RBI vs. TBI

Aspect Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) Time-Based Inspection (TBI)
A methodology that prioritizes inspection based on the A traditional methodology where inspections are
Definition risk posed by equipment, considering both probability of scheduled at fixed intervals, regardless of the
failure (PoF) and consequence of failure (CoF). equipment’s condition or operational risk.
Risk reduction by optimizing inspection resources on Ensuring compliance with codes and standards through
Key Focus
high-risk assets. periodic inspections.
- Risk assessment - Regulatory compliance
Primary Drivers - Asset criticality - Manufacturer’s recommendations.
- Operational history and data. - Historical inspection intervals.
1. Asset data collection. 1. Define inspection intervals based on standards.
2. Risk analysis (PoF & CoF). 2. Schedule inspections for all equipment.
Implementation Process 3. Assigning inspection priorities. 3. Conduct inspections without prioritization of risk.
4. Planning and executing inspections based on risk
levels.
Highly flexible. Inspection frequency and methods are Rigid schedule. All equipment follows the same
Flexibility
adjusted based on evolving risks. predetermined intervals, regardless of changing risks.
- Optimizes resources by focusing on high-risk assets. - Simple to implement.
- Reduces downtime for low-risk equipment. - Ensures all assets are inspected at regular intervals.
Advantages
- Integrates with predictive maintenance systems. - Satisfies regulatory and compliance requirements.
- Increases safety and reliability.
- Requires detailed asset data and significant upfront - Inefficient use of resources; low-risk equipment is
analysis. inspected unnecessarily.
- Can lead to over-maintenance or missed failures
Disadvantages - Needs specialized software and expertise.
between intervals.
- May not satisfy regulators in some industries without
- Does not account for changes in risk over time.
additional compliance inspections.
- Extensive data collection on failure mechanisms,
- Minimal data collection. Relies on historical inspection
Data Requirements operating conditions, and historical performance.
intervals and compliance with codes.
- Requires risk models and analytics.
- Fixed intervals as per regulatory standards or
- Dynamic and based on risk analysis.
manufacturer recommendations.
Inspection Interval - Typically, every 1, 3, 5, or 10 years depending on the
- High-risk assets: frequent inspections.
code.
- Low-risk assets: extended intervals.
Cost-efficient in the long term by reducing unnecessary Can be cost-inefficient due to blanket inspections
Cost Effectiveness
inspections and focusing on critical assets. without prioritization.
- Increasingly accepted by industries with RBI programs

backed by standards like API 580/581. - Universally accepted as it follows traditional
Regulatory Acceptance
- Requires supplementary compliance inspections in regulatory guidelines.
some regions.
- Industries with strict regulatory oversight (e.g.,
- Oil & Gas
nuclear, food processing).
- Refining - Small facilities without risk-based programs.
Industries Using This Method
- Petrochemicals
- Power Generation
- Offshore platforms.
- ASME, API, and local jurisdictional codes specifying
- API 580/581 (Risk-Based Inspection).
fixed inspection intervals.
Key Standards and Guidelines
- Examples: API 510 (Pressure Vessels), API 570
- ASME PCC-3 (Inspection Planning Using RBI).
(Piping).
Risk-based decision-making; inspections are planned to Time-based; inspections occur at fixed intervals
Decision-Making Process
maximize risk reduction. regardless of risk.
Integrates seamlessly with predictive maintenance,
Limited integration; relies on static schedules and
Integration with Modern Systems asset integrity management systems (AIMS), and
manual tracking.
Internet of Things (IoT).
Ideal for large, complex facilities with diverse risk Suitable for small, less complex facilities or when
Applicability
profiles and critical assets. compliance is the primary goal.
- Can lead to unnecessary wear on assets due to over-
- Prolongs asset life by focusing on actual risks.
Long-Term Impact inspection.
- Reduces unplanned downtime and improves safety. - Potential for missed failures between intervals.

RBI vs. TBI

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Aspect Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) Time-Based Inspection (TBI)

- Increasingly accepted by industries with RBI programs

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