significance-of-catalyst-in-industrial-purpose

Journal of Thermodynamics &Catalysis
Perspective
Significance of Catalyst in Industrial Purpose

Masaaki Kurasaki*
Masaaki Kurasaki, Department of Chemistry, University of Peking, Beijing, China
DESCRIPTION structures. Some types of solid catalysts are polyfunctional

catalysts, which can have various reaction ways with the
A catalyst is defined as a compound or an element that increases
reactants.
the rate of a chemical reaction. Some examples of catalysts are
iron, which is used in the Haber process, and Nickel is a Types of catalysts
chemical compound that is used to hydrogenate palm oil to
make margarine. Iron is commonly used in the manufacturing of Depending on the need or requirement of the chemical reaction,
ammonia. Some of the significant characteristic features of catalysts are classified into various types. They are as follows:
catalysts are: Positive catalysts: Positive catalysts are catalysts that increase the
• A catalyst does not start a chemical reaction. rate of a chemical reaction. It increases the rate of reaction by
lowering the activation energy barriers such that a large number
• A catalyst is not consumed during the reaction.
of reaction molecules are converted into products, thereby
• Catalysts react with reactants to form intermediates and
increasing the percentage of yield of products. Positive catalyst
to facilitate the production of the final reaction product.
example is the preparation of NH3 by Haber’s process, iron
After the complete process, a catalyst can regenerate.
oxide acts as a positive catalyst and increases the yield of
A catalyst can be liquid, solid, or gaseous. Some of the solid ammonia in spite of less reaction of nitrogen.
catalysts include metals or their oxides, including halides and
Negative catalysts: Catalysts that reduce the rate of reaction are
sulphides. Semi-metallic elements such as silicon, boron, and
referred to as "negative catalysts."It decreases the rate of reaction
aluminium are also used as catalysts. Similarly, liquid and
by increasing the activation energy barrier, which decreases the
gaseous compounds that are in a pure state are used as catalysts.
number of reactant molecules to convert into products, and
Sometimes, these catalysts are also used along with suitable
therefore the rate of reaction decreases. The examples of negative
carriers or solvents.
catalysts are the disintegration of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen
The reaction that contains a catalyst in their system is identified and water is decreased by using acetanilide, which acts as a
as a catalytic reaction. In other words, catalytic action is a negative catalyst to reduce the rate of decomposition of hydrogen
chemical reaction between the reactant and a catalyst. These peroxide.
results lead to the formation of chemical intermediates that can
Promoters or accelerators: A substance that increases the rate of
react with another reactant to form a product. However, when
reaction is known as a promoter or accelerator. The examples for
the reaction between the reactants and the chemical
promoters are molybdenum or aluminium or potassium mixed
intermediates occurs or takes place, the catalyst is restored.
together to act as promoters in Haber’s process.
In the case of solid catalysts, the reaction modes between the
Catalyst poisons or inhibitors: Substances that reduce the
catalysts and the reactants usually vary. It is more complex.
catalyst activity are known as catalyst poisons or inhibitors.
Reactions can be oxidation-reduction reactions, coordination
Examples of catalyst poisons are hydrogenation of an alkyne to
complex formation, as well as the assembly of free radicals. For
an alkene. This catalyst is also known as Lindler’s catalyst.
solid catalysts, the reaction mechanism is acid-base reactions
greatly influenced by surface properties and crystal or electronic
Correspondence to: Masaaki Kurasaki, Department of Chemistry, University of Peking, Beijing, China, E-mail: masaakik@yahoo.com
Received: 01-Jun-2022, Manuscript No. JTC-22-18726; Editor assigned: 06-Jun-2022, Pre QC No. JTC-22-18726 (PQ); Reviewed: 22-Jun-2022,
QC No. JTC-22-18726; Revised: 29-Jun-2022, Manuscript No. JTC-22-18726 (R); Published: 07-Jul-2022, DOI: 10.37532/2157-7544.22.13.305.
Citation: Kurasaki M (2022) Significance of Catalyst in Industrial Purpose. J Thermodyn Catal.13:305.
Copyright: © 2022 Kurasaki M. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
J Thermodyn Catal, Vol.13 Iss.4 No:1000305 1

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Journal of Thermodynamics &Catalysis

Significance of Catalyst in Industrial Purpose

DESCRIPTION structures. Some types of solid catalysts are polyfunctional

J Thermodyn Catal, Vol.13 Iss.4 No:1000305 1

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