algebra questiones with answers 1st

Question ID 7eea65e3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Medium

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 7eea65e3
Which of the following systems of linear equations has no solution?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 7eea65e3 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the graphs of the lines
represented by the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. The graphs of two lines in the xy-plane
represented by equations in slope-intercept form, 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are constants, are parallel if their slopes,
𝑚, are the same and are distinct if their y-coordinates of the y-intercepts, 𝑏, are different. In the equations 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 3
and 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 9, the values of 𝑚 are each 6, and the values of 𝑏 are 3 and 9, respectively. Since the slopes of these lines
are the same and the y-coordinates of the y-intercepts are different, it follows that the system of linear equations in
choice A has no solution.
Choice B is incorrect. The two lines represented by these equations are a horizontal line and a line with a slope of 10
that have the same y-coordinate of the y-intercept. Therefore, this system has a solution, 0, 10, rather than no solution.
Choice C is incorrect. The two lines represented by these equations have different slopes and the same y-coordinate of
the y-intercept. Therefore, this system has a solution, 0, 14, rather than no solution.
Choice D is incorrect. The two lines represented by these equations are a vertical line and a horizontal line. Therefore,
this system has a solution, 3, 10, rather than no solution.
Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 5c1751d6
SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium
ID: 5c1751d6
The table shows four values of and their corresponding values of . There is a linear relationship
between and that is defined by the equation , where is a constant. What is
the value of ?
ID: 5c1751d6 Answer

Correct Answer: 11
Rationale
The correct answer is 11. It's given that 𝑓𝑥 is defined by the equation 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑚𝑥 - 28, where 𝑚 is a constant. It's also
given in the table that when 𝑥 = 10, 𝑓𝑥 = 82. Substituting 10 for 𝑥 and 82 for 𝑓𝑥 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 - 28 yields,
82 = 𝑚10 - 28. Adding 28 to both sides of this equation yields 110 = 10𝑚. Dividing both sides of this equation by 10
yields 11 = 𝑚. Therefore, the value of 𝑚 is 11.

Question ID 80f346ea
SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables
ID: 80f346ea
A line passes through the points and in the xy-plane. What is the slope of the line?
ID: 80f346ea Answer

Correct Answer: 1.636, 18/11
Rationale
18
The correct answer is 11
. For a line that passes through the points 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 in the xy-plane, the slope of the line
𝑦2 - 𝑦1
can be calculated using the slope formula, 𝑚 = 𝑥2 - 𝑥1
. It's given that a line passes through the points 4, 6 and 15, 24 in
𝑦2 - 𝑦1 24 - 6 18
the xy-plane. Substituting 4, 6 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 15, 24 for 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 in the slope formula, 𝑚 = , yields 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = .
𝑥2 - 𝑥1 15 - 4 11
18
Therefore, the slope of the line is 11
. Note that 18/11 and 1.636 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question ID c5526332
SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Hard
ID: c5526332
For the linear function , the table shows three values of and their corresponding values of .
Function is defined by , where and are constants. What is the value of ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: c5526332 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. The table gives that 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 0 when 𝑥 = 2. Substituting 0 for 𝑓𝑥 and 2 for 𝑥 into the equation
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 0 = 2𝑎 + 𝑏. Subtracting 2𝑎 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑏 = - 2𝑎. The table gives that
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = - 64 when 𝑥 = 1. Substituting -2𝑎 for 𝑏, -64 for 𝑓𝑥, and 1 for 𝑥 into the equation 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields
-64 = 𝑎1 + -2𝑎. Combining like terms yields -64 = - 𝑎, or 𝑎 = 64. Since 𝑏 = - 2𝑎, substituting 64 for 𝑎 into this equation
gives 𝑏 = -264, which yields 𝑏 = - 128. Thus, the value of 𝑎 - 𝑏 can be written as 64 - ( - 128 ) , which is 192.
Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑎 + 𝑏, not 𝑎 - 𝑏.
Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑎 - 2, not 𝑎 - 𝑏.
Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 2𝑎, not 𝑎 - 𝑏.
Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID cdcfc854

linear equations in
two variables
ID: cdcfc854
What is the solution to the given system of equations?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: cdcfc854 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. Adding 9𝑥 to both sides of the first equation in the given system yields 𝑦 = 9𝑥 + 13. Substituting
the expression 9𝑥 + 13 for 𝑦 in the second equation in the given system yields 5𝑥 = 29𝑥 + 13. Distributing the 2 on the
right-hand side of this equation yields 5𝑥 = 18𝑥 + 26. Subtracting 18𝑥 from both sides of this equation yields -13𝑥 = 26
. Dividing both sides of this equation by -13 yields 𝑥 = - 2. Substituting -2 for 𝑥 in the equation 𝑦 = 9𝑥 + 13 yields
𝑦 = 9-2 + 13, or 𝑦 = - 5. Therefore, the solution 𝑥, 𝑦 to the given system of equations is -2, - 5.
Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.
Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.
Choice D is incorrect. This is the solution 𝑦, 𝑥, not 𝑥, 𝑦, to the given system of equations.

Question ID 6ee5222e
SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

two variables
ID: 6ee5222e
Which table gives three values of and their corresponding values of for the given equation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 6ee5222e Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. Each of the tables gives the same three values of 𝑥: 1, 2, and 4. Substituting 1 for 𝑥 in the given
3 3 3 3 35 3 3 32
equation yields 5 1 + 4 𝑦 = 7, or 5
+ 𝑦=
4 5
. Subtracting 5 from both sides of this equation yields 4 𝑦 = 5 . Multiplying
4 128
both sides of this equation by 3
yields 𝑦 =
15
. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 1, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given
128 3 3 6 3 35 6
equation is . Substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 2 + 𝑦 = 7, or + 4𝑦 = . Subtracting from both
15 5 4 5 5 5
3 29 4 116
sides of this equation yields 4
𝑦 =
5
. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 3 yields 𝑦 = 15
. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 2,
116 3 3
the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 15
. Substituting 4 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 5 4 + 4 𝑦 = 7,
12 3 35 12 3 23
or 5
+ 4𝑦 = 5
. Subtracting 5 from both sides of this equation yields 4 𝑦 = 5
. Multiplying both sides of this equation
4 92 92
by yields 𝑦 = . Therefore, when 𝑥 = 4, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is . The table in choice
3 15 15
128 116 92
D gives x-values of 1, 2, and 4 and corresponding y-values of ,
15 15
, and 15
, respectively. Therefore, the table in choice
D gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the given equation.
Choice A is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation
3 3
𝑥 + + 𝑦 = 7.
5 4
3
Choice B is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 5 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10
.
Choice C is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation
3 3
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8.
5 4

Question ID 38f53fa4

two variables
ID: 38f53fa4
Figure A and figure B are both regular polygons. The sum of the perimeter of figure A and the perimeter
of figure B is inches. The equation represents this situation, where is the number of
sides of figure A and is the number of sides of figure B. Which statement is the best interpretation of
in this context?
A. Each side of figure B has a length of inches.
B. The number of sides of figure B is .
C. Each side of figure A has a length of inches.
D. The number of sides of figure A is .
ID: 38f53fa4 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that figure A and figure B (not shown) are both regular polygons and the sum of the
perimeters of the two figures is 63 inches. It’s also given that 𝑥 is the number of sides of figure A and 𝑦 is the number
of sides of figure B, and that the equation 3𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 63 represents this situation. Thus, 3𝑥 and 6𝑦 represent the
perimeters, in inches, of figure A and figure B, respectively. Since 6𝑦 represents the perimeter, in inches, of figure B and
𝑦 is the number of sides of figure B, it follows that each side of figure B has a length of 6 inches.
Choice B is incorrect. The number of sides of figure B is 𝑦, not 6.
Choice C is incorrect. Since the perimeter, in inches, of figure A is represented by 3𝑥, each side of figure A has a length
of 3 inches, not 6 inches.
Choice D is incorrect. The number of sides of figure A is 𝑥, not 6.

Question ID 9609a243
SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 9609a243
In the given system of equations, is a constant. If the system has no solution, what is the value of ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 9609a243 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines represented
by the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. The graphs of two lines in the xy-plane represented by
equations in the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, where 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 are constants, are parallel if the coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in one
equation are proportional to the corresponding coefficients in the other equation. The first equation in the given system
can be written in the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 by subtracting 9𝑦 from both sides of the equation to yield 4𝑥 - 18𝑦 = 5. The
second equation in the given system can be written in the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 by subtracting 4𝑥 from both sides of the
equation to yield -4𝑥 + ℎ𝑦 = 2. The coefficient of 𝑥 in this second equation, -4, is -1 times the coefficient of 𝑥 in the first
equation, 4. For the lines to be parallel, the coefficient of 𝑦 in the second equation, ℎ, must also be -1 times the
coefficient of 𝑦 in the first equation, -18. Thus, ℎ = - 1 ( - 18 ) , or ℎ = 18. Therefore, if the given system has no solution,
the value of ℎ is 18.
Choice A is incorrect. If the value of ℎ is -9, then the given system would have one solution, rather than no solution.
Choice B is incorrect. If the value of ℎ is 0, then the given system would have one solution, rather than no solution.
Choice C is incorrect. If the value of ℎ is 9, then the given system would have one solution, rather than no solution.

Question ID 43e69f94
SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Hard
ID: 43e69f94
The cost of renting a backhoe for up to days is for the first day and for each additional
day. Which of the following equations gives the cost , in dollars, of renting the backhoe for days,
where is a positive integer and ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 43e69f94 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. It's given that the cost of renting a backhoe for up to 10 days is $ 270 for the first day and $ 135
for each additional day. Therefore, the cost 𝑦, in dollars, for 𝑥 days, where 𝑥 ≤ 10, is the sum of the cost for the first day,
$ 270, and the cost for the additional 𝑥 - 1 days, $ 135𝑥 - 1. It follows that 𝑦 = 270 + 135𝑥 - 1, which is equivalent to
𝑦 = 270 + 135𝑥 - 135, or 𝑦 = 135𝑥 + 135.
Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the cost of renting a backhoe is $ 135 for the first day
and $ 270 for each additional day.
Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question ID 0876dbef

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 0876dbef
ID: 0876dbef Answer

Rationale
7
The correct answer is 2 . A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines
represented by the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. Two lines represented by equations in standard
form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, where 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 are constants, are parallel if the coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in one equation are
proportional to the corresponding coefficients in the other equation. The first equation in the given system,
7 5 4 7 7 14 5 4
𝑦 - 𝑥 = - 𝑦, can be written in standard form by adding 𝑦 to both sides of the equation, which yields 𝑦 - 𝑥 = , or
8 8 7 8 8 8 8 7
5 14 4 32
- 𝑥+ 𝑦 = . Multiplying each term in this equation by -8 yields 5𝑥 - 14𝑦 = - . The second equation in the given
8 8 7 7
5 7 15 7
system, + = 𝑝𝑦 + , can be written in standard form by subtracting and 𝑝𝑦 from both sides of the equation,
4
𝑥
4 4 4
5 8
which yields 4 𝑥 - 𝑝𝑦 = 4 . Multiplying each term in this equation by 4 yields 5𝑥 - 4𝑝𝑦 = 8. The coefficient of 𝑥 in the first
32
equation, 5𝑥 - 14𝑦 = - 7 , is equal to the coefficient of 𝑥 in the second equation, 5𝑥 - 4𝑝𝑦 = 8. For the lines to be parallel,
and for the coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in one equation to be proportional to the corresponding coefficients in the other
equation, the coefficient of 𝑦 in the second equation must also be equal to the coefficient of 𝑦 in the first equation.
-14 7
Therefore, -14 = - 4𝑝. Dividing both sides of this equation by -4 yields -4
= 𝑝, or 𝑝 = . Therefore, if the given system
2
7
of equations has no solution, the value of 𝑝 is . Note that 7/2 and 3.5 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.
2

Question ID 57e4b0b9
SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Medium

in one or two
variables
ID: 57e4b0b9
A model estimates that whales from the genus Eschrichtius travel to miles in the ocean each day
during their migration. Based on this model, which inequality represents the estimated total number of
miles, , a whale from the genus Eschrichtius could travel in days of its migration?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 57e4b0b9 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It's given that the model estimates that whales from the genus Eschrichtius travel 72 to 77 miles in
the ocean each day during their migration. If one of these whales travels 72 miles each day for 16 days, then the whale
travels 7216 miles total. If one of these whales travels 77 miles each day for 16 days, then the whale travels 7716 miles
total. Therefore, the model estimates that in 16 days of its migration, a whale from the genus Eschrichtius could travel
at least 7216 and at most 7716 miles total. Thus, the inequality 7216 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 7716 represents the estimated total
number of miles, 𝑥, a whale from the genus Eschrichtius could travel in 16 days of its migration.
Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.
Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.
Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question ID 4a2f9ba8

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 4a2f9ba8
For each real number , which of the following points lies on the graph of each equation in the xy-plane
for the given system?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 4a2f9ba8 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. Dividing both sides of the second equation in the given system by 3 yields 8𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 9, which is the
first equation in the given system. Therefore, the first and second equations represent the same line in the xy-plane. If
the x- and y-coordinates of a point satisfy an equation, the point lies on the graph of the equation in the xy-plane.
8𝑟 9 8𝑟 9
Choice A is a point with x-coordinate 𝑟 and y-coordinate - + . Substituting 𝑟 for 𝑥 and - + for 𝑦 in the equation
7 7 7 7
8 9
8𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 9 yields 8𝑟 + 7- 𝑟 + = 9. Applying the distributive property to the left-hand side of this equation yields
7 7
8𝑟 - 8𝑟 + 9 = 9. Combining like terms on the left-hand side of this equation yields 9 = 9, so the coordinates of the point
8 9 8 9
𝑟, - 𝑟 + satisfy both equations in the given system. Therefore, for each real number 𝑟, the point 𝑟, - 𝑟 + lies on the
7 7 7 7
graph of each equation in the xy-plane for the given system.
Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question ID 252d6b8a

two variables
ID: 252d6b8a
In the given pair of equations, and are constants. The graph of this pair of equations in the xy-plane
is a pair of perpendicular lines. Which of the following pairs of equations also represents a pair of
perpendicular lines?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 252d6b8a Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. Two lines are perpendicular if their slopes are negative reciprocals, meaning that the slope of the
first line is equal to -1 divided by the slope of the second line. Each equation in the given pair of equations can be
written in slope-intercept form, 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the graph of the equation in the xy-plane and 0, 𝑏 is
the y-intercept. For the first equation, 5𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 1, subtracting 5𝑥 from both sides gives 7𝑦 = - 5𝑥 + 1, and dividing both
5 1 5
sides of this equation by 7 gives 𝑦 = - 𝑥 + . Therefore, the slope of the graph of this equation is - . For the second
7 7 7
equation, 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 1, subtracting 𝑎𝑥 from both sides gives 𝑏𝑦 = -𝑎𝑥 + 1, and dividing both sides of this equation by 𝑏
𝑎 1 𝑎
gives 𝑦 = - 𝑏 𝑥 + 𝑏 . Therefore, the slope of the graph of this equation is - 𝑏 . Since the graph of the given pair of
𝑎
equations is a pair of perpendicular lines, the slope of the graph of the second equation, - 𝑏 , must be the negative
5 5 -1 7 𝑎 7
reciprocal of the slope of the graph of the first equation, - . The negative reciprocal of - is 5 , or 5 . Therefore, - = , or
7 7 - 𝑏 5
7
𝑎 7 10 1 𝑎 1
𝑏
= - 5 . Similarly, rewriting the equations in choice B in slope-intercept form yields 𝑦 = - 7
𝑥 + 7 and 𝑦 = - 2𝑏 𝑥 + 2𝑏 . It
10
follows that the slope of the graph of the first equation in choice B is -
7
and the slope of the graph of the second
𝑎 𝑎 7 𝑎 1 7 7 7 10
equation in choice B is - 2𝑏 . Since 𝑏
= - , - is equal to - - , or
5 2𝑏 2 5 10
. Since 10
is the negative reciprocal of - 7 , the pair of
equations in choice B represents a pair of perpendicular lines.

Question ID e13b9cac

linear equations in
two variables
ID: e13b9cac
The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of y?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: e13b9cac Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. The given system of linear equations can be solved by the elimination method. Multiplying each
side of the second equation in the given system by 3 yields 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 ( 3 ) = 103, or 6𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 30. Subtracting this
equation from the first equation in the given system yields 6𝑥 + 7𝑦 - 6𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 28 - 30, which is equivalent to
6𝑥 - 6𝑥 + 7𝑦 - 6𝑦 = 28 - 30, or 𝑦 = - 2.
Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥, not the value of 𝑦.

Question ID c751fef8

linear equations in
two variables
ID: c751fef8
The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: c751fef8 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
1 1
Choice B is correct. It's given by the first equation in the system that 𝑦 = - 5 𝑥. Substituting - 5 𝑥 for 𝑦 in the second
1 1 1 1 1 1
equation in the system, 𝑦 = 7 𝑥, yields - 5 𝑥 = 7 𝑥. Adding - 5 𝑥 to both sides of this equation yields 0 = 7 𝑥 + 5 𝑥, which is
5 7 12 35
equivalent to 0 = 𝑥+ 𝑥, or 0 = 𝑥. Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields 0 = 𝑥. Therefore, the value of
35 35 35 12
𝑥 is 0.

Question ID 52007f35

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 52007f35
ID: 52007f35 Answer

Correct Answer: 6
Rationale
The correct answer is 6. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines
represented by the equations in the xy-plane are parallel and distinct. Lines represented by equations in standard form,
𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 and 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 = 𝐹, are parallel if the coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in one equation are proportional to the
𝐷 𝐸
corresponding coefficients in the other equation, meaning 𝐴
= ; and the lines are distinct if the constants are not
𝐵
𝐹 𝐷 𝐸 3 1 2 3
proportional, meaning 𝐶
is not equal to 𝐴
or 𝐵 . The first equation in the given system is 2 𝑦 - 4 𝑥 = 3
- 𝑦. Multiplying
2
each side of this equation by 12 yields 18𝑦 - 3𝑥 = 8 - 18𝑦. Adding 18𝑦 to each side of this equation yields 36𝑦 - 3𝑥 = 8,
1 3 9
or -3𝑥 + 36𝑦 = 8. The second equation in the given system is 𝑥 + = 𝑝𝑦 + . Multiplying each side of this equation by
2 2 2
2 yields 𝑥 + 3 = 2𝑝𝑦 + 9. Subtracting 2𝑝𝑦 from each side of this equation yields 𝑥 + 3 - 2𝑝𝑦 = 9. Subtracting 3 from
each side of this equation yields 𝑥 - 2𝑝𝑦 = 6. Therefore, the two equations in the given system, written in standard form,
are -3𝑥 + 36𝑦 = 8 and 𝑥 - 2𝑝𝑦 = 6. As previously stated, if this system has no solution, the lines represented by the
1 -2𝑝 1 𝑝
equations in the xy-plane are parallel and distinct, meaning the proportion -3
= 36
, or - 3 = - 18 , is true and the
6 1 6 1 1 𝑝
proportion 8
=
-3
is not true. The proportion 8
=
-3
is not true. Multiplying each side of the true proportion, - 3 = - 18 , by
-18 yields 6 = 𝑝. Therefore, if the system has no solution, then the value of 𝑝 is 6.

Question ID 900234f1

two variables
ID: 900234f1
At a school fair, students can win colored tokens that are worth a different number of points depending
on the color. One student won green tokens and red tokens worth a total of points. The given
equation represents this situation. How many more points is a red token worth than a green token?
ID: 900234f1 Answer

Correct Answer: 40
Rationale
The correct answer is 40. It's given that 5𝐺 + 45𝑅 = 380, where 𝐺 is the number of green tokens and 𝑅 is the number of
red tokens won by one student and these tokens are worth a total of 380 points. Since the equation represents the
situation where the student won points with green tokens and red tokens for a total of 380 points, each term on the left-
hand side of the equation represents the number of points won for one of the colors. Since the coefficient of 𝐺 in the
given equation is 5, a green token must be worth 5 points. Similarly, since the coefficient of 𝑅 in the given equation is 45
, a red token must be worth 45 points. Therefore, a red token is worth 45 - 5 points, or 40 points, more than a green
token.

Question ID 84f5f182
SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Hard

in one or two
variables
ID: 84f5f182
A salesperson’s total earnings consist of a base salary of dollars per year, plus commission earnings
of of the total sales the salesperson makes during the year. This year, the salesperson has a goal
for the total earnings to be at least times and at most times the base salary. Which of the following
inequalities represents all possible values of total sales , in dollars, the salesperson can make this year
in order to meet that goal?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 84f5f182 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that a salesperson's total earnings consist of a base salary of 𝑥 dollars per year plus
commission earnings of 11% of the total sales the salesperson makes during the year. If the salesperson makes 𝑠
dollars in total sales this year, the salesperson’s total earnings can be represented by the expression 𝑥 + 0.11𝑠. It’s also
given that the salesperson has a goal for the total earnings to be at least 3 times and at most 4 times the base salary,
which can be represented by the expressions 3𝑥 and 4𝑥, respectively. Therefore, this situation can be represented by
the inequality 3𝑥 ≤ 𝑥 + 0.11𝑠 ≤ 4𝑥. Subtracting 𝑥 from each part of this inequality yields 2𝑥 ≤ 0.11𝑠 ≤ 3𝑥. Dividing each
2 3 2 3
part of this inequality by 0.11 yields 𝑥≤𝑠≤
0.11
𝑥. Therefore, the inequality
0.11
𝑥≤𝑠≤
0.11
𝑥 represents all possible
0.11
values of total sales 𝑠, in dollars, the salesperson can make this year in order to meet their goal.
Choice A is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which the total sales, rather than the total earnings, are at
least 2 times and at most 3 times, rather than at least 3 times and at most 4 times, the base salary.
Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which the total sales, rather than the total earnings, are at
least 3 times and at most 4 times the base salary.
Choice D is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which the total earnings are at least 4 times and at most
5 times, rather than at least 3 times and at most 4 times, the base salary.
Question ID e40b7bdc

two variables
ID: e40b7bdc
Keenan made cups of vegetable broth. Keenan then filled small jars and large jars with all the
vegetable broth he made. The equation represents this situation. Which is the best
interpretation of in this context?
A. The number of large jars Keenan filled
B. The number of small jars Keenan filled
C. The total number of cups of vegetable broth in the large jars
D. The total number of cups of vegetable broth in the small jars
ID: e40b7bdc Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that the equation 3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 32 represents the situation where Keenan filled 𝑥 small jars
and 𝑦 large jars with all the vegetable broth he made, which was 32 cups. Therefore, 3𝑥 represents the total number of
cups of vegetable broth in the small jars and 5𝑦 represents the total number of cups of vegetable broth in the large
jars.
Choice A is incorrect. The number of large jars Keenan filled is represented by 𝑦, not 5𝑦.
Choice B is incorrect. The number of small jars Keenan filled is represented by 𝑥, not 5𝑦.
Choice D is incorrect. The total number of cups of vegetable broth in the small jars is represented by 3𝑥, not 5𝑦.

Question ID a39e1c3b

two variables
ID: a39e1c3b
What is the slope of the graph of in the xy-plane?
ID: a39e1c3b Answer

Rationale
55
. In the xy-plane, the graph of an equation in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are constants,
has a slope of 𝑚 and a y-intercept of 0, 𝑏. Applying the distributive property to the right-hand side of the given equation
27 15 55 15
yields 𝑦 = 4
𝑥 +
4
+ 7𝑥. Combining like terms yields 𝑦 =
4
𝑥 +
4
. This equation is in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where
55 15 1 55
𝑚= and 𝑏 = . It follows that the slope of the graph of 𝑦 = 27𝑥 + 15 + 7𝑥 in the xy-plane is . Note that 55/4 and
4 4 4 4
13.75 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question ID c130b16c

linear equations in
two variables
ID: c130b16c
One of the equations in a system of two linear equations is given. The system has no solution. Which
equation could be the second equation in the system?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: c130b16c Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines represented
by the equations in the xy-plane are parallel and distinct. Lines represented by equations in standard form, 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶
and 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 = 𝐹, are parallel if the coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in one equation are proportional to the corresponding
𝐷 𝐸
coefficients in the other equation, meaning 𝐴
= ; and the lines are distinct if the constants are not proportional,
𝐵
𝐹 𝐷 𝐸
meaning 𝐶
is not equal to 𝐴
or 𝐵 . The given equation, 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 18, can be written in standard form by subtracting 6𝑥
from both sides of the equation to yield -6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 18. Therefore, the given equation can be written in the form
𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, where 𝐴 = - 6, 𝐵 = 1, and 𝐶 = 18. The equation in choice B, -6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 22, is written in the form
𝐷 -6 𝐷 𝐸 1
𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 = 𝐹, where 𝐷 = - 6, 𝐸 = 1, and 𝐹 = 22. Therefore, = , which can be rewritten as = 1; = , which can be
𝐴 -6 𝐴 𝐵 1
𝐸 𝐹 22 𝐹 11 𝐷 𝐸 𝐹
rewritten as 𝐵
= 1; and
𝐶
=
18
, which can be rewritten as 𝐶
=
9
. Since 𝐴
= 1,
𝐵
= 1, and
𝐶
is not equal to 1, it follows
that the given equation and the equation -6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 22 are parallel and distinct. Therefore, a system of two linear
equations consisting of the given equation and the equation -6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 22 has no solution. Thus, the equation in choice
B could be the second equation in the system.
Choice A is incorrect. The equation -6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 18 and the given equation represent the same line in the xy-plane.
Therefore, a system of these linear equations would have infinitely many solutions, rather than no solution.
Choice C is incorrect. The equation -12𝑥 + 𝑦 = 36 and the given equation represent lines in the xy-plane that are distinct
and not parallel. Therefore, a system of these linear equations would have exactly one solution, rather than no solution.
Choice D is incorrect. The equation -12𝑥 + 𝑦 = 18 and the given equation represent lines in the xy-plane that are distinct
and not parallel. Therefore, a system of these linear equations would have exactly one solution, rather than no solution.

Question ID 5e7991d4

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 5e7991d4
ID: 5e7991d4 Answer

Correct Answer: 1677
Rationale
The correct answer is 1,677. Adding the first equation to the second equation in the given system yields
𝑥 - 2 + 𝑥 - 2 + -4𝑦 + 7 + 4𝑦 + 7 = 117 + 442, or 2𝑥 - 2 = 559. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 3 yields
6𝑥 - 2 = 1,677. Therefore, the value of 6𝑥 - 2 is 1,677.

Question ID 2ebd5e5b

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 2ebd5e5b
ID: 2ebd5e5b Answer

Correct Answer: 80
Rationale
The correct answer is 80. Subtracting the second equation in the given system from the first equation yields
24𝑥 + 𝑦 - 6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 48 - 72, which is equivalent to 24𝑥 - 6𝑥 + 𝑦 - 𝑦 = - 24, or 18𝑥 = - 24. Dividing each side of this
equation by 3 yields 6𝑥 = - 8. Substituting -8 for 6𝑥 in the second equation yields -8 + 𝑦 = 72. Adding 8 to both sides of
this equation yields 𝑦 = 80.
Alternate approach: Multiplying each side of the second equation in the given system by 4 yields 24𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 288.
Subtracting the first equation in the given system from this equation yields 24𝑥 + 4𝑦 - 24𝑥 + 𝑦 = 288 - 48, which is
equivalent to 24𝑥 - 24𝑥 + 4𝑦 - 𝑦 = 240, or 3𝑦 = 240. Dividing each side of this equation by 3 yields 𝑦 = 80.

Question ID 66b488d2

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 66b488d2
At how many points do the graphs of the given equations intersect in the xy-plane?
A. Zero
B. Exactly one
C. Exactly two
D. Infinitely many
ID: 66b488d2 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has zero points of intersection if the
lines represented by the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. The graphs of two lines in the xy-plane
represented by equations in slope-intercept form, 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, are distinct if the y-coordinates of their y-intercepts, 𝑏, are
different and are parallel if their slopes, 𝑚, are the same. For the two equations in the given system, 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 10 and
𝑦 = 2𝑥 - 1, the values of 𝑏 are 10 and -1, respectively, and the values of 𝑚 are both 2. Since the values of 𝑏 are different,
the graphs of these lines have different y-coordinates of the y-intercept and are distinct. Since the values of 𝑚 are the
same, the graphs of these lines have the same slope and are parallel. Therefore, the graphs of the given equations are
lines that intersect at zero points in the xy-plane.
Choice B is incorrect. The graphs of a system of two linear equations have exactly one point of intersection if the lines
represented by the equations have different slopes. Since the given equations represent lines with the same slope,
there is not exactly one intersection point.
Choice C is incorrect. The graphs of a system of two linear equations can never have exactly two intersection points.
Choice D is incorrect. The graphs of a system of two linear equations have infinitely many intersection points when the
lines represented by the equations have the same slope and the same y-coordinate of the y-intercept. Since the given
equations represent lines with different y-coordinates of their y-intercepts, there are not infinitely many intersection
points.
Question ID dcdceeae

two variables
ID: dcdceeae
In the xy-plane, line has a slope of and an x-intercept of . What is the y-coordinate of the y-
intercept of line ?
ID: dcdceeae Answer

Correct Answer: -10
Rationale
The correct answer is -10. A line in the xy-plane can be represented by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of
5 5
the line and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. It's given that line 𝑝 has a slope of - 3 . Therefore, 𝑚 = - 3 . It's also
5
given that line 𝑝 has an x-intercept of -6, 0. Therefore, when 𝑥 = - 6, 𝑦 = 0. Substituting - 3 for 𝑚, -6 for 𝑥, and 0 for 𝑦 in
5
the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 0 = - -6 + 𝑏, which is equivalent to 0 = 10 + 𝑏. Subtracting 10 from both sides of this
3
equation yields -10 = 𝑏. Therefore, the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of line 𝑝 is -10.

Question ID 90f7af74

in one or two
variables
ID: 90f7af74
A small business owner budgets to purchase candles. The owner must purchase a minimum of
candles to maintain the discounted pricing. If the owner pays per candle to purchase small
candles and per candle to purchase large candles, what is the maximum number of large
candles the owner can purchase to stay within the budget and maintain the discounted pricing?
ID: 90f7af74 Answer

Correct Answer: 182
Rationale
The correct answer is 182. Let 𝑠 represent the number of small candles the owner can purchase, and let 𝑙 represent the
number of large candles the owner can purchase. It’s given that the owner pays $ 4.90 per candle to purchase small
candles and $ 11.60 per candle to purchase large candles. Therefore, the owner pays 4.90𝑠 dollars for 𝑠 small candles
and 11.60𝑙 dollars for 𝑙 large candles, which means the owner pays a total of 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 dollars to purchase
candles. It’s given that the owner budgets $ 2,200 to purchase candles. Therefore, 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≤ 2,200. It’s also
given that the owner must purchase a minimum of 200 candles. Therefore, 𝑠 + 𝑙 ≥ 200. The inequalities
4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≤ 2,200 and 𝑠 + 𝑙 ≥ 200 can be combined into one compound inequality by rewriting the second
inequality so that its left-hand side is equivalent to the left-hand side of the first inequality. Subtracting 𝑙 from both
sides of the inequality 𝑠 + 𝑙 ≥ 200 yields 𝑠 ≥ 200 - 𝑙. Multiplying both sides of this inequality by 4.90 yields
4.90𝑠 ≥ 4.90200 - 𝑙, or 4.90𝑠 ≥ 980 - 4.90𝑙. Adding 11.60𝑙 to both sides of this inequality yields
4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≥ 980 - 4 . 90𝑙 + 11 . 60𝑙, or 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≥ 980 + 6.70𝑙. This inequality can be combined with the
inequality 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≤ 2,200, which yields the compound inequality 980 + 6.70𝑙 ≤ 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≤ 2,200. It follows
that 980 + 6.70𝑙 ≤ 2,200. Subtracting 980 from both sides of this inequality yields 6.70𝑙 ≤ 2,200. Dividing both sides of
this inequality by 6.70 yields approximately 𝑙 ≤ 182.09. Since the number of large candles the owner purchases must be
a whole number, the maximum number of large candles the owner can purchase is the largest whole number less than
182.09, which is 182.

Question ID 1cc52a1f

two variables
ID: 1cc52a1f
A certain apprentice has enrolled in hours of training courses. The equation

represents this situation, where is the number of on-site training courses and is the number of online
training courses this apprentice has enrolled in. How many more hours does each online training course
take than each on-site training course?
ID: 1cc52a1f Answer

Correct Answer: 5
Rationale
The correct answer is 5. It's given that the equation 10𝑥 + 15𝑦 = 85 represents the situation, where 𝑥 is the number of
on-site training courses, 𝑦 is the number of online training courses, and 85 is the total number of hours of training
courses the apprentice has enrolled in. Therefore, 10𝑥 represents the number of hours the apprentice has enrolled in
on-site training courses, and 15𝑦 represents the number of hours the apprentice has enrolled in online training courses.
Since 𝑥 is the number of on-site training courses and 𝑦 is the number of online training courses the apprentice has
enrolled in, 10 is the number of hours each on-site course takes and 15 is the number of hours each online course
takes. Subtracting these numbers gives 15 - 10, or 5 more hours each online training course takes than each on-site
training course.

Question ID d609d1ce

two variables
ID: d609d1ce
Line is defined by . Line is perpendicular to line in the xy-plane. What is the slope
of line ?
ID: d609d1ce Answer

Correct Answer: .1764, .1765, 3/17
Rationale
3
. It’s given that line 𝑗 is perpendicular to line 𝑘 in the xy-plane. This means that the slope of line
17
𝑗 is the negative reciprocal of the slope of line 𝑘. The equation of line 𝑘, 𝑦 = - 𝑥 + 5, is written in slope-intercept form
3
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the line and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line. It follows that the
17
slope of line 𝑘 is - . The negative reciprocal of a number is -1 divided by the number. Therefore, the negative reciprocal
3
17 -1 3 3
of - 3 is 17 , or 17
. Thus, the slope of line 𝑗 is 17
. Note that 3/17, .1764, .1765, and 0.176 are examples of ways to enter a
-
3
correct answer.

Question ID e35e5a7e
ID: e35e5a7e
The graph of is shown.
Which equation defines the linear function ?

A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: e35e5a7e Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. The graph of a line in the xy-plane can be represented by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the
slope of the line and 0, 𝑏 is the y-intercept. The slope of a line that passes through the points 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 can be
𝑦2 - 𝑦1
calculated using the formula 𝑚 = . The line shown passes through the points -1, - 2 and 0, - 4. Substituting -1, - 2
𝑥2 - 𝑥1
𝑦2 - 𝑦1 -4 - -2 -2
and 0, 4 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , respectively, in the formula 𝑚 = 𝑥2 - 𝑥1
yields 𝑚 = 0 - -1
, which is equivalent to 𝑚 = 1
, or
𝑚 = - 2. Since the line shown passes through the point 0, - 4, it follows that 𝑏 = - 4. Substituting -2 for 𝑚 and -4 for 𝑏 in
the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = - 2𝑥 - 4. It’s given that the graph shown is the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 - 11. Substituting
-2𝑥 - 4 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 - 11 yields -2𝑥 - 4 = 𝑓𝑥 - 11. Adding 11 to both sides of this equation yields
-2𝑥 + 7 = 𝑓𝑥. Therefore, the equation 𝑓𝑥 = - 2𝑥 + 7 defines the linear function 𝑓.

Question ID ac7cddee

two variables
ID: ac7cddee
When line is graphed in the xy-plane, it has an x-intercept of and a y-intercept of .

What is the slope of line ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: ac7cddee Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It's given that when line 𝑛 is graphed in the xy-plane, it has an x-intercept of -4, 0 and a y-intercept of
86
0, . The slope, 𝑚, of a line can be found using any two points on the line, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , and the slope formula
3
86
𝑦2 - 𝑦1 86 -0
𝑚= . Substituting the points -4, 0 and 0, for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , respectively, in the slope formula yields 𝑚 = 3
𝑥2 - 𝑥1 3 0 - -4
43 43
, or 𝑚= .
6
Therefore, the slope of line 𝑛 is 6
.
86
Choice B is incorrect. This is the slope of a line that has an x-intercept of , 0 and a y-intercept of 0, - 4.
3

Question ID 8c6982c3
ID: 8c6982c3
If and , what is the value of ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 8c6982c3 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. The value of 𝑓 ( 2 ) can be found by substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥 + 7, which
yields 𝑓2 = 2 + 7, or 𝑓2 = 9. The value of 𝑔2 can be found by substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation 𝑔𝑥 = 7𝑥, which
yields 𝑔2 = 72, or 𝑔2 = 14. The value of the expression 4𝑓2 - 𝑔2 can be found by substituting the corresponding values
into the expression, which gives 4 ( 9 ) − 14. This expression is equivalent to 36 - 14, or 22.
Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑓2 - 𝑔2, not 4𝑓2 - 𝑔2.
Choice B is incorrect and may result from calculating 4𝑓2 as 4 ( 2 ) + 7, rather than
4(2 + 7).

Question ID 90c618a3

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 90c618a3
ID: 90c618a3 Answer

Correct Answer: 8
Rationale
The correct answer is 8. The given system of equations can be solved using the elimination method. Multiplying both
sides of the second equation in the given system by -2 yields -2𝑡𝑦 = - 1 - 4𝑥, or -1 - 4𝑥 = - 2𝑡𝑦. Adding this equation to
the first equation in the given system, 4𝑥 - 6𝑦 = 10𝑦 + 2, yields 4𝑥 - 6𝑦 + -1 - 4𝑥 = 10𝑦 + 2 + -2𝑡𝑦, or
-1 - 6𝑦 = 10𝑦 - 2𝑡𝑦 + 2. Subtracting 10𝑦 from both sides of this equation yields -1 - 6𝑦 - 10𝑦 = 10𝑦 - 2𝑡𝑦 + 2 - 10𝑦, or
-1 - 16𝑦 = - 2𝑡𝑦 + 2. If the given system has no solution, then the equation -1 - 16𝑦 = - 2𝑡𝑦 + 2 has no solution. If this
equation has no solution, the coefficients of 𝑦 on each side of the equation, -16 and -2𝑡, must be equal, which yields the
equation -16 = - 2𝑡. Dividing both sides of this equation by -2 yields 8 = 𝑡. Thus, if the system has no solution, the
value of 𝑡 is 8.
Alternate approach: A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines represented
by the equations in the xy-plane are parallel and distinct. Lines represented by equations in the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶,
where 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 are constant terms, are parallel if the ratio of the x-coefficients is equal to the ratio of the y-
coefficients, and distinct if the ratio of the x-coefficients are not equal to the ratio of the constant terms. Subtracting
10𝑦 from both sides of the first equation in the given system yields 4𝑥 - 6𝑦 - 10𝑦 = 10𝑦 + 2 - 10𝑦, or 4𝑥 - 16𝑦 = 2.
1 1
Subtracting 2𝑥 from both sides of the second equation in the given system yields 𝑡𝑦 - 2𝑥 = 2 + 2𝑥 - 2𝑥, or -2𝑥 + 𝑡𝑦 = 2 .
2 1 𝑡
The ratio of the x-coefficients for these equations is - 4 , or - 2 . The ratio of the y-coefficients for these equations is - 16 .
1
1 1
The ratio of the constant terms for these equations is 2, or . Since the ratio of the x-coefficients, - , is not equal to the
2 4 2
1
ratio of the constants, 4 , the lines represented by the equations are distinct. Setting the ratio of the x-coefficients equal
1 𝑡 1 𝑡
to the ratio of the y-coefficients yields - = - . Multiplying both sides of this equation by -16 yields - -16 = - -16, or
2 16 2 16
𝑡 = 8. Therefore, when 𝑡 = 8, the lines represented by these equations are parallel. Thus, if the system has no solution,
the value of 𝑡 is 8.

Question ID e2b60318

two variables
ID: e2b60318
Line is defined by . Line is perpendicular to line in the xy-plane. What is the slope of
line ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: e2b60318 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that line 𝑟 is perpendicular to line 𝑝 in the xy-plane. This means that the slope of line 𝑟 is
the negative reciprocal of the slope of line 𝑝. If the equation for line 𝑝 is rewritten in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏,
where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are constants, then 𝑚 is the slope of the line and 0, 𝑏 is its y-intercept. Subtracting 18𝑥 from both sides
9
of the equation 2𝑦 + 18𝑥 = 9 yields 2𝑦 = -18𝑥 + 9. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields 𝑦 = -9𝑥 + . It 2
follows that the slope of line 𝑝 is -9. The negative reciprocal of a number is -1 divided by the number. Therefore, the
-1 1 1
negative reciprocal of -9 is -9
, or 9 . Thus, the slope of line 𝑟 is 9 .
Choice A is incorrect. This is the slope of line 𝑝, not line 𝑟.
Choice B is incorrect. This is the reciprocal, not the negative reciprocal, of the slope of line 𝑝.
Choice D is incorrect. This is the negative, not the negative reciprocal, of the slope of line 𝑝.

Question ID 28c92268

two variables
ID: 28c92268
A total of squares each have side length . A total of equilateral triangles each have side length .
None of these squares and triangles shares a side. The sum of the perimeters of all these squares and
triangles is . Which equation represents this situation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 28c92268 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that a total of 2 squares each have side length 𝑟. Therefore, each of the squares has
perimeter 4𝑟. Since there are a total of 2 squares, the sum of the perimeters of these squares is 4𝑟 + 4𝑟, which is
equivalent to 24𝑟, or 8𝑟. It’s also given that a total of 6 equilateral triangles each have side length 𝑡. Therefore, each of
the equilateral triangles has perimeter 3𝑡. Since there are a total of 6 equilateral triangles, the sum of the perimeters of
these triangles is 3𝑡 + 3𝑡 + 3𝑡 + 3𝑡 + 3𝑡 + 3𝑡, which is equivalent to 63𝑡, or 18𝑡. Since the sum of the perimeters of the
squares is 8𝑟 and the sum of the perimeters of the triangles is 18𝑡, the sum of the perimeters of all these squares and
triangles is 8𝑟 + 18𝑡. It’s given that the sum of the perimeters of all these squares and triangles is 210. Therefore, the
equation 8𝑟 + 18𝑡 = 210 represents this situation.

Question ID a8e43ae3

two variables
ID: a8e43ae3
The graph of is shown. Which equation defines function ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: a8e43ae3 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. An equation for the graph shown can be written in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the
slope of the graph and its y-intercept is 0, 𝑏. Since the y-intercept of the graph shown is 0, 2, the value of 𝑏 is 2. Since the
1-2 1 1
graph also passes through the point 4, 1, the slope can be calculated as 4-0
, or - 4 . Therefore, the value of 𝑚 is - 4 .
1 1
Substituting - 4 for 𝑚 and 2 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = - 4
𝑥 + 2. It’s given that an equation for the graph
1 1
shown is 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 + 14. Substituting 𝑓𝑥 + 14 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = - 4 𝑥 + 2 yields 𝑓𝑥 + 14 = - 4 𝑥 + 2. Subtracting 14
1
from both sides of this equation yields 𝑓𝑥 = - 4 𝑥 - 12.

Question ID beb54560

two variables
ID: beb54560
Line is defined by . Line is perpendicular to line in the xy-plane. What is the slope of
line ?
ID: beb54560 Answer

Correct Answer: .5, 1/2
Rationale
1
The correct answer is 2 . For an equation in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, 𝑚 represents the slope of the line in the xy-
plane defined by this equation. It's given that line 𝑝 is defined by 4𝑦 + 8𝑥 = 6. Subtracting 8𝑥 from both sides of this
8 6 3
equation yields 4𝑦 = - 8𝑥 + 6. Dividing both sides of this equation by 4 yields 𝑦 = - 𝑥 + , or 𝑦 = - 2𝑥 + . Thus, the
4 4 2
slope of line 𝑝 is -2. If line 𝑟 is perpendicular to line 𝑝, then the slope of line 𝑟 is the negative reciprocal of the slope of
1 1
line 𝑝. The negative reciprocal of -2 is - = 2 . Note that 1/2 and .5 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.
-2

Question ID c3c9b8bc
ID: c3c9b8bc
The graph represents the total charge, in dollars, by an electrician for hours of work. The electrician
charges a onetime fee plus an hourly rate. What is the best interpretation of the slope of the graph?
A. The electrician’s hourly rate
B. The electrician’s onetime fee
C. The maximum amount that the electrician charges
D. The total amount that the electrician charges
ID: c3c9b8bc Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that the electrician charges a onetime fee plus an hourly rate. It's also given that the graph
represents the total charge, in dollars, for 𝑥 hours of work. This graph shows a linear relationship in the xy-plane. Thus,
the total charge 𝑦, in dollars, for 𝑥 hours of work can be represented as 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope and 0, 𝑏 is the
y-intercept of the graph of the equation in the xy-plane. Since the given graph represents the total charge, in dollars, by
an electrician for 𝑥 hours of work, it follows that its slope is 𝑚, or the electrician’s hourly rate.
Choice B is incorrect. The electrician's onetime fee is represented by the y-coordinate of the y-intercept, not the slope, of
the graph.
Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.
Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question ID c73c84cc

two variables
ID: c73c84cc
The graph of is translated down units in the xy-plane. What is the x-coordinate of the
x-intercept of the resulting graph?
ID: c73c84cc Answer

Correct Answer: 59/9, 6.555, 6.556
Rationale
59
. When the graph of an equation in the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, where 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 are constants, is
translated down 𝑘 units in the xy-plane, the resulting graph can be represented by the equation 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝑘 = 𝐶. It’s
given that the graph of 9𝑥 - 10𝑦 = 19 is translated down 4 units in the xy-plane. Therefore, the resulting graph can be
represented by the equation 9𝑥 - 10𝑦 + 4 = 19, or 9𝑥 - 10𝑦 - 40 = 19. Adding 40 to both sides of this equation yields
9𝑥 - 10𝑦 = 59. The x-coordinate of the x-intercept of the graph of an equation in the xy-plane is the value of 𝑥 in the
equation when 𝑦 = 0. Substituting 0 for 𝑦 in the equation 9𝑥 - 10𝑦 = 59 yields 9𝑥 - 100 = 59, or 9𝑥 = 59. Dividing both
59 59
sides of this equation by 9 yields 𝑥 = 9 . Therefore, the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of the resulting graph is 9 . Note
that 59/9, 6.555, and 6.556 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question ID 35978b89

two variables
ID: 35978b89
The point with coordinates lies on the line shown. What is the value of ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 35978b89 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It's given from the graph that the points 0, 7 and 8, 0 lie on the line. For two points on a line, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1
𝑦2 - 𝑦1
and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , the slope of the line can be calculated using the slope formula 𝑚 = 𝑥2 - 𝑥1
. Substituting 0, 7 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 8, 0
0-7 7
for 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 in this formula, the slope of the line can be calculated as 𝑚 = 8-0
, or 𝑚 = - 8 . It's also given that the point 𝑑, 4
7 7 0-4 7 -4
lies on the line. Substituting 𝑑, 4 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , 8, 0 for 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , and - for 𝑚 in the slope formula yields - = , or - = .
8 8 8-𝑑 8 8-𝑑
7
Multiplying both sides of this equation by 8 - 𝑑 yields -88 - 𝑑 = - 4. Expanding the left-hand side of this equation yields
7 7 8
-7 + 8 𝑑 = - 4. Adding 7 to both sides of this equation yields 8 𝑑 = 3. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 7
yields
24 24
𝑑=
7
. Thus, the value of 𝑑 is 7
.
Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑦 when 𝑥 = 4.

Question ID c4fb1cb3

in one or two
variables
ID: c4fb1cb3
A truck can haul a maximum weight of pounds. During one trip, the truck will be used to haul a
-pound piece of equipment as well as several crates. Some of these crates weigh pounds each
and the others weigh pounds each. Which inequality represents the possible combinations of the
number of -pound crates, , and the number of -pound crates, , the truck can haul during one trip
if only the piece of equipment and the crates are being hauled?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: c4fb1cb3 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It's given that a truck can haul a maximum of 5,630 pounds. It's also given that during one trip, the
truck will be used to haul a 190-pound piece of equipment as well as several crates. It follows that the truck can haul at
most 5,630 - 190, or 5,440, pounds of crates. Since 𝑥 represents the number of 25-pound crates, the expression 25𝑥
represents the weight of the 25-pound crates. Since 𝑦 represents the number of 62-pound crates, 62𝑦 represents the
weight of the 62-pound crates. Therefore, 25𝑥 + 62𝑦 represents the total weight of the crates the truck can haul. Since
the truck can haul at most 5,440 pounds of crates, the total weight of the crates must be less than or equal to 5,440
pounds, or 25𝑥 + 62𝑦 ≤ 5,440.
Choice B is incorrect. This represents the possible combinations of the number of 25-pound crates, 𝑥, and the number
of 62-pound crates, 𝑦, the truck can haul during one trip if it can haul a minimum, not a maximum, of 5,630 pounds.
Choice C is incorrect. This represents the possible combinations of the number of 62-pound crates, 𝑥, and the number
of 25-pound crates, 𝑦, the truck can haul during one trip if only crates are being hauled.
Choice D is incorrect. This represents the possible combinations of the number of 62-pound crates, 𝑥, and the number
of 25-pound crates, 𝑦, the truck can haul during one trip if it can haul a minimum, not a maximum, weight of 5,630
pounds and only crates are being hauled.
Question ID e34403e6
ID: e34403e6
In the linear function , and . Which equation defines ?

A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: e34403e6 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. Since 𝑓 is a linear function, it can be defined by an equation of the form 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑎 and 𝑏
are constants. It's given that 𝑓0 = 8. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and 8 for 𝑓𝑥 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 8 = 𝑎0 + 𝑏, or
8 = 𝑏. Substituting 8 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8. It's given that 𝑓1 = 12. Substituting 1 for 𝑥
and 12 for 𝑓𝑥 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8 yields 12 = 𝑎1 + 8, or 12 = 𝑎 + 8. Subtracting 8 from both sides of this
equation yields 𝑎 = 4. Substituting 4 for 𝑎 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8 yields 𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 8. Therefore, an equation that
defines 𝑓 is 𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 8.

Question ID 9a67367f

two variables
ID: 9a67367f
The table gives the coordinates of two points on a line in the xy-plane. The y-intercept of the line is
, where and are constants. What is the value of ?
ID: 9a67367f Answer

Correct Answer: 33
Rationale
The correct answer is 33. It’s given in the table that the coordinates of two points on a line in the xy-plane are ( 𝑘, 13 )
and ( 𝑘 + 7, - 15 ) . The y-intercept is another point on the line. The slope computed using any pair of points from the
line will be the same. The slope of a line, 𝑚, between any two points, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , on the line can be calculated
𝑦 -𝑦
using the slope formula, 𝑚 = 2 1 . It follows that the slope of the line with the given points from the table, ( 𝑘, 13 )
𝑥2 - 𝑥1
-15 - 13 -28
and ( 𝑘 + 7, - 15 ) , is 𝑚 = 𝑘+7-𝑘
, which is equivalent to 𝑚 = 7
, or 𝑚 = - 4. It's given that the y-intercept of the line is
( 𝑘 - 5, 𝑏 ) . Substituting -4 for 𝑚 and the coordinates of the points ( 𝑘 - 5, 𝑏 ) and ( 𝑘, 13 ) into the slope formula yields
13 - 𝑏 13 - 𝑏 13 - 𝑏
-4 = , which is equivalent to -4 = , or -4 = . Multiplying both sides of this equation by 5 yields
𝑘-𝑘-5 𝑘-𝑘+5 5
-20 = 13 - 𝑏. Subtracting 13 from both sides of this equation yields -33 = - 𝑏. Dividing both sides of this equation by -1
yields 𝑏 = 33. Therefore, the value of 𝑏 is 33.

Question ID db8d42ba

in one or two
variables
ID: db8d42ba
The minimum value of is less than times another number . Which inequality shows the possible
values of ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: db8d42ba Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that the minimum value of 𝑥 is 12 less than 6 times another number 𝑛. Therefore, the
possible values of 𝑥 are all greater than or equal to the value of 12 less than 6 times 𝑛. The value of 6 times 𝑛 is given
by the expression 6𝑛. The value of 12 less than 6𝑛 is given by the expression 6𝑛 - 12. Therefore, the possible values of 𝑥
are all greater than or equal to 6𝑛 - 12. This can be shown by the inequality 𝑥 ≥ 6𝑛 - 12.
Choice A is incorrect. This inequality shows the possible values of 𝑥 if the maximum, not the minimum, value of 𝑥 is 12
less than 6 times 𝑛.
Choice C is incorrect. This inequality shows the possible values of 𝑥 if the maximum, not the minimum, value of 𝑥 is 6
times 𝑛 less than 12, not 12 less than 6 times 𝑛.
Choice D is incorrect. This inequality shows the possible values of 𝑥 if the minimum value of 𝑥 is 6 times 𝑛 less than 12,
not 12 less than 6 times 𝑛.

Question ID 5363dc9a
ID: 5363dc9a
Brian saves of the he earns each week from his job. If Brian continues to save at this rate, how
much money, in dollars, will Brian save in weeks?
ID: 5363dc9a Answer

Correct Answer: 774
Rationale
2
The correct answer is 774. It's given that Brian saves 5
of the $ 215 he earns each week from his job. Therefore, Brian
2
saves 5
$ 215, or $ 86, per week. If Brian continues to save at this rate of $ 86 per week for 9 weeks, then he will save a
total of 986, or 774, dollars.

Question ID efaeaf88

linear equations in
two variables
ID: efaeaf88
ID: efaeaf88 Answer

Correct Answer: 20
Rationale
The correct answer is 20. Adding the first equation to the second equation in the given system yields
5𝑦 - 5𝑦 = 10𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 11 - 21, or 0 = 15𝑥 - 10. Adding 10 to both sides of this equation yields 10 = 15𝑥. Multiplying both
sides of this equation by 2 yields 20 = 30𝑥. Therefore, the value of 30𝑥 is 20.

Question ID 518befa8

linear equations in
two variables
ID: 518befa8
Which of the following systems of linear equations has no solution?

A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 518befa8 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the graphs of the lines
represented by the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. The graphs of two lines in the xy-plane
represented by equations in slope-intercept form, 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are constants, are parallel if their slopes,
𝑚, are the same and are distinct if their y-coordinates of the y-intercepts, 𝑏, are different. In the equations 𝑦 = 16𝑥 + 3
and 𝑦 = 16𝑥 + 19, the values of 𝑚 are each 16, and the values of 𝑏 are 3 and 19, respectively. Since the slopes of these
lines are the same, and the y-coordinates of the y-intercepts are different, it follows that the system of linear equations
in choice C has no solution.
Choice A is incorrect. The lines represented by the equations in this system are a vertical line and a horizontal line.
Therefore, this system has a solution, 3, 5, rather than no solution.
Choice B is incorrect. The two lines represented by these equations have different slopes and the same y-coordinate of
the y-intercept. Therefore, this system has a solution, 0, 6, rather than no solution.
Choice D is incorrect. The two lines represented by these equations are a horizontal line and a line with a slope of 5 that
have the same y-coordinate of the y-intercept. Therefore, this system has a solution, 0, 5, rather than no solution.

Question ID 95cc0b50

two variables
ID: 95cc0b50
The graph of in the -plane has an -intercept at and a -intercept at ,

where and are constants. What is the value of ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 95cc0b50 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. The x-coordinate 𝑎 of the x-intercept 𝑎, 0 can be found by substituting 0 for 𝑦 in the given equation,
31
which gives 7𝑥 + 20 = - 31, or 7𝑥 = - 31. Dividing both sides of this equation by 7 yields 𝑥 = - . Therefore, the value 7
31
of 𝑎 is - 7 . The y-coordinate 𝑏 of the y-intercept 0, 𝑏 can be found by substituting 0 for 𝑥 in the given equation, which
31
gives 70 + 2𝑦 = - 31, or 2𝑦 = - 31. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields 𝑦 = - . Therefore, the value of 𝑏 is
2
31
31 𝑏 - 31 7 7
- 2 . It follows that the value of 2
𝑎
is 31 , which is equivalent to 2 31
, or 2 .
-
7

Question ID e4db4454

two variables
ID: e4db4454
Line is defined by . Line is perpendicular to line in the xy-plane. What is the

slope of line ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: e4db4454 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
1 1
Choice D is correct. It’s given that line ℎ is defined by 5 𝑥 + 7 𝑦 - 70 = 0. This equation can be written in slope-intercept
form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of line ℎ and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of line ℎ. Adding 70 to both
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
sides of 𝑥 + 𝑦 - 70 = 0 yields 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 70. Subtracting 𝑥 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑦 = - 𝑥 + 70.
5 7 5 7 5 7 5
7 7
Multiplying both sides of this equation by 7 yields 𝑦 = - 𝑥 + 490. Therefore, the slope of line ℎ is - . It’s given that line 𝑗
5 5
is perpendicular to line ℎ in the xy-plane. Two lines are perpendicular if their slopes are negative reciprocals, meaning
that the slope of the first line is equal to -1 divided by the slope of the second line. Therefore, the slope of line 𝑗 is the
7 -1 5 5
negative reciprocal of the slope of line ℎ. The negative reciprocal of - 5 is 7, or 7 . Therefore, the slope of line 𝑗 is 7 .
-
5
Choice A is incorrect. This is the slope of a line in the xy-plane that is parallel, not perpendicular, to line ℎ.
7
Choice B is incorrect. This is the reciprocal, not the negative reciprocal, of - 5 .
7
Choice C is incorrect. This is the negative, not the negative reciprocal, of - 5 .

Question ID 8ac533d5

in one or two
variables
ID: 8ac533d5
A business owner plans to purchase the same model of chair for each of the employees. The total
budget to spend on these chairs is , which includes a sales tax. Which of the following is
closest to the maximum possible price per chair, before sales tax, the business owner could pay based
on this budget?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 8ac533d5 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that a business owner plans to purchase 81 chairs. If 𝑝 is the price per chair, the total
price of purchasing 81 chairs is 81𝑝. It’s also given that 7% sales tax is included, which is equivalent to 81𝑝 multiplied
by 1.07, or 81 ( 1.07 ) 𝑝. Since the total budget is $ 14,000, the inequality representing the situation is given by
81 ( 1.07 ) 𝑝 ≤ 14,000. Dividing both sides of this inequality by 81 ( 1.07 ) and rounding the result to two decimal places
gives 𝑝 ≤ 161.53. To not exceed the budget, the maximum possible price per chair is $ 161.53.
Choice C is incorrect. This is the maximum possible price per chair including sales tax, not the maximum possible price
per chair before sales tax.
Choice D is incorrect. This is the maximum possible price if the sales tax is added to the total budget, not the maximum
possible price per chair before sales tax.

Question ID a25615ce

one variable
ID: a25615ce
A line segment that has a length of is divided into three parts. One part is
long. The other two parts have lengths that are equal to each other. What is the length, in , of
one of the other two parts of equal length?
ID: a25615ce Answer

Correct Answer: 34
Rationale
The correct answer is 34. It’s given that a line segment has a length of 115 cm and is divided into three parts, where
one part is 47 cm long and the other two parts have lengths that are equal. If 𝑥 represents the length, in cm, of each of
the two parts of equal length, then the equation 47 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 = 115, or 47 + 2𝑥 = 115, represents this situation.
Subtracting 47 from each side of this equation yields 2𝑥 = 68. Dividing each side of this equation by 2 yields 𝑥 = 34.
Therefore, the length, in cm, of one of the two parts of equal length is 34.

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Question ID 7eea65e3

Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Medium

Which of the following systems of linear equations has no solution?

ID: 7eea65e3 Answer

Question Difficulty: Medium

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium

ID: 5c1751d6 Answer

Question Difficulty: Medium

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

ID: 80f346ea Answer

Question Difficulty: Medium

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Hard

ID: c5526332 Answer

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑎 + 𝑏, not 𝑎 - 𝑏.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑎 - 2, not 𝑎 - 𝑏.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 2𝑎, not 𝑎 - 𝑏.

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Medium

What is the solution to the given system of equations?

ID: cdcfc854 Answer

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

ID: 6ee5222e Answer

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

B. The number of sides of figure B is .

C. Each side of figure A has a length of inches.

D. The number of sides of figure A is .

ID: 38f53fa4 Answer

Choice B is incorrect. The number of sides of figure B is 𝑦, not 6.

Choice D is incorrect. The number of sides of figure A is 𝑥, not 6.

Question Difficulty: Medium

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

ID: 9609a243 Answer

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Hard

ID: 43e69f94 Answer

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

ID: 0876dbef Answer

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Medium

ID: 57e4b0b9 Answer

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

ID: 4a2f9ba8 Answer

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

ID: 252d6b8a Answer