Newer Processing Methods for the Extraction

and
Refining of Rice Bran Oil
By
S. M. Javed Husain

MUEZ-HEST ® INDIA PVT. LTD.

Global Rice Bran Oil Conference 2015
August 7-8th 2015
Trident Hotel, Mumbai, India
RICE PADDY

Rice is the seed of the monocot plants

Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryza
Glaberrima (African rice). As a cereal grain, it
is the most important staple food for a large
part of the world's human population,
especially in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South
Asia, the Middle East, and the West Indies.
GLOBAL RICE PADDY PRODUCTION AND
AREA

Source- Food & Agriculture Organization of United Nations

ASIA RICE PADDY PRODUCTION

Source- Food & Agriculture Organization of United Nations

 EXTRACTION OF RICE BRAN OIL
Meal
Conditioning with
Nutrients

Raw
Stabilization
Material
Hydraulic Press Value Addition
Hearty Biscuit
Pelletizing Separation

Solvent Meal
Extraction Plant Cooling

Feed Industry

Physical Refining Physical Refining

PHYSICAL REFINING OF CRUDE RICE BRAN OIL WITH
VALUE ADDITION
Crude RBO Water Degumming Gums (Rice Lecithin )
Value Addition

Degumming Agent Enzymatic Assisted

(Enzyme) Conditioning

Bleaching Agents Bleaching

Filtration Spent Bleaching Agents

Crude Wax
Dewaxing & Filtration Value Addition

Fatty Acid
Specific Distillation Rice Oil Deodorizer
Value Addition
Distillate (RODD)

Stearic Acid
Winterization & Crude Stearin
Filtration Value Addition
Metallic Stearates

Refined RBO
 COMPOSITION OF RICE BRAN
FULL FAT RICE SEMIFAT RICE DEFATTED RICE WHOLE WHEAT
CHARACTERISTICS
BRAN BRAN FROM HP BRAN FROM SEP FLOUR
Moisture (%) 11.2 9.2 10.3 12.1
Fat Content (%) 20 8 0.9 1.8
Total
33 41.8 43.5 72.2
Carbohydrate (%)
Protein (%) 14.9 19.2 19.3 10

Crude Fiber (%) 12.7 10.1 14.4 2.4

Ash Content (%) 7.9 11.7 12 1.7

Silica Content (%) 0.34 0.31 0.29 0.09

P Content (mg/g) 11.0 9.8 2.58 -

γ- Oryzanol (%) 3.2 2.11 1.52 -

Energy
381.6 316 249.7 344.2
(kcal/100gm)
 PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CRUDE &
RBD RICE BRAN OIL
CHARACTERISTICS UNIT VALUE
Crude Oil Refined Oil
IODINE VALUE (gl2/100g) 95-100 99-108
PEROXIDE VALUE (Meq/kg) 3.12 1.0 Max
MOISTURE (%) 0.5-1 0.05 Max
COLOUR Tintometer 20Y+2.8R 10Y+1.0R
ACID VALUE (mg KoH/gm) 10-30 1.2
FREE FATTY ACID (AS OLEIC
(%) 5-15 0.05 Max
ACID, WINTERIZED OIL )
SAPONIFICATION VALUE (mg KoH/gm) 187 180-190
UNSAPONIFIABLE MATTER % 4.5-5.5 3-5
γ-ORYZANOL ppm 20000 12000-18000
TOTAL TOCOPHEROL mg/kg 1500 200 (0.02%)
SMOKE POINT (Degree C) 160 213
FIRE POINT (Degree C) 198 352
CLOUD POINT (WINTERIZED
(Degree C) 11 0
OIL )
REFRACTIVE INDEX AT 25 ⁰ C (Degree C) 1.729 1.470-1.473
SPECIFIC GRAVITY AT 25⁰C (Degree C) 0.91 - 0.92 0.916-0.921
DENSITY - 0.913-0.920 0.913-0.920
 GLYCERIDE & FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF RICE
BRAN OIL

GLYCERIDES CONTENT FATTY ACID CONTENT (%) BOILING POINT

(%) (ºC/ 10 MMHG)

MONOGLYCERIDES 5-6 Myristic Acid 0.4 - 0.6 193

DIGLYCERIDE 2-3 Palmitic Acid 11.7-16.5 212
TRIGLYCERIDES 81.3 - 84.3 Steric Acid 1.7-2.5 227
Oleic Acid 39.2-43.7 223
Linoleic Acid 26.4-35.1 224
Linolenic Acid 0.4-3.8 225
Archidic Acid 0.4-0.6 170
 PHOSPHOLIPID COMPOSITION OF SOME
SELECTED VEGETABLE OILS
Source % in Oil PC (%) PE (%) PI (%)
*Soybean 2-4 20-22 21-23 18-20
**Rice Bran 1-2 20-23 18-20 6-7
Rapeseed 1-2 20-25 15-22 15-18
Sunflower 0.5-1.0 42-65 30-46 21-37
Groundnut 0.4-0.5 45-50 14-18 20-22
Cottonseed 1-1.5 34-36 20-24 20-22
Palm 0.5-0.7 25.30 30-35 20-25
* Issue of GMO and Non GMO
** Free from issue of GMO
Phospholipid Composition of both Soybean and Rice Bran Lecithin's are almost similar.
Note :- PC : Phosphotidal Choline
PE : Phosphotidal Ethanolamine PI : Phosphotidal Inositol
WATER DEGUMMING
LECITHIN PLANT NEW TECHNOLOGY
WHY RICE BRAN LECITHIN IS SUPERIOR TO SOYA
LECITHIN ?

FATTY ACID SOYA LECITHIN RICE BRAN RICE BRAN LYSO

LECITHIN LECITHIN
14:0 - 0.2 -
16:0 10.8 19.1 18.2
18:0 4.0 1.4 1.5
18:1 24.2 43.2 43.5
18:2 54.8 35.2 35.1
18:3 6.3 0.9 1.7

• Acid Value of Rice Bran and Soya Lecithin: 25-30

• Rice Bran Lecithin – More Oxidative Stability due to less content of Linoleic and
Linolenic acids
• Rice Bran Lecithin contains Oryzanol and Tocotrienols which enhances its Value,
hence very useful as efficient emulsifier, growth promoter and so on
 PHOSPHOLIPID COMPOSITION OF
LYSO RICE LECITHIN

PHOSPHOLIPID CRUDE RICE BRAN OIL DEWAXED RICE BRAN

OIL
Phosphatidyl Choline 20.4 23.1
Phosphatidyl 17.8 20.2
Etyhanolamine
Phosphatidyl Inositol 5.8 6.6
Other Phospholipids 9.4 10.8
Triglycerides 39.2 35.2
Wax 3.1 -
Carbohydrates, 4.0 3.8
sterols, FFA
Moisture 0.3 0.3
 PROPERTIES & USES OF LECITHIN

Emulsifiers

Wetting Agents

Viscosity Modifiers

Release Agents

Separating Agents

Extrusion Aids

Anti-Dusting Agents

Shelf- Life Aids

Nutritional
Supplements
ENZYMATIC DRY DEGUMMING
WET BLEACHING WITH PLF
 PLC AUTOMATED DEWAXING
(CRYSTALLIZATION) FOR CLOUD POINT ≤ 6ºC
 RICE BRAN WAX

• Mixture of saturated mono esters (C46-C60)of long chain fatty

acids (C22-C26) and long chain fatty alcohols (C26-C30).
• CH3-(CH2)mCOO(CH2)nCH3,m=C22-C26, n=C26-C30

Major Composition of Mono Esters

• Myricyl Cerotate -45-50%
• Ceryl Cerotate- 20-25%
• Isoceryl Cerotate- 8-10%
 POLYCOSANOL FROM RICE WAX

Polycosanol a natural mixture of long chain fatty alcohols (C26-

C36)extracted from Plant waxes.
CH3-(CH2)n-CH2OH
n=24-34

Major Polycosanol in Rice Bran Wax-

• Hexacosanol- C26 chain fatty alcohol
• Octacosanol- C28 chain fatty alcohol
• Triacontanol- C 30 chain fatty alcohol
 RICE BRAN WAX/POLYCOSANOLS USES

• In Food and Feed Formulations

• Cosmetics
• Soaps
• Pharmaceuticals
• Nutritional Supplements
• To reduce LDL Cholesterol (Bad Cholesterol)
• Increase HDL Cholesterol (Good Cholesterol)
• Prevent Atherosclerosis
 DATA GENERATED OF REFINING AT PILOT SCALE

PROCESSING ACID PHOSPHOROUS ORYZANOL

COLOR
STEP NUMBER (PPM) WT %
Crude Oil 44* 31 621 1.6

Water
44* 31 148 1.6
Degumming

Enzymatic
51* 31.6 148 -
Conditioning

Bleaching 32** 31.6 9 1.6

Dewaxing 27** 31.2 4.8 -

*¼” cell

** 1” cell
DEODORIZATION WITH LT DISTILLER
 BOILING TEMPERATURE – VAPOR PRESSURE

Effect of Vacuum: Boiling

temperature decreases
with lower operating
vacuum.
Heat sensitive liquids can
be processed without
product damage.
Example: Stearic Acid
Boiling point at 85 mbar
(a) is 276 °C At 0,0013
mbar (a) boiling point is
at 96 °C.
180 K temperature
difference.
 FEATURES OF DEODORIZER WITH SPECIAL
LT DISTILLER

Controlled Temperature and Pressure

High Vacuum

Low temperature difference in Heating fluid and Oil in LT

Distillation

No Polymerization of Oil

Lowest Trans Fat Formation in Oil

High Retention of Oryzanol, Tocopherol and Tocotrienol Content

in Oil

No Heat Damage to Oil

Optimum Steam Utilization

DESCRIPTION DEODORIZER WITH DA COLUMN DEODORIZER WITH LT DISTILLER
DESIGN DATA
SUCTION PRESSURE 2.0 Torr 0.5- 3.0 Torr
SUCTION TEMPERATURE 70 Deg C 70 Deg C
SECTION LOAD :-
WATER VAPOUR, KG / HR. 85 Kg / Hr 55 Kg / Hr
FFA % 5 Kg 2 Kg / Hr
AIR 10 Kg / Hr 10 Kg / Hr
STEAM PRESSURE 8 Bar (g) 8 Bar (g)
SYSTEM VOLUME 80 M3 80 M3
WATER TEMPERATURE, INLET
ᴼC
32 Deg C 32 Deg C

STEAM CONSUMPTION
VACUUM SYSTEM
-

BOOSTER 690 435

EJECTORS 100 95
TOTAL 790 kg 530 Kg
STEAM CONSUMPTION PER
TON OF FEED OIL
158 106
 METALLIC STEARATES AND THEIR USES

• Calcium Stearate
• Magnesium Stearate
• Zinc Stearate
• Aluminum Stearate

Uses
• Building Industry
• Lubricant Industry
• Rubber Industry
• Paper Industry
• Pharmaceutical and Cosmetics
WINTERIZATION (CRYSTALLIZATION) FOR CLOUD
POINT ≤ 0ºC
 RICE BRAN OIL SAMPLES

Crude Rice bran Oil

Rice Bran Bleached Oil

Winterized Refined Rice Bran Oil

COLOUR 1’’- 20 UNITS

FFA 0.07%
COLOUR 1“-<8 UNITS
CLOUD POINT- 0ºC
 FACILITIES

Drawing &
Design
R&D Centre
Proto validation
MUEZ-HEST’S STRATEGIC INITIATIVES

Drawing & Design

Laboratory Pilot Plant

R & D CENTRE
R & D LAB
PILOT PLANT
RECOGNITION AND APPROVALS
 Thanks For Your Attention
MUEZ-HEST ® INDIA PVT. LTD
www.muezhest.com