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    Journal of Constructional Steel Research 222 (2024) 108944

    Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

    Journal of Constructional Steel Research


    journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jcsr

    Transverse moment distribution of slabs in steel-concrete multi-girder


    composite bridges with crossbeams
    Chen Liang a , Chang Tian b , Yuqing Liu a, *
    a
    Department of Bridge Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
    b
    Zhejiang Institute of Communications Co., Ltd., Zhejiang, China

    A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T

    Keywords: In multi-girder composite bridges, the concrete slab is designed as a one-way slab spanning transversely. To
    Bridge engineering determine the positive and negative moment distribution coefficients in the transverse direction, finite element
    Composite girder models of 2-, 3- and 4-girder composite bridges were established, and the effects of girder quantity and the
    Concrete slab
    restraints from stiffeners and crossbeams were investigated. Theoretical models of the steel girder system were
    Transverse moment distribution
    Theoretical analysis
    developed for the most unfavorable cross-section, and the moment distribution coefficients for positive and
    Parametric analysis negative bending moment were derived based on the force method. Parametric analyses were conducted to
    calibrate the proposed equations, and the moment distribution coefficients were compared with current speci-
    fications. Results show that negative moment of slab reaches the maximum at the cross-section with crossbeams,
    while is minimum at the cross-section without stiffeners and crossbeams. With increases in the relative stiffness
    ratio of steel girder to the concrete slab, the negative moment coefficient increases and the positive moment
    coefficient decreases. The proposed method can predict the transverse moment distribution with better accuracy
    by incorporating the girder geometries.

    1. Introduction spanning in the transverse direction. In such case, the slab should be
    designed mainly based on its transverse behavior so that the transverse
    Steel-concrete composite girder bridges have been increasingly used moments become essential load effects. The typical transverse-moment
    owing to the advantages on life-cycle cost efficiency, large applicability, distributions of slab in composite girder bridges under a line load P in
    and convenience of manufacture and erection [1–5]. This type of bridges the longitudinal direction are depicted in Fig. 1. When loaded at the
    is made up of the concrete slab and the steel girder system. The latter transverse midspan, the slab, steel girder, and crossbeams or cross
    comprises several main girders that are interconnected by crossbeams or frames form a frame structure. The steel girders participate in moment
    cross frames. transfer due to the considerable transverse bending stiffness, and the
    It has been well recognized that the flexural strength of concrete slab cannot rotate freely due to the rotational constraints from the steel
    slabs can be greatly increased due to the restraints from the main girder system. As a result, the maximum negative moments M1 and M3
    girders, which is known as “arching action” [6–8] (or “frame action” occur over the support (the top flange of steel girder) and the maximum
    [9]). Due to the arching action, the concrete slabs of bridges are more positive moment M2 develops in the mid-span. The magnitude and dis-
    likely to fail in punching shear mode, therefore many existing studies tribution of M1, M2 and M3 are affected by the rotation constraints on the
    have been conducted on the punching shear behavior of concrete slabs. slab from steel girders.
    Nevertheless, the arching action only impact the behavior near failure, Many standard specifications, such as former AASHTO specifications
    when the deformation is large [10]. As for the cracking load and fatigue [11], Japanese Code [12] and Chinese Code [13], suggest that the
    calculation, the effect of arching action is rather limited, and the con- transverse design moment of a continuous slab be calculated as the
    crete slabs can be regarded as a one-way slab subjected to flexural loads. product of the maximum moment of an equivalent simply supported
    For typical composite girder bridges with multiple steel girders, the slabs with the same span (M0) and a moment distribution coefficient
    crossbeams or cross fames are not connected to the concrete slab, and (also referred to as continuity factor). The moment distribution co-
    the girder spacing is small, therefore the concrete slab is a one-way slab efficients in these specifications were mainly developed based on

    * Corresponding author.
    E-mail address: yql@tongji.edu.cn (Y. Liu).

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2024.108944
    Received 5 June 2024; Received in revised form 22 July 2024; Accepted 2 August 2024
    Available online 13 August 2024
    0143-974X/© 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

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