Module Title: - Connecting hardware peripherals

Module code: EIS WDDB1 M02 0322

Nominal duration: 52Hour

Definition of a Computer

 A computer is an electronic device that stores, retrieves, and processes data to produce
meaningful information.
 It consists of hardware (physical components) and software (instructions that guide
hardware).

Key Characteristics

1. Speed: Performs millions of instructions per second.

2. Accuracy: Highly reliable, with errors typically due to human input.
3. Consistency: Operates continuously without fatigue.
4. Storage: Can store vast amounts of data.
5. Flexibility: Handles diverse tasks like gaming, writing, and calculations.

Generations of Computers

1. First Generation (1946–1954):

o Based on vacuum tubes.
o Large, slow, expensive, and less reliable.
2. Second Generation (1955–1964):
o Used transistors; smaller, faster, and more reliable.
o Introduced high-level programming languages.
3. Third Generation (1964–1975):
o Used integrated circuits (ICs); reduced cost, size, and energy consumption.
4. Fourth Generation (1975–present):
o Based on microprocessors; small, fast, and powerful.
o Energy-efficient and inexpensive.
5. Fifth Generation (Present and beyond):
o Incorporates artificial intelligence (AI) and parallel processing.

Types of Computers by Data Handling

1. Analog: Processes continuously changing data (e.g., speedometers).

2. Digital: Processes discrete data (e.g., desktops, laptops).
3. Hybrid: Combines features of analog and digital.

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Types of Computers by Size

1. Microcomputers: Personal computers for individual use (e.g., laptops).

2. Minicomputers: Midsize, supports 4–200 users, used in departments.
3. Mainframes: Handles massive data processing for enterprises.
4. Supercomputers: Extremely fast, used for complex tasks like weather forecasting and
scientific research.

1.1.2 Internal and External Hardware Components

External Hardware Components

 Devices connected outside the computer case.

 Examples:
o Keyboard: Inputs characters and commands.
o Mouse: Points and selects information on the screen.
o Microphone: Captures audio for input.
o Scanner: Converts physical images or documents into digital format.
o Printer: Outputs digital data as printed documents.
o Plotters: Prints large, precise geometric designs.
o Camera: Captures and stores digital images.

Internal Hardware Components

 Devices installed inside the computer.

 Examples:
o Video card: Handles graphic rendering.
o Internal drives (e.g., hard drives): Store system data and files.
o Memory modules: Provide temporary storage for active tasks.

1.1.3 Identifying and Categorizing Computer Software

Software Overview

 Software consists of instructions guiding the hardware on what, when, and how to
perform tasks.

Types of Software:

1. System Software: Manages hardware operations and provides a platform for other
software.
o Examples: Operating systems (e.g., Windows), programming tools, and
communication software.
2. Utility Software: Enhances sy
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4. stem functionality and maintenance.
o Examples: Antivirus programs, data backup tools, file compression utilities.
5. Application Software: Performs specific tasks for end-users.
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 o Examples: Productivity tools like Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint.

Unit-One Overview

Unit-One aims to provide skills for:

1. Understanding computer basics: Includes computer generations, characteristics, types

(analog, digital, hybrid), and internal/external hardware components.
2. Identifying client needs: Recognizing peripheral requirements specific to the client.
3. Documenting client needs: Maintaining detailed records of hardware specifications and
related requirements.
4. Verifying client requirements: Ensuring hardware meets the client's expectations.
5. Taking actions for support: Setting up warranties, offering technical support, and
providing training or maintenance.

Key Sections

1.1 Basic Introduction to Computer

 Definition: A device that processes and manipulates data into information.

 Key parts:
o Hardware: Physical components like monitors, keyboards.
o Software: Instructions guiding hardware operations.
 Characteristics: Speed, accuracy, consistency, storage, and flexibility.
 Generations of computers: From vacuum tubes (1st generation) to AI-based systems (5th
generation).
 Types: Analog, digital, and hybrid.

1.2 Documenting Client Requirements

 Maintains an inventory with hardware details such as:

o Manufacturer, model, serial number.
o Connection status (shared or individual devices).
 Proper documentation ensures accountability and helps in servicing.

1.3 Verifying Client Requirements

 Ensures that client needs align with available hardware.

 Common hardware specifications include:
o Minimum storage (e.g., 80 GB hard drive).
o Compatibility with software and peripherals.

1.4 Taking Action for Client Support

 Includes:
o Warranties: Coverage details for repair or replacement.

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 o Support services: Repair timeframes, on-site vs. return-to-base repairs.
o Regular maintenance plans.

Unit-Two Overview

This unit focuses on obtaining, documenting, and storing hardware peripherals in a systematic
and organized manner. Key objectives include:

1. Obtaining peripheral devices: Identifying and selecting the appropriate peripherals

from suppliers.
2. Documenting peripherals in an inventory: Keeping detailed records of all hardware for
organization, insurance, and maintenance purposes.
3. Storing peripherals: Ensuring proper storage according to vendor guidelines to maintain
functionality and safety.

Key Sections

2.1 Obtaining Peripherals

 Steps to Obtain Peripherals:

o Locate suppliers through methods like internet searches, brochures, or direct
manufacturer contact.
o Evaluate suppliers based on:
 Operational experience.
 Support and training offered.
 Pricing and availability.
o Select devices that match client requirements.
 Placing Orders:
o Smaller organizations may order directly, while larger organizations may rely on
purchasing departments.
o Orders may involve filling out forms or contacting suppliers.

2.2 Entering Peripherals into Equipment Inventory

 Purpose of Inventory:
o Maintain detailed records for tracking, insurance, warranty, and service needs.
o Serve as a reference for hardware and software information.
 Details in an Inventory:
o Description of the device, manufacturer, and model.
o Serial number, purchase price, and location.
o Components and specifications (e.g., RAM, storage).
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 Tools for Maintaining Inventory:
o Spreadsheets, databases, or specialized inventory software.
o Keep both soft and hard copies for backup.

2.3 Storing Peripherals According to Vendor Guidelines

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  Storage Requirements:
o Follow vendor-specific recommendations to ensure peripherals function correctly.
o Avoid exposure to extreme conditions like high humidity, direct sunlight, or dust.
o Ensure proper placement and orientation of devices.
 Electrical Safety:
o Use undamaged cables and avoid tripping hazards.
o Verify that electrical systems are properly maintained.
 Physical Security:
o Store devices (e.g., cameras, USB drives) in secure, lockable locations.
o Consider installing anti-theft mechanisms for larger devices.

Unit-Three Overview

This unit guides learners on connecting hardware peripherals to computer systems, while
considering safety standards and ensuring compatibility. Key tasks include:

1. Installing peripherals with environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (OHS)
standards in mind.
2. Safely removing or replacing old peripherals.
3. Configuring the operating system for seamless hardware integration.
4. Testing and confirming the functionality of installed peripherals.

Key Sections

3.1 Considering Environmental and OHS Standards

 Environmental Considerations:
o Schedule installations to minimize disruption (e.g., during off-peak hours).
o Maintain a clean and safe working environment, avoiding dust and extreme
conditions.
 OHS Standards:
o Prevent hazards by following electrical safety guidelines (e.g., unplugging devices
before connecting hardware).
o Ensure cables are placed to avoid tripping or other risks.
o Use ergonomic setups to reduce strain for clients.

3.2 Removing and/or Replacing Old Peripherals

 Follow manufacturer instructions and organizational policies when removing or replacing

peripherals.
 Steps for Removing Old Peripherals:
1. Power down and unplug the system.
2. Safely disconnect cables or connectors.
3. Remove the peripheral, ensuring no damage to the device or computer.
 Replacing Peripherals:

o Match new peripherals with system requirements (e.g., port compatibility, driver
support).

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 o Dispose of old peripherals responsibly.

3.3 Configuring Operating System to Accept New Peripherals

 Driver Installation:
o Install required drivers from the peripheral’s installation disk or the
manufacturer’s website.
o Use the Plug-and-Play feature for automatic detection when available.
o Manually install drivers via the Control Panel if automatic detection fails.
 Customizing Settings:
o Adjust device settings to meet client requirements (e.g., printer quality, default
options).
o Update or modify driver settings to enhance functionality.
 Troubleshooting:
o Resolve installation issues by referring to manufacturer manuals or online
support.
o Ensure the OS supports the peripheral and has the latest updates.

3.4 Testing and Confirming Hardware Peripherals

 Testing Procedures:
o Conduct basic tests like printing a test page or scanning an image to ensure
functionality.
o Check advanced features to meet client-specific needs (e.g., compatibility with
software).
 Test Plan:
o Define scenarios to evaluate performance under expected use cases.
o Document results and resolve any issues identified during testing.
 Routine Checks:
o Test devices periodically to maintain quality (e.g., ensure printers deliver
consistent output).

Unit-Four Overview

This unit explains how to connect a workstation to the internet by:

1. Establishing communication with Internet Service Providers (ISPs).

2. Selecting the appropriate ISP and service type.
3. Setting up the workstation for internet access.
4. Configuring and launching web browser software for internet usage.

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Key Sections

4.1 Communication with ISP and Telecom Service Organizations

 Understanding ISPs:
o ISPs provide internet access, email services, domain registration, and web
hosting.
o Types of ISPs include commercial, non-profit, and community-owned
organizations.
 Factors to Consider:
o Availability of services in the area.
o Speed and bandwidth options.
o Cost and quality of service.
o Additional offerings such as VPN access, web hosting, and e-commerce
capabilities.

4.2 Selecting the Right Type of Internet Service Provider

 Key Criteria for Choosing an ISP:

o Service Type: Choose between broadband, wireless, or dial-up based on needs.
o Bandwidth Capacity: Ensure the ISP offers sufficient speed for tasks like video
conferencing or data transfer.
o Cost: Compare service plans and features to find the best value.
o User Requirements: Determine the number of users and their location.
 Future Needs:
o Consider scalability for future upgrades, such as cloud services or increased users.

4.3 Connecting Workstations to the Internet

 Connection Types:
1. Dial-Up: Uses telephone lines; economical but slow.
2. Leased Line (ADSL):
 High-speed access using telephone lines.
 Examples: ADSL, SDSL, VDSL.
3. Cable Connection:
 Uses cable TV infrastructure; faster and more reliable than dial-up.
4. Wireless Connection (Wi-Fi):
 Enables wireless access via Wi-Fi routers.
 Steps for Connecting:
1. Configure hardware (e.g., routers, modems).
2. Set up network settings (e.g., assign static IPs if necessary).
3. Test the connection by browsing or pinging a server.

4.4 Launching Internet Browser Software

 Choosing a Browser:
o Popular options: Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge, Safari.
 Setting Up:
o Ensure the browser is installed and updated.

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 o Confirm modem and connection software are correctly configured.
 Usage:
o Open the browser to test the connection by visiting a webpage.
o Troubleshoot if the browser cannot load the page (e.g., check network settings).