mL of 0.1 M NaOH

Q17.Which one of the following conditions will favour maximum formation of the
product in the reaction,

𝐴2(𝑔)+𝐵2(𝑔)⇌𝑋2(𝑔) Δ𝑟𝐻=−𝑋 𝑘𝐽 (2018)

(a)Low temperature and high pressure
(b) Low temperature and low pressure
(c) High temperature and low pressure
(d) High temperature and high pressure

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Q18.The solubility of BaSO4 in water is 2.42 × 10–3 gL–1 at 298 K. The value of its
solubility product (Ksp) will be: (2018)

(Given molar mass of BaSO4 = 233 g mol–1)

(a) 1.08 ×10–10 mol2 L–2
(b) 1.08 ×10–12 mol2 L–2
(c) 1.08 × 10–8 mol2 L–2
(d) 1.08 × 10–14 mol2 L–2

Q19.Following solutions were prepared by mixing different volumes of NaOH and HCl
of different concentrations : (2018)

(A) 60𝑚𝐿𝑀10𝐻𝐶𝑙+40𝑚𝐿𝑀10𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
(B) 55𝑚𝐿𝑀10𝐻𝐶𝑙+45𝑚𝐿𝑀10𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
(c) 75𝑚𝐿𝑀5𝐻𝐶𝑙+25𝑚𝐿𝑀5𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
(d) 100𝑚𝐿𝑀10𝐻𝐶𝑙+100𝑚𝐿𝑀10𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
pH of which one of them will be equal to 1?
(a) B
(b) A
(c) C
(d) D

Q20.The equilibrium constants of the following are : (2017-Delhi)

𝑁2+3𝐻2⇌2𝑁𝐻3 𝐾1
𝑁2+𝑂2⇌2𝑁𝑂 𝐾2
𝐻2+12𝑂2→𝐻2𝑂 𝐾3
The equilibrium constant (K) of the reaction:
2𝑁𝐻3+52𝑂2𝐾⇌2𝑁𝑂+3𝐻2𝑂 , will be:
(a) 𝐾23𝐾3/𝐾1
(b) 𝐾1𝐾33/𝐾2
(c) 𝐾2𝐾33/𝐾1
(d) 𝐾2𝐾3/𝐾1

Q21.Concentration of Ag+ ions in a saturated solution of Ag2C2O4 is 2.2 × 10–4 mol L–1.
Solubility product of Ag2CO4 is: (2017-Delhi)

(a) 5.3 × 10–12

(b) 2.42 × 10–8
(c) 2.66 × 10–12
(d) 4.5 × 10–11

Q22.Which one of the following statements is not correct? (2017-Delhi)

(a) Coenzymes increase the catalytic activity of enzyme

(b) Catalyst does not initiate any reaction (c) The value of equilibrium constant is
changed in the presence of a catalyst in the reaction at equilibrium
(d) Enzymes catalyse mainly bio-chemical reactions

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Q23.The standard equilibrium constant KP at 298 K for the reaction,
𝑁2(𝑔)+3𝐻2(𝑔)⇌2𝑁𝐻3(𝑔) is 5.8 × 105. The value of standard equilibrium constant, if the
concentration of gases is expressed in terms of mol L–1, will be: (2017-Gujarat)

[Given : R = 0.08314 L bar K–1 mol–1]

(a) 3.99 × 109
(b) 3.51 × 106
(c) 3.84 × 107
(d) 3.56 × 108

Q24.Consider the following reaction for which the change in enthalpy is positive

2𝐴(𝑔)+𝐵(𝑔)⇌𝐶(𝑔)+𝐷(𝑔)
Which of the following will not affect the equilibrium? (2017-Gujarat)
(a) Presence of catalyst
(b) Change in concentration of reactants
(c) Change in pressure
(d) Change in temperature

Q25.For the reaction 𝐶𝑂(𝑔)+𝐶𝑙(𝑔)⇌𝐶𝑂𝐶𝑙2(𝑔)𝐾𝑝𝐾𝑐 is equal to: (2017-Gujarat)

(a) (𝑅𝑇)2
(b) 1𝑅𝑇
(c) 𝑅𝑇
(d) √𝑅𝑇

Q26.Which of the following fluoro-compounds is most likely to behave as a Lewis

base? (2016-II)

(a) CF4
(b) SiF4
(c) BF3
(d) PF3

Q27.The solubility of AgCl(s) with solubility product 1.6 × 10–10 in 0.1 M NaCl solution
would be: (2016-II)

(a) 1.6 × 10–11 M

(b) Zero
(c) 1.26 × 10–5 M
(d) 1.6 × 10–9 M

Q28.The percentage of pyridine (C5H5N) that forms pyrimidine ion (C5H5N+H) in a 0.10
M aqueous pyridine solution (Kb for C5H5N = 1.7 × 10–9) is : (2016-II)
(b) 1.6%
(c) 0.0060%
(d) 0.013%

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Q29.Consider the nitration of benzene using mixed conc. H2SO4 and HNO3. If a larger
amount of KHSO4 is added to the mixture, the rate of nitration will be: (2016-I)

(a) Doubled
(b) Increase
(c) Decrease
(d) Unchanged

Q30.MY and NY3, two nearly insoluble salts, have the same Ksp values of 6.2 × 10–13 at
room temperature, which statements would be true in regard to MY and NY3? (2016-I)

(a) The addition of the salt of KY to solution of MY and NY3 will have no effect on their
solubilities
(b) The molar solubilities of MY and NY3 in water are identical
(c) The molar solubility of MY in water is less than of NY3
(d) The salts MY and NY3 are more soluble in 0.5 M KY than in pure water

Q31.If the equilibrium constant for 𝑁2(𝑔)+𝑂2(𝑔)⇌2𝑁𝑂(𝑔) is K, the equilibrium

constant for 12𝑁2(𝑔)+12𝑂2(𝑔)⇌𝑁𝑂(𝑔) will be: (2015 Re)

(a) 𝐾2
(b) 𝐾1/2
(c) 12𝐾
(d) 𝐾

Q32.Which one of the following pairs of solution is not an acidic buffer? (2015 Re)

(a) H3PO4 and Na3PO4

(b) HClO4 and NaClO4
(c) CH3COOH and CH3COONa
(d) H2CO3 and Na2CO3
Q33.If the value of an equilibrium constant for a particular reaction is 1.6 × 1012,
then at equilibrium the system will contain: (2015)

(a) Mostly reactants

(b) Mostly products
(c) Similar amounts of reactants and products
(d) All reactants

Q34.The Ksp of Ag2CrO4, AgBr and AgI are respectively, 1.1 × 10–12, 1.8 × 10–10, 5.0 ×
10–13, 8.3 × 10–17. Which one of the following salts will precipitate last if AgNO 3 solution
1moles of NaCl, NaBr, NaI and Na2CrO4 ? (2015)
(a) AgCl
(b) AgBr
(c) Ag2CrO4
(d) AgI

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Q35.What is the pH of the resulting solution when equal volumes of 0.1 M NaOH and
0.01 M HCl are mixed? (2015 Re)

(a) 2.0
(b) 7.0
(c) 1.04
(d) 12.65

Q36.Aqueous solution of which of the following compounds is the best conductor of

electric current? (2015 Re)

(a) Hydrochloric acid, HCl

(b) Ammonia, NH3
(c) Fructose, C6H12O6
(d) Acetic acid, C2H4O2

Q37.Which of the following statements is correct for a reversible process in a state of

equilibrium? (2015)

(a) G° = –2.303 RT log K

(b) G° = 2.303 RT log K
(c) G = –2.303 RT log K
(d) G = 2.303 RT log K

Q38.Which of the following salts will give highest pH in water? (2014)

(a) NaCl
(b) Na2CO3
(c) CuSO4
(d) 4KCl

Q40.Using the Gibb’s energy change, G° = +63.3 kJ, for the following reaction,

𝐴𝑔2𝐶𝑂3(𝑠)⇌2𝐴𝑔+(𝑎𝑞)+𝐶𝑂3−(𝑎𝑞)
The Ksp of Ag2CO3(s) in water at 25°C is (R = 5.314 JK–1 mol–1) (2014)
(a) 3.2 × 10–26
(b) 8.0 × 10–12
(c) 2.9 × 10–3
(d) 7.9 × 10–2

Q41.For the reversible reaction,

𝑁2(𝑔)+3𝐻2(𝑔)⇌2𝑁𝐻3(𝑔)+𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡.
The equilibrium shifts in forward direction: (2014)
(a) By decreasing the pressure
(b) By decreasing the concentration of N2(g) and H2(g)
(c) By Increasing pressure and decreasing temperature
(d) By increasing the concentration of NH3(g)
1. Which of these is least likely to act as a Lewis base? (2013)

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(a) CO
(b) F–
(c) BF3
(d) PF3

Q42. KMnO4 can be prepared from K2MnO4 as per the reaction:

3𝑀𝑛𝑂42−+2𝐻2𝑂⇌2𝑀𝑛𝑂4−+𝑀𝑛𝑂2+4𝑂𝐻−
The reaction can go to completion by removing OH– ions by adding: (2013)
(a) HCl
(b) KOH
(c) CO2
(d) SO2

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 ANSWER KEY

1. Ans. (c)
2. Ans. (a) 30. Ans. (c)
3. Ans. (d) 31. Ans. (b)
4. Ans. (b) 32. Ans. (b)
5. Ans. (c) 33. Ans. (b)
6. Ans. (a) 34. Ans. (c)
7. Ans. (a) 35. Ans. (d)
8. Ans. (b) 36. Ans. (a)
9. Ans. (d) 37. Ans. (a)
10. Ans. (a) 38. Ans. (b)
1. Ans. (c) 39. Ans. (b)
12. Ans. (d) 40. Ans. (c)
13. Ans. (d) 41. Ans. (c)
14. Ans. (a) 42. Ans. (c)
S15. Ans. (c)
16. Ans. (c)
17. Ans. (a)
18. Ans. (a)
19. Ans. (c)
20. Ans. (c)
21. Ans. (a)
22. Ans. (c)
23. Ans. (d)
S24. Ans. (a)
25. Ans. (b)
S26. Ans. (d)
27. Ans. (c)
28. Ans. (d)
29. Ans. (c)

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 SOLUTION

1. Ans.(c)
Ka = Cα2
Ka = (0.1) × (0.01)2
Ka = 1 × 10-5

2. Ans.(a)
Acidic buffer is prepared by mixing weak acid and its salt with strong base.

3. Ans.(d)
For weak acid (i.e., CH3COOH)
[H+] = Cα
= 0.01 × 1100 = 10-4 M
pH = − log H+ = −log 10-4 = 4

4. Ans.(b)
According to Henry's Law,
p = KHx
Where 'p' is partial pressure of gas in vapour phase.
'KH' is Henry's Law constant.
'x' is mole fraction of gas in liquid.
Higher the value of KH at a given pressure, lower is the solubility of the gas in the
liquid.
∴ Solubility: Ar < CO2 < CH4 < HCHO

5. Ans.(c)
CO2(g) + C(s) ⇌ 2CO(g)
Δng = 2 – 1 = 1
Kp = Kc(RT)Δng
Kp = Kc(RT)
[∵ Kp = 3]
Kc = KpRT = 30.083×1000
= 0.036
= 3.6 × 10-2 2(+1) + x = 0
x = –2

6. Ans.(a)
It is a mixture of weak acid and salt of its conjugate base. Hence, it is acidic buffer.
pH = pKa + log [Salt][Acid]
= 4.57 + log (0.10.01)
= 4.57 + 1
= 4.57

7. Ans.(a)
3O2(g) ⇌ 2O3(g)
Kc = [O3]2[O2]3
[O3]2 = Kc[O2]3 = 3 × 10-59 × (0.04)3
[O3]2 = 1.9 × 10-63 = 19 × 10-64
[O3] = 4.38 × 10-32
Concentration of O3 at equilibrium = 4.38 × 10-32 M

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8. Ans.(b)
𝑝𝐻=12[𝑃𝑘𝑤+𝑃𝑘𝑎−𝑃𝑘𝑏]
=7+12𝑃𝑘𝑎−12𝑝𝑘𝑏
=7+12×4.77−12×3.27
=7.75
9. Ans.(d)
Let the solubility of Ni(OH)2 is s
𝑁𝑖(𝑂𝐻)2𝑠⇌𝑁𝑖2+𝑠+2𝑂𝐻−2𝑠
𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻→𝑁𝑎+𝑂𝐻−
0.1 0.1 0.1
As Ksp is small 2s <<0.10
Therefore (0.10 + 2s) ≈ 0.10
So total [OH]– = 0.10
Ionic product = [Ni2+] [OH–]2
2 × 10–15 = s(0.10)2
s = 2 × 10–13 M

10. Ans.(a) When HCl is passed through the mixture of CaCl2, MgCl2 and NaCl, Cl– ion concentration
increases. As CaCl2 and MgCl2 are more stable than NaCl.
Hence ionic product [Na+] [Cl–] becomes more than solubility product. Thus,
precipitation of NaCl occurs (due to common ion effect)

11. Ans.(c)
Acetic acid, CH3COOH, will react with sodium hydroxide, NaOH, to produce sodium
acetate, CH3COONa, and water.
Sodium acetate is a salt of strong base and Weak acid therefore its salt solution is
basic in nature.
S12. Ans.(d)
For salt AB
𝐾𝑠𝑝=(𝑠)2
𝑠=√𝐾𝑠𝑝
𝑠=√4×10−8
𝑠=2×10−4𝑀

13. Ans.(d)
Given : K = 2 × 1013
Δ𝐺=Δ𝐺°+𝑅𝑇 𝑙𝑛𝑄
At equilibrium Δ𝐺=0,𝑄=𝐾𝑒𝑞
So Δ𝑟𝐺°=−𝑅𝑇 𝑙𝑛𝐾𝑒𝑞 Δ𝑟𝐺°=−8.314 𝐽 𝑚𝑜𝑙−1𝐾−1×300𝐾×ln
(2×1013)

14. Ans.(a)
𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2⇌𝐶𝑎2++2𝑂𝐻−
𝑝𝐻+𝑝𝑂𝐻=14
pH = 9, thus pOH = 14 – 9 = 5
[𝑂𝐻−]=10−5𝑀
Thus [𝐶𝑎2+]=10−52
So, 𝐾𝑠𝑝=[𝐶𝑎2+][𝑂𝐻−]2
=10−52(10−5)2=0.5×10−15

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15. Ans.(c)
𝑂𝐻⊖−𝐻+← 𝐻2𝑂+𝐻+→ 𝐻3𝑂⊕
Conjugate Conjugate
base acid
𝐻𝐹𝐴𝑐𝑖𝑑+𝐻2𝑂𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑒⇋𝐹⊖𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑗𝑢𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒+𝐻3𝑂⊕𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑗𝑢𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑

16. Ans.(c)
(i) 𝐶𝐻3𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻+𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻→𝐶𝐻3𝐶𝑂𝑂𝑁𝑎+𝐻2𝑂
Initial 25 mL 50 mL 0
× 0.1 M × 0.1 M
= 2.5 mmol = 5 mmol
Final 0 2.5 mmol 2.5 mmol
This is basic solution due to NaOH.
This is not basic buffer.
(ii) 𝐶𝐻3𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻+𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻→𝐶𝐻3𝐶𝑂𝑂𝑁𝑎+𝐻2𝑂
Initial 100 mL 100 mL 0
× 0.1 M × 0.1 M
= 10 mmol = 10 mmol
Final 0 0 10 mmol
Hydrolysis of salt takes place.
This is not basic buffer.
(iii) 𝐻𝐶𝑙 + 𝑁𝐻4𝑂𝐻 → 𝑁𝐻4𝐶𝑙 + 𝐻2𝑂
Initial 100 mL 200 mL 0
× 0.1 M × 0.1 M
= 10 mmol = 20 mmol
Final 0 10 mmol 10 mmol
This will make basic buffer.
(iv) 𝐻𝐶𝑙 + 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 → 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙 + 𝐻2𝑂
Initial 100 mL 100 mL 0
× 0.1 M × 0.1 M
= 10 mmol = 10 mmol
Final 0 0 10 mmol
⇒ This is Neutral solution.

17. Ans.(a)
𝐴2(𝑔)+𝐵2(𝑔)⇌𝑋2(𝑔);Δ𝐻=−𝑋 𝑘𝐽
On increasing pressure, equilibrium shifts in a direction where pressure decreases i.e.
forward direction.
On decreasing temperature, equilibrium shifts in forward direction as it is exothermic
direction.
So, high pressure and low temperature favours maximum formation of product.

18. Ans.(a)
Solubility of BaSO4, 𝑠=2.42×10−3233(𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿−1)
=1.04×10−5(𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿−1)
𝐵𝑎𝑆𝑂4(𝑠)⇌𝐵𝑎2+(𝑎𝑞)+𝑆𝑂42−(𝑎𝑞)
𝐾𝑠𝑝=[𝐵𝑎2+][𝑆𝑂42−]=𝑠2
=(1.04×10−5)2
=1.08×10−10𝑚𝑜𝑙2𝐿−2

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19. Ans.(c)
Meq of HCl =75×15×1=15
Meq of NaOH =25×15×1=5
Meq of HCl in resulting solution = 10
Molarity of [H+] in resulting mixture

=10100=110
pH=−log[𝐻+]=−𝑙𝑜𝑔[110]=1.0

20. Ans.(c)
2𝑁𝐻3⇌𝑁2+3𝐻2 1𝐾1
𝑁2+𝑂2⇌2𝑁𝑂 𝐾2
3𝐻2+32𝑂2⇌3𝐻2𝑂 𝐾33
2𝑁𝐻3+52𝑂2⇌2𝑁𝑂+3𝐻2 𝐾
𝐾=𝐾2𝐾33𝐾1

21. Ans.(a)
𝐴𝑔2𝐶2𝑂4→2𝐴𝑔+2𝑠+𝐶2𝑂42−𝑠
𝐾𝑠𝑝=[𝐴𝑔+]2[𝐶2𝑂4
= (2s)2 (s) ; [Ag+ = 2.2 × 10–4]
= (2.2 × 10–4)2 (1.1 × 10–4);
[2s = 2.2 × 10–4]
= 4.84 ×10–8 × 1.1 × 10–4
= 5.3 × 10–12

22. Ans.(c)
The value of equilibrium constant is not changed in the presence of a catalyst in the
reaction at equilibrium. The catalyst only increases the rates of reaction, it does not
affect the equilibrium constant.

23. Ans.(d)
𝐾𝑝=𝐾𝑐(𝑅𝑇)Δ𝑛
𝐾𝑐=𝐾𝑝(𝑅𝑇)Δ𝑛=5.8×105(0.08314×298)2−4
=5.8×105(0.08314×298)−2
=3.56×108

24. Ans.(a)
Presence of catalyst does not affect the equilibrium of the reaction. Catalyst only affect
the rate of reaction.

25. Ans.(b)
𝐶𝑂(𝑔)+𝐶𝑙2(𝑔)⇌𝐶𝑂𝐶𝑙2(𝑔)
Δ𝑛=−1
𝐾𝑝=𝐾𝑐(𝑅𝑇)Δ𝑛𝑔
𝐾𝑝𝐾𝑐=1𝑅𝑇

26. Ans.(d)
Among the 4 options PF3 will behave as a Lewis base due to presence of lone pair of
electrons in p-orbitals.

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27. Ans.(d)
𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙(𝑎𝑞) ⇌ 𝑁𝑎+ 𝐶𝑙−
Initially 0.1 M 0 0
At equilibrium 0 0.1 0.1 + S
𝐴𝑔𝐶𝑙 ⇌ 𝐴𝑔+ + 𝐶𝑙−
Initially a 0 0
At equilibrium 0 S 0.1 + S
𝐾𝑠𝑝=1.6×10−10=[𝐴𝑔+] [𝐶𝑙−]
=𝑆(0.1+𝑆) 1.6×10−10=𝑆×0.1
𝑆=1.6×10−9𝑀

28. Ans.(d)
Pyrimidine is a very weak base so
𝐾𝑏=𝑐𝛼2 𝛼=√𝐾𝑏𝑐 =√1.7×10−90.9 =1.3×10−4 % 𝛼=0.013%

29. Ans.(c)
If large amount of KHSO4 would be added then concentration of 𝑁𝑂2+ will decrease,
rate of nitration will also decrease.

30. Ans.(c)
For 𝑀𝑌⇌𝑀+𝑆+𝑌−𝑆
𝐾𝑠𝑝=6.2×10−13
𝑆=7.9×10−7𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿−1
For 𝑁𝑌3⇌𝑁3++3𝑌−
𝐾𝑠𝑝=27𝑆4 ⇒ 𝑆=(𝐾𝑠𝑝27)1/4
𝑆=3.89×10−4𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿−1
So, solubility of NY3 is more than solubility of MY in pure water. And addition of KY
decrease the solubility because of common ion effect.

31. Ans.(b)
If the reaction is multiplied by 12, then new equilibrium constant, 𝐾′=𝐾1/2.

32. Ans.(b)
HClO4 and NaClO4 will not make a buffer solution because a buffer solution is formed
by the mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base and HClO4 is not a weak acid.

33. Ans.(b)
Such big equilibrium constant indicates large concentration of products so
equilibrium is mostly towards product.

34. Ans.(c)
According to solubility law:
𝐴𝑔2𝐶𝑟𝑂4⇌2𝐴𝑔++𝐶𝑟𝑂42−
(2S)2 S
1.1×10−12=4𝑆3
𝐴𝑔2𝐶𝑟𝑂4=𝑆~10−3
𝐴𝑔𝐶𝑙=𝑆~10−5
𝐴𝑔𝐵𝑟=𝑆~10−6
𝐴𝑔𝐼=𝑆~10−8
So, 𝐴𝑔2𝐶𝑟𝑂4 will be the most soluble.

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35. Ans.(d)
∵ 1 mole of NaOH is completely neutralized by 1 mole of HCl.
So, 0.01 mole is neutralized by 0.01 mole of HCl.
Left NaOH = 0.09 mole
[𝑂𝐻−]=0.092=0.045𝑀
𝑝𝑂𝐻=−log[𝑂𝐻−]=1.35
𝑝𝐻=14−𝑝𝑂𝐻=14−1.35=12.65

36. Ans.(a)
HCl is strong acid and dissociated completely into ions in aq. Solution.
37. Ans.(a)
∵ Δ𝐺=Δ𝐺°+2.303 𝑅𝑇log𝑄
At equilibrium
Δ𝐺=0
𝑄=𝐾𝑒𝑞
So, Δ𝐺°=(−)2.303 𝑅𝑇log𝐾𝑒𝑞

38. Ans.(b)
Highest pH is shown by alkali
So, Na2CO3 being salt of a strong base and weak acid will exhibit highest pH.
NaCl → neutral pH = 7
CuSO4 → Acidic pH < 7
KCl → Neutral pH = 7

39. Ans.(b)
∵ Δ𝐺°=−2.303 𝑅𝑇log𝐾𝑠𝑝
63.3×103𝐽=−2.303×8.314×298log𝐾𝑠𝑝
𝐾𝑠𝑝=8.128×10−12

40. Ans.(c)
On increasing pressure, equilibrium shifts in forward direction, where number of
moles decreases, it is an example of exothermic reaction therefore decreasing
temperature favours the forward direction

41. Ans.(c)
Lewis base species are those which are electron deficient and does require electron to
complete their octet. BF3 is an electron deficient species and is a Lewis acid.

42. Ans.(c)
HCl and SO2 are reducing agents so they can reduce 𝑀𝑛𝑂4−.
CO2 is neither oxidizing nor reducing agent it will provide only acidic medium and shift the direction in
forward reaction towards completion.

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