Deductions allowable to tax payer FY 2024-25
Deductions allowable to tax payer FY 2024-25
Deductions allowable to tax payer FY 2024-25
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DEDUCTIONS*
[AY 2025-26]
Section Nature of deduction Who can claim
(1) (2) (3)
Against 'salaries'
16(ia) Standard Deduction Individual – Salaried
(a) In case of normal tax regime - Rs. 50,000 or the Employee & Pensioners
amount of salary, whichever is lower;
(b) In case of new tax regime under section 115BAC - Up
to Rs. 75,000 or the amount of salary, whichever is
lower
16(ii) Entertainment allowance [actual or at the rate of 1/5th of Government employees
salary, whichever is less] [limited to Rs. 5,000]
16(iii) Employment tax Salaried assessees
Against 'income from house properties'
23(1), first Taxes levied by local authority and borne by owner if paid in All assessees
proviso relevant previous year
24(a) Standard deduction [30% of the annual value (gross annual All assessees
value less municipal taxes)]
24(b) Interest on borrowed capital (Rs. 30,000/Rs. 2,00,000, subject All assessees
to specified conditions)
25A(2) Standard deduction of 30 per cent of arrears of rent or All assessees
unrealised rent received
Against 'profits and gains of business or profession'
A. Deductible items
30 Rent, rates, taxes, repairs (excluding capital expenditure) and All assessees
insurance for premises
31 Repairs (excluding capital expenditure) and insurance of All assessees
machinery, plant and furniture
32(1)(i) Depreciation1 in respect of following assets shall be allowed Taxpayer engaged in business
at prescribed percentage on actual cost of an asset (i.e., of generation or generation and
Straight Line Method): distribution of power.
i. Tangible Assets (buildings, machinery, plant or
furniture);
ii. Intangible Assets (know-how, patents, copyrights,
trademarks, licenses, franchises, or any other business
or commercial rights of similar nature not being
goodwill of business or profession).
However, if asset is acquired and put to use for less than 180
days during the previous year, the deduction shall be
restricted to 50% of depreciation computed above.
Note:
Taxpayers engaged in business of generation or generation
and distribution of power have the option to claim
depreciation on written down value basis also
32(1)(ii) Depreciation1 in respect of following assets shall be allowed All assessees engaged in
at prescribed percentage on written down value of each block business or profession
of asset (as per WDV method):
i. Tangible Assets (buildings, machinery, plant or
furniture);
ii. Intangible Assets (know-how, patents, copyrights,
trademarks, licenses, franchises, or any other business
or commercial rights of similar nature not being
goodwill of business or profession).
However, if asset is acquired and put to use for less than 180
days during the previous year, the deduction shall be
restricted to 50% of depreciation computed above.
32(1)(iia) Additional depreciation shall be allowed at 20% of actual cost All taxpayers engaged in:
of new plant and machinery [other than ships, aircraft, office a) manufacture or production
appliances, second hand plant or machinery, etc.] (Subject to of any article or thing; or
certain conditions). b) generation, transmission
However, if an asset is acquired and put to use for less than or distribution of power
180 days during the previous year, 50% of additional (if taxpayer is not
depreciation shall be allowed in year of acquisition and claiming depreciation on
balance 50% would be allowed in the next year. straight line basis ).
32AC Investment allowance shall be allowed at 15% of actual cost Company engaged in business
of new asset acquired and installed by a company engaged in of manufacturing or production
business or manufacturing or production of any article or of any article or thing.
thing (Subject to certain conditions)
Note:
Deduction shall be available if actual cost of new plant and
machinery acquired and installed by the company during the
previous year exceeds Rs. 25/100 Crores, as the case may be
35(2AB)26 100% of any expenditure incurred by a company on scientific Company engaged in business
research (including capital expenditure other than on land and of bio-technology or in any
building) on in-house scientific research and development business of manufacturing or
facilities as approved by the prescribed authorities shall be production of eligible articles
allowed as deduction (Subject to certain conditions). or things
Note:
Company should enter into an agreement with the prescribed
authority for co-operation in such research and development
and fulfils such conditions with regard to maintenance of
accounts and audit thereof and furnishing of reports in such
manner as may be prescribed;
35ABA Capital expenditure incurred and actually paid for acquiring All Assessee engaged in
any right to use spectrum for telecommunication services telecommunication services
shall be allowed as deduction over the useful life of the
spectrum in equal instalments
35ABB Expenditure incurred for obtaining licence to operate All assessees
telecommunication services either before commencement of
such business or thereafter at any time during any previous
year
35AD Capital expenditure incurred, wholly and exclusively, for the All assessees
purpose of any specified business [setting up and operating a
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cold chain facility; setting up and operating a warehousing Note: Such deduction is
facility for storage of agricultural produce; laying and available to Indian company in
operating a cross-country natural gas or crude or petroleum case of following business,
oil pipeline network for distribution, including storage namely;-
facilities being an integral part of such network; building and i) Business of laying and
operating, anywhere in India, a hotel of two-star or above operating a cross-country
category as classified by the Central Government; building natural gas or crude or
and operating, anywhere in India, a hospital with at least one petroleum oil pipeline
hundred beds for patients; developing and building a notified network.
housing project under a scheme for slum redevelopment or ii) Developing or
rehabilitation framed by the Government, as the case may be, maintaining and
in accordance with prescribed guidelines; developing and
operating or developing,
building a notified housing project under a scheme for maintaining and
affordable housing framed by the Government, as the case
operating a new
may be, in accordance with prescribed guidelines; production infrastructure facility.
of fertilizer in India; setting up and operating an inland
container depot or a container freight station which is
approved/notified under the Customs Act, 1962; bee-keeping
and production of honey and beeswax; and setting up and
operating a warehousing facility for storage of sugar. Lying
and operating a slurry pipeline for the transportation of iron
ore; setting-up and operating a notified semi-conductor wafer
fabrication manufacturing unit; developing or maintaining
and operating or developing, maintaining and operating a new
infrastructure facility4, carried on by the assessee during the
previous year in which such expenditure is incurred (subject
to certain conditions)
Note: No deduction of any capital expenditure above Rs
10,000 shall be allowed where such expenditure is incurred
otherwise than by an account payee cheque drawn on a bank
or an account payee bank draft or use of electronic clearing
system through a bank account or through such other
electronic mode as may be prescribed.
35CCA Payment to associations/institutions for carrying out rural All assessees
development programmes (subject to certain conditions)
35CCC 100% of expenditure on notified agricultural extension All assessees
project (subject to certain conditions)
35CCD 100% of expenditure on notified skill development project A company
(subject to certain conditions)
35D Amortisation of certain preliminary expenses [deductible in 5 Indian companies and resident
equal annual instalments] (subject to certain conditions) non-corporate assessees
35DD Amortisation of expenditure incurred after 31-3-1999 in case Indian Company
of amalgamation or demerger in the hands of an Indian
company (one-fifth of such expenditure for 5 successive
previous years) (subject to certain conditions)
35DDA Amortisation of expenditure incurred under voluntary All assessees
retirement scheme in 5 equal annual instalments starting with
the year when the expenditure is incurred
35E Expenditure on prospecting, etc., for certain minerals Indian companies and resident
[deductible in ten equal annual instalments] (subject to certain non-corporate assessees
conditions) engaged in prospecting, etc.,
for minerals
company/co-operative bank
other than a primary
agricultural credit society or a
primary co-operative
agricultural and rural
development bank/housing
finance company/any other
financial corporation including
a public company
36(1)(ix) Expenditure for promoting family planning amongst Companies
employees (deductible in 5 equal annual instalments in case
of capital expenditure)
36(1)(xii) Any expenditure (not being in the nature of capital Notified corporation or body
expenditure) incurred by a notified corporation or body corporate, by whatever name
corporate, by whatever name called, constituted or called, constituted or
established by a Central, State or Provincial Act, for the established by a Central, State
objects and purposes authorised by the Act under which such or Provincial Act
corporation or body corporate was constituted or established
36(1)(xiv) Contribution to notified credit guarantee trust fund for small Public financial institution
industries
36(1)(xv) Securities Transaction Tax paid if corresponding income is All assessees
included as income under the head 'Profits and gains of
business or profession'
36(1)(xvi) Amount equal to commodities transaction tax paid by an All assessees
assessee in respect of taxable commodities transactions
entered into in the course of his business during the previous
year, if the income arising from such transactions is included
in the income computed under the head "Profits and gains of
business or profession"
36(1)(xvii) Amount of expenditure incurred by a co-operative society for Co-operative society engaged
purchase of sugarcane shall be allowed as deduction to the in business of manufacturing
extent of lower of following: sugar
a) Actual purchase price of sugarcane; or
b) Price of sugarcane fixed or approved by the Government
36(1)(xviii) Marked to market loss or other expected loss as computed in All Assessees
accordance with the ICDS notified under section 145(2)
37(1) Any other expenditure [not being personal or capital All assessees
expenditure and expenditure mentioned in sections 30 to 36]
laid out wholly and exclusively for purposes of business or
profession5
B. Non-deductible items
37(2B) Advertisement in souvenir, brochure, tract, pamphlet, etc., of All assessees
political party
40(a)(i) Interest, royalty, fees for technical services or other All assessees
chargeable sum payable outside India, or in India to a non-
resident or foreign company, on which tax has not been
deducted or after deduction, has not been paid on or before
the due date of filing of return under section 139(1). Where in
respect of any such sum, tax has been deducted in any
subsequent year or, has been deducted in the previous year
but paid in any subsequent year after the expiry of the time
prescribed under sub-section (1) of section 139, such sum
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Notes:
1. Deduction is limited to whole of the amount paid or deposited subject to a maximum of Rs. 1,50,00012.
This maximum limit of Rs. 1,50,00012 is the aggregate of the deduction that may be claimed under
sections 80C, 80CCC and 80CCD.
2. The sums paid or deposited need not be out of income chargeable to tax of the previous year. Amount
may be paid or deposited any time during the previous year, but the deduction shall be available on so
much of the aggregate of sums as do not exceed the total income chargeable to tax during the previous
year.
3. Life Insurance premium is part of gross qualifying amount for the purpose of deduction under section
80C. Payment of premium which is in excess of 10 per cent (if policy is issued on or after 1-4-2013,
15% in case of insurance on life of person with disability referred to in section 80U or suffering from
disease or ailment specified in section 80DDB/rule 11DD) of actual capital sum assured shall not be
included in gross qualifying amount. The value of any premiums agreed to be returned or of any benefit
by way of bonus or otherwise, over and above the sum actually assured, which is to be or may be
received under the policy by any person, shall not be taken into account for the purpose of calculating
the actual capital sum assured.
The limit of 10 per cent will be applicable only in the case of policies issued on or after 1-4-2012. In
respect of policies issued prior to 1-4-2012, the old limit of 20 per cent of actual sum assured will be
applicable.
With effect from 1-4-2013, 'actual capital sum assured' in relation to a life insurance policy shall mean
the minimum amount assured under the policy on happening of the insured event at any time during the
term of the policy, not taking into account—
(i) the value of any premium agreed to be returned; or
(ii) any benefit by way of bonus or otherwise over and above the sum actually assured, which is to be
or may be received under the policy by any person.
4. Where, in any previous year, an assessee—
(i) terminates his contract of insurance, by notice to that effect or where the contract ceases to be in
force by reason of failure to pay any premium, by not reviving contract of insurance,—
(a) in case of any single premium policy, within two years after the date of commencement of
insurance; or
(b) in any other case, before premiums have been paid for two years; or
(ii) terminates his participation in any unit-linked insurance plan (ULIP), by notice to that effect or
where he ceases to participate by reason of failure to pay any contribution, by not reviving his
participation, before contributions in respect of such participation have been paid for five years;
or
(iii) transfers the house property before the expiry of five years from the end of the financial year in
which possession of such property is obtained by him, or receives back, whether by way of
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80-IAC Profit and gains derived by an eligible start-up from specified Company and LLP
business (subject to certain conditions)27
80-IB Profits and gains from industrial undertakings, cold storage All assessees
plant, hotel, scientific research & development, mineral oil No deduction shall be
concern, housing projects, cold chain facility, multiplex available to an enterprise
theatres, convention centres, ships, etc. (subject to certain which commence the business
conditions and limits) activity on or after 1-4-2017.
80-IBA Profits and gains derived by assessee from the business of All assessees
developing and building affordable housing projects. (subject
to certain conditions)
80-IC Profits and gains derived by an undertaking or an enterprise All assessees
in special category States (Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal,
Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram,
Nagaland and Tripura) (subject to certain limits, time limits
and conditions),
(a) which has begun or begins to manufacture or produce
any article or thing, not being any article or thing
specified in the Thirteenth Schedule, or which
manufactures or produces any article or thing, not being
any article or thing specified in the Thirteenth Schedule
and undertakes substantial expansion during the
specified period.
(b) which has begun or begins to manufacture or produce
any article or thing specified in the Fourteenth Schedule
or commences any operation specified in that Schedule,
or which manufactures or produces any article or thing,
specified in the Fourteenth Schedule or commences any
operation specified in that Schedule and undertakes
substantial expansion during the specified period
80-ID Profits and gains from business of hotels and convention All assessees
centres in specified areas (subject to certain conditions).
80-IE Deduction in respect of certain undertakings in North Eastern All assessees
States.
80JJA Entire income from business of collecting and processing or All assessees
treating of bio-degradable waste for generating power, or
producing bio-fertilizers, bio-pesticides or other biological
agents or for producing bio-gas, making pellets or briquettes
for fuel or organic manure (for 5 consecutive assessment
years)
80JJAA Deduction of 30% of additional employee cost in respect of Assessee to whom section
employment of new employees. 44AB applies
Additional employee cost means total emoluments paid or
payable to additional employees employed during the
previous year.
Deduction shall be allowed for first three Assessment Years
including the Assessment Year relevant to previous year in
which such employment is provided.
(Subject to certain other condition)
1. Provisions of section 32 shall apply whether or not the assessee has claimed depreciation.
2. If sum is borrowed for acquiring a capital asset, interest thereon pertaining to the period before asset is
first put to use shall not be allowed as deduction.
3. W.e.f. assessment year 2016-17, bad-debts shall be allowed as deduction even if they are not written-off
from books of accounts. Such deduction shall be allowed if amount of debt or part thereof has been
taken into account in computing income on the basis of Income Computation and Disclosure Standards
notified under section 145(2) without recording the same in the accounts.
4. With effect from assessment year 2018-19 business of developing or maintaining and operating or
developing, maintaining and operating a new infrastructure facility, has been included.
♦ Section 35AD was amended by Finance (No. 2) Act, 2014 with effect from assessment year
2015-16 :
With a view to ensure that the capital asset on which investment linked deduction has been
claimed is used for the purposes of the specified business, sub-section (7A) has been inserted in
section 35AD to provide that any asset in respect of which a deduction is claimed and allowed
shall be used only for the specified business for a period of 8 years beginning with the previous
year in which such asset is acquired or constructed. Moreover, if such asset is used for any
purpose other than the specified business, the total amount of deduction so claimed and allowed
in any previous year in respect of such asset (as reduced by the amount of depreciation
allowable in accordance with the provisions of section 32 as if no deduction had been allowed),
shall be deemed to be income of the assessee chargeable under the head "Profits and gains of
business or profession" of the previous year in which the asset is so used. However, this
provision will not apply to a company which has become a sick industrial company under
section 17(1) of the Sick Industrial Companies (Special Provisions) Act within the time period
of 8 years as stated above.
♦ Where any deduction under section 35AD has been availed of by the assessee on account of
capital expenditure incurred for the purposes of specified business in any assessment year, no
deduction under section 10AA shall be available to the assessee in the same or any other
assessment year in respect of such specified business.
5. With effect from assessment year 2015-16 a new Explanation 2 has been inserted in section 37(1) to
clarify that expenditure incurred by the assessee on Corporate Social Responsibility activities in
accordance with section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013 will not be considered as expenditure incurred
by the assessee for the purposes of the business or profession.
Further, with effect from assessment year 2022-23, a new Explanation 3 has been inserted in section 37(1) to
clarify that expenditure incurred to provide perquisite, in whatever form to any person, irrespective of
whether the recipient is engaged in any business or profession, where the acceptance of such benefit or
perquisite is a violation of any rule, law or regulation, which governs the recipient, shall be deemed to have
not been incurred for business or profession and accordingly, the deduction for the same shall not be
available. Furthermore, the expenditure, whether constituting an offence as per the prevailing laws in India or
outside India, or prohibited by any law in force – whether in India or outside India, shall not be eligible for
deduction under section 37(1) .
8. One residential house in India with effect from assessment year 2015-16. With effect from Assessment
Year 2020-21, a taxpayer has an option to make investment in two residential house properties in India.
This option can be exercised by the taxpayer only once in his lifetime provided the amount of long-
term capital gain does not exceed Rs. 2 crores. With effect from Assessment Year 2023-24, the
exemption shall be limited to Rs. 10 crores.
9. With effect from assessment year 2015-16 limit of Rs. 50 lakhs applies to total amount invested during
financial year in which original asset is transferred and in subsequent financial year.
10. One residential house in India with effect from assessment year 2015-16. With effect from Assessment
Year 2023-24, the aggregate of amount invested in new house property and deposited in capital gain
account scheme shall be considered as eligible investment to the extent of Rs. 10 crores.
11. See Bank Term Deposits Scheme, 2006.
12. with effect from assessment year 2015-16.
13. Where deduction is claimed under this section, deduction in relation to same amount cannot be
claimed under section 80C.
14. section 80CCE provides that the aggregate amount of deductions under section 80C, section 80CCC
and section 80CCD(1) shall not, in any case, exceed Rs. 1,50,000
With effect from assessment year 2015-16, amended sub-section (1) has clarified that a non-
government employee can claim deduction under section 80CCD even if his date of joining is prior to
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January 1, 2004.
15. With effect from the assessment year 2012-13 section 80CCE is amended so as to provide that
contribution made by the Central Government or any other employer to a pension scheme under sub-
section (2) of section 80CCD shall not be included in the limit of deduction of Rs. 1,50,000 provided
under section 80CCE.
With effect from assessment year 2016-17, sub-section (1A) of section 80CCD which laid down
maximum deduction limit of Rs. 1,00,000 (under sub-section (1)) has been deleted.
Further, a new sub-section (1B) is inserted to provide for additional deduction to the extent of Rs.
50,000. The additional deduction is not subject to ceiling limit of Rs. 1,50,000 as provided under
section 80CCE.
However, it is to be noted that additional deduction of Rs. 50,000 shall not be allowed in respect of
contribution which is considered for deduction under section 80CCD(1), i.e., within limit of 10% of
salary/gross total income
Any payment from NPS to an employee because of closure or his opting out of the pension scheme is
chargeable to tax. However, with effect from the assessment year 2017-18, the whole amount received
by the nominee from NPS on death of the assessee shall be exempt from tax.
17. The deduction under Section 80D will be available as per the limit specified below:
Individual HUF
For self, spouse and dependent children : Rs. Premium up to Rs. 25,000 (Rs. 50,000 if member
25,000 (Rs. 50,000 if person insured is a senior insured is a senior citizen) paid to insure any
citizen*); member of the family.
For parents of the assessee : (Additional) Rs. NA
25,000 (Rs. 50,000 if person insured is a senior
citizen)
Medical expenditure if no amount is paid in Medical expenditure if no amount is paid in
respect of health insurance-Rs.50,000 (only in respect of health insurance-Rs.50,000 (only in case
case of senior citizen) of senior citizen)
Aggregate amount of deduction cannot exceed Aggregate amount of deduction cannot exceed
Rs.1,00,000 in any case Rs.50,000 in any case.
*‘Senior citizen’ means an individual resident in India who is of the age of sixty years or more at any
time during the relevant previous year.
18. Maximum deduction is Rs. 40,000 (Rs. 1,00,000 where expenditure is incurred for a senior citizen
[w.e.f assessment year 2019-20])
With effect from assessment year 2016-17, the taxpayer shall be required to obtain a prescription from
a specialist doctor (not necessarily from a doctor working in a Government hospital) for availing this
deduction.
19. Scope of 'higher education' is enlarged with effect from assessment year 2010-11 to cover any course
of study pursued after passing the Senior Secondary Examination or its equivalent from any school,
Board or university recognised by the Central Government or State Government or local authority or by
any other authority authorized by the Central Government or State Government or local authority to do
so.
With effect from 1-4-2010 the scope of expression 'relative' has also been enlarged to cover the student
for whom the taxpayer is the legal guardian.
20. Donation of any sums paid by the assessee, being a company, in the previous year as donations to the
Indian Olympic Association or to any other association or institution established in India, as the Central
Government may, having regard to the prescribed guidelines, by notification in the Official Gazette,
specify in this behalf for—
(i) the development of infrastructure for sports and games; or
(ii) the sponsorship of sports and games,
in India;
is eligible for the purpose of deduction under section 80G [this is in consequence of omission of section
10(23)].
21. Donation made to an authority constituted in India by or under any law enacted either for the purpose
of dealing with and satisfying the need for housing accommodation or for the purpose of planning,
development or improvement of cities, towns and villages, or for both is also eligible for the purpose of
deduction under section 80G from the assessment year 2003-04 [this is in consequence of omission of
section 10(20A)].
22. With effect from 1-4-2013 no deduction shall be allowed in respect of donation of any sum exceeding
two thousand rupees unless such sum is paid by any mode other than cash.
23. With effect from 1-4-2013 no deduction shall be allowed under this section in respect of any sum
exceeding ten thousand rupees unless such sum is paid by any mode other than cash.
24. With effect from 1-4-2014 deduction will not be allowed if sum is contributed in cash.
25. Time limits stated under section 80-IA(4)(iv) have been extended from 31-3-2014 to 31-3-2017.
26. 100% deduction shall be allowed from the AY beginning on or after the 1st day of April, 2021.
27. With effect from Assessment Year 2018-19:
i. 'Eligible business' means a business carried out by an eligible start up engaged in innovation,
development or improvement of products or processes or services or a scalable business model
with a high potential of employment generation or wealth creation.
ii. "Eligible start-up" means a company or a limited liability partnership engaged in eligible
business which fulfils the following conditions, namely:
a. it is incorporated on or after the 1st day of April, 2016 but before the 1st day of April,
2025
b. the total turnover of its business does not exceed 100 crore rupees in the previous years in
which deduction is claimed; and
c. it holds a certificate of eligible business from the Inter-Ministerial Board of Certification
as notified in the Official Gazette by the Central Government