MODULE CODE: PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W3-D1

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN SCIENCE 9
THIRD QUARTER/WEEK 3/DAY 1

OBJECTIVE: Describe the type of energy from volcanoes and Identify types of

volcanoes which can be good sources of geothermal energy.

YOUR LESSON FOR TODAY:

Energy from the Volcanoes:

➢ Volcanoes are one of the most apparent signs of the Earth’s energy. Since our country is home to more
than a hundred volcanoes, energy has been tapped from them. The Philippines ranked second in the
world’s production of geothermal energy. Our country’s total power generation produced from geothermal
energy is 14.4%, according to the Department of Energy. The production of electricity from geothermal
energy is cheaper than electricity production using natural gas, coal, and hydropower.

What is geothermal energy?

➢ The Earth is believed to be extremely hot from within. This heat from the Earth’s interior is a source of
energy called geothermal energy. The heat of the Earth warms up water which is trapped in rock
formations beneath its surface. The geothermal energy of the Earth’s crust originates from the original
formation of the planet (20%) and the radioactive decay of materials.
➢ Geothermal energy is heat that is generated within the Earth, (Geo means “earth” and thermal means
“heat” in Greek). We can see some samples of geothermal energy on geysers, thermal sources, and
volcanoes.

How is geothermal energy generated?

➢ Geothermal Energy is generated in two ways:
*Geothermal power plant and Geothermal heat pumps.
➢ In Geothermal power plant, which uses the heat from deep inside the Earth to generate steam to make
electricity. This type of natural energy production is environmentally friendly and used in many geothermal
hot spots around the world.
➢ The word Geothermal comes from the Greek word “geo” (earth) and “therme” (heat).
➢ To harness the energy, deep holes are drilled into the earth, (much like when drilling for oil) until a
significant geothermal hot spot is found.
➢ When the heat source has been discovered, a pipe is attached deep down inside the hole which allows
hot steam from deep within the earth’s crust to rise to the surface.
➢ The pressurized steam is then channeled into a turbine which begins to turn under the large force of the
steam. This turbine is linked to the generator and so the generator also begins to turn, generating
electricity. We then pump cold water down a new pipe which is heated by the earth and then sent back
up the first pipe to repeat the process.
➢ In the Philippines, geothermal power plants are used to generate electricity in Tiwi, Albay; Kidapawan,
North Cotabato; Calacan, Laguna; Tongonan, Leyte and Bacon, Sorsogon.Fig.1 below shows the Tiwi
Geothermal Power Plant in Albay.

Figure 1: Copy image from archify.com

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➢ Geothermal heat pumps, which tap into heat close to the Earth’s surface to heat water or provide heat
for buildings. The pump is installed on a concrete pad above ground, close to the home. Holes are drilled
through the earth for dozens or hundreds of feet. The depth depends on the location of geothermal energy
pockets in your regions. Two sets of piping are connected to the pump and fed underground. The pump
pushes cool surface water down through the pipes. As it passes through the energy pockets, it is heated
and turned to the surface. The heat pump uses an electric heat exchange unit to transform the hot water
into hot air, which is used to heat the home.

Sources of Geothermal Energy:

➢ The most active geothermal sources are usually found along major tectonic plate boundaries where most
volcanoes are located. One of the most active geothermal areas in the world is called the “Ring of Fire”
which encircles the Pacific Ocean.
➢ Most geothermal reservoirs are located in volcanoes, hot springs, and geysers.
➢ Hot springs and geysers are manifestations of volcanic activity. They result from the interaction of
groundwater with magma or with solidified but still hot igneous rocks at shallow depths.
➢ A geyser is a spring characterized by an intermittent discharge of water ejected turbulently and
accompanied by steam. As a rare phenomenon, the formation of geysers is due to hydrogeological that
exist only in a few places on Earth. Old Faithful, geyser, northwestern Wyoming, U.S., located at the
head of the Upper Geyser Basin in Yellowstone National Park. Old Faithful is the most famous, Though
not the highest, of all North American geysers.
➢ Hot springs form when water deep below the Earth’s surface is heated by rocks or other means and
rises to the Earth’s surface. These phenomena are very similar to geysers, and like geysers, many of
them form near areas of volcanic activity. Mud pots form when hot spring waters mix with dirt and clay
before they reach the Earth’s surface. Hot springs will also be referred to as geothermal or thermal
springs.
➢ Volcanoes are the main source of geothermal energy. When magma (is molten rock generated at the
Earth’s interior) enters the crust, a shallow gradient is perturbed locally as the temperature rises around
the intrusion. The extent and duration of such a thermal anomaly depend mostly on the temperature and
volume of the intruded melt. The presence of hot magmas below the surface of active volcanic regions
offers the prospect of harnessing a huge amount of geothermal energy. Geothermal energy is renewable
resources as it exploits the abundant Earth’s interior heat and water, which once used and cooled, is then
piped back to the reservoir.
➢ Geothermal energy associated with volcanoes is of much higher enthalpy (e.i energetically efficient) than
other sources, such as tectonic or the geothermal gradient itself.
➢ A Volcanic Field is an area of the Earth’s crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity. They usually
consist of clusters of 10 to 100 volcanoes such as cinder cones. Lava flows may also occur. They may
occur as a monogenetic volcanic field or polygenetic volcanic field.
➢ A monogenetic volcanic field is a type of field consisting of a group of small monogenetic volcanoes,
each of which erupts only once.
➢ A polygenetic volcanic field is a group of polygenetic volcanoes, each of which erupts repeatedly.
Includes stratovolcanoes, complex volcanoes, somma volcanoes, shield volcanoes, and calderas.
➢ In geology, the places known as hot spots are volcanic regions thought to be fed by an underlying mantle
that is anomalously hot compared with the surrounding mantle. Example Iceland and Yellowstone
hotspot.
➢ Rift Zone is a feature of some volcanoes, especially shield volcanoes, in which a set of linear cracks
develops in a volcanic edifice, typically forming into two or three well-defined regions along the flanks of
the vent.

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Volcanism and Plate tectonics

google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2Fhttps://www.2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fscience%2Fhot-spot-
volcano&psig=AOvVaw2nN3EtFWyvHW4Rb7H8O637&ust=1614090199669000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAYQjRxqFwoTCJi0ltrY_e4CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAI

➢ Stratovolcanoes tend to form at subduction zones or convergent plate margins, where an oceanic
plate slides beneath a continental plate and contributes to the rise of magma to the surface. At Rift
zones or divergent margins, shield volcanoes tend to form as two oceanic plates pull slowly apart and
magma effuses upward through the gap. Volcanoes are not generally found at strike-slip zones, where
two plates slide laterally past each other. “Hot spot” volcanoes may form where plumes of lava rise
from deep within the mantle to Earth’s crust far from any plate margins.

ARE YOU READY TO PRACTICE? Let’s try this.

PRACTICE EXERCISE NO.1: COMPLETE ME!

Directions: Fill in the black to complete the paragraph. Choose the words from the word bank below.

__1___ are one of the most evident manifestations of the Earth’s energy. Volcanoes are the main source
of __2___ energy. During volcano ruption, the __3___ energy is transferred through lava to the surface of
the Earth. The __4___may come up to the surface. Geothermal energy is the __5___energy generated and
stored in the __6___. Geothermal energy come from the heat generated deep within the Earth’s__7___.
Geothermal reservoirs can be found at __8___boundaries near volcanic activity or __9___. Geothermal energy
can be harnessed by drilling wells to pump __10___ water or steam to a power plant.

WORD BANK

Volcanoes hot underground heat geothermal

thermal Earth magma core tectonic plate

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Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

PRACTICE EXERCISE NO 2: GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES

DIRECTIONS: Fill in the missing terms to complete facts about geothermal energy.

GENERALIZATION

➢ Geothermal energy is the heat from the earth.

➢ Its source lies 6,500 km beneath the earth’s surface.
➢ Some visible features of geothermal energy are volcanoes, hot springs, geysers, and fumaroles.
➢ But we cannot see most of the resources as they are deep underground.
➢ Exploration is done by digging well and testing temperature deep underground.
➢ Most active resources are found along the edges of tectonic plates.

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Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

EVALUATION

DIRECTIONS: Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter of the correct answer before
the number

1. What energy source is most available at the edges of tectonic plates?

A. Geothermal C. tides
B. Natural gas D. wind
2. What is the second-largest country that uses geothermal electricity in the world?
A. China C. Indonesia
B. Mexico D. Philippines
3. Where can geothermal energy be found?
A. Mountain C. Underground
B. Underwater D. Where tectonic meet & underground

4. What is(are) the visible sign(s) of a large amount of heat lying in the earth’s interior?
A. Geyser C. hot springs
B. Volcanoes D. All of the above
5. The following statements about the countries along the ring of fire are true, EXCEPT.
A. Some of the best geothermal resources in the world.
B. On or near the boundaries of tectonic plates.
C. All in the northern hemisphere.
D. Prone to an earthquake.
6. What is the ultimate energy source for the Old Faithful geyser?
A. Wind energy C . Electrical energy
B. Nuclear energy D. Geothermal energy
7. When using geothermal heating for homes, the pipes are buried to ______
A. avoid the people see the pipes.
B. utilize the constant temperatures of the underground.
C. freeze the pipes in the winter and boil them in the summer.
D. allow people to use this source of energy without their neighbor knowing.
8. It refers to the energy that is stored or released during a change of state of water.
A. latent heat C. caloric heat
B. ultraviolet heat D. geothermal heat
9. Geothermal energy keeps houses_____ in the summer and_____in the winter.
A. warm, warm C. cool, cool
B. warm, cool D. cool, warm
10. A geothermal power plant gets energy by_____.
A. Holding water behind a dam.
B. Circulating fluid underground.
C. Using methane from decomposition.
D. Pumping heated water or steam from the rock formation.

References
Britanica.com/science/volcanism; www.livescience.gov https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/volcanicfield;
Depedscience9learner’smodule p.176

Prepared by:

MARY ANN G. MAGPUSAO

Pasay City East High School

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Name of Teacher: ___________________________________ Section: ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN SCIENCE 9 –EARTH AND SPACE

THIRD QUARTER/ WEEK3/ DAY2

OBJECTIVE:
Identify volcanoes in the Philippines which are sources of Geothermal energy.
YOUR LESSON FOR TODAY:
Which of the volcanoes in the Philippines are sources of Geothermal Energy?
What type of volcanoes is used in harnessing geothermal energy?

Let's find out…

Geothermal energy resources were defined as renewable
energy resources produced by heat from the earth.
Geothermal energy uses the heat trapped beneath the Earth’s
surface to generate electricity. The Philippines is the world’s
second-largest producer of geothermal energy for power
generation. It is home to three of the top ten biggest
geothermal power plants in the world.
The MakBan Geothermal Complex in Batangas Province, Tiwi
Geothermal Complex in the province of Albay, and Malitbog
Geothermal Power station in Leyte. Fig. 1Makban geothermal Complex in Batangas

The Philippines is located within the “Pacific Ring of Fire”

which implies that it is prone to intense volcanic activity and
earthquake. Volcanoes are the main source of geothermal
energy, most geothermal systems are found in mature
volcanic complexes. The presence of hot magma below the
surface of active volcanic fields offers the prospect of
harnessing a huge amount of geothermal energy. They may
occur as a monogenetic volcanic field or a polygenetic
volcanic field. The most potential source of geothermal
energy is the Laguna Volcanic Field, which is an active
volcanic field in the Philippines, located between Laguna de
Bay, Mount Banahaw volcano complex, and Mount
Fig. 2Tiwi Geothermal Complex in Batangas Malepunyo range. The field is composed of over 200
dormant and monogenetic maars, crater lakes, scoria cones,
and stratovolcanoes, the tallest of which is Mount Makiling.

For geothermal activity, you need to have large

quantities of hot rock reasonably close to the
surface. The type of volcano that meets these
criteria caldera-forming volcano often referred to
as supervolcanoes. The volcanic field also tops up
the same. Geysers, fumarole, hot springs, and or by
drawing water from the hot, high-pressure depths of
the Earth are also the source of
geothermal energy.
Fig. 3 Malitbog geothermal Power Station in Leyte

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VOCABULARY WORDS:
Geothermal Power Plant - A facility that uses naturally occurring steam or heat to drive turbine-
generators to produce electricity.
Geyser - A natural hot spring that sends up a fountain of water and steam in the air
Hot Springs - A natural spring of water this is warmer than body temperature, Malitbog
Geothermal Power station in Leyte may collect in pools or flow into streams and lakes.
Fumarole - A small hole or vent in the Earth's surface, found near volcanic areas, from which steam
or gases shoot out.
Volcanic field - is an area of the Earth's crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity. Consist of
clusters of 10 to 100 volcanoes.
Polygenetic volcanic field - is a group of polygenetic volcanoes, which erupt repeatedly.
Polygenetic volcanoes include stratovolcanoes, complex volcanoes, somma volcanoes,
shield volcanoes, and calderas.
Monogenetic volcanic field - is a type of volcanic field consisting of a group of small
monogenetic volcanoes, which erupt only once.
Caldera - is a large cauldron-like hollow that forms shortly after the emptying of a magma
chamber in a volcanic eruption.

ACTIVITY 1. VOLCANO AND GEOTHERMAL ENERGY…

Objective: Locate volcanoes that are possible sources of geothermal energy

Procedure:
1. Analyze the Map of Active
and inactive Volcanoes in the Luzon
and Visayas (Fig. 1)
2. Identify which type of volcano is a source
of Geothermal energy.
3. Identify which of the following locations of
volcanoes will be a the potential source of
Geothermal energy
4. Complete the Table1. and describe
whether it is a potential source of geothermal
energy.
Guide Questions

1. Where can we find the volcanoes that

are possible sources of geothermal?
Why?

2. What is your reason for selecting the

Active and Inactive volcanoes in Luzon and Visayas
volcanoes that are possible source of
geothermal energy?

3. What are the criteria needed to be a potential source of geothermal energy?

4. Why are the geothermal energy sources should be near volcanoes?

5. If you are given a chance to put up a geothermal power plant, where will you construct the
geothermal power plant in the map? Why?

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Table 1. Volcanoes and Geothermal energy

Volcano Potential source of Location

Geothermal energy (Yes or
No)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

ACTIVITY 2. FINDING GEOTHERMAL ENERGY...

What to Do:

1. Locate geothermal power plants in the maps below

2. Complete the Table of Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines by providing their
locations
3. Identify the volcanoes that are geothermal energy sources.
Geothermal Power Plant in the Philippines

Geothermal Power Plant Location Volcanoes Found in the Area

1. Makiling-Banahaw(Mak-Ban)
Geothermal Power Plant
2. Maibarara Geothermal Power Plant
3. Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant
4. Mahiao Geothermal Power Plant
5. Malitbog Geothermal Power Station
6. Biliran Geothermal Plant
7. Northern Negros Geothermal Power
Plant
8. Palinpinon Geothermal Power Plant
9. Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant
10. Mt. Apo Geothermal Power Plant
Locations of Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines.

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Name of Teacher: ___________________________________ Section: ___________________

Guide Questions:
1. Where are the geothermal power plant located?

2. What did you noticed on the locations of the geothermal power plant and the locations of
volcanoes?

3. Are they of the same locations? Why?

4. Why most geothermal power plants are near to a volcanoes?

5. Relate volcanoes to geothermal power plant.

6. What type of volcanoes do you think are sources of geothermal energy based on the activity you
performed.

7. Are all volcanoes can be a source of geothermal energy? Why or why not?_

8. Are there other sources of geothermal energy aside from volcanoes? What are they?

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Name of Teacher: ___________________________________ Section: ___________________

GENERALIZATION:

1. Inactive volcanoes like Mt. Makiling, Mt. Banahaw, Mt Malinao, Mt. Biliran, and Mt. Apo are
the major sources of geothermal energy in the Philippines.
2. Not all volcanoes in the Philippines can be a source of geothermal energy but active
volcanoes like Mt. Kanlaon in Negros can also be tapped to harness geothermal energy.
3. caldera-forming volcanoes have a greater potential source of geothermal energy.
4. Most geothermal power plants are located near an active volcanic field and inactive
volcanoes.
5. Hot springs, geysers, and fumarole are also sources of geothermal energy.

EVALUATION:
A. Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the best answer.
1. It is one of the most famous geothermal power plants located at Laguna.

A. Makban B. Tiwi C. Tongonan D. Valencia

2. Where is the location of Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant?

A. Isarog B. Kanlaon C. Makiling D. Malinao

3. The first geothermal power plant that was established in the Philippines?
A. Leyte B. Makban C. Mindanao D. Northern Negros
4. In which of the following places geothermal energy is used as a source of electricity?
I. Tiwi, Albay III.Tongonan, Leyte
II. San Carlos, Negros Occidental IV.Kidapawan, North Cotabato
A. I and II B.I and III C. II and III D. III and IV

5. What do you call the energy from volcanoes that uses heat from deep inside the earth that
can be tapped for human use?
A. Solar B. Nuclear C. Geothermal D. Hydrothermal

MATCHING TYPE:

Match the volcanoes in the Philippines (A) with geothermal power plant (B).

A. Volcanoes B. Geothermal Power Plants.

1. Apo a. Malitbog Geothermal Power Station

2. Kanlaon b. Mt. Apo Geothermal Power Plan
3. Malinao c. MakBan Geothermal Power Plant
4. Makiling d. Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant
5. Laao e. Northern Negros Geothermal Power Plant

REFERENCES

https://archive.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/solutions/technologies/geothermal.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_field
https://lsa.colorado.edu/essence/texts/geothermal.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogenetic_volcanic_field
https://www.geoenergymarketing.com/energy-blog/geothermal-country-overview-philippines
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygenetic_volcanic_field
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_power_in_the_Philippines
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caldera
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_power_plants_in_the_Philippines
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laguna_Volcanic_Field
Prepared by:
https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/volcanoes-geothermal-energ Elranie Faigao
https://geysers.com/The-Geysers PCEHS

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Name: ____________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: ________________________________________ Section : ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION- NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY
MODULE IN SCIENCE 9
Third Quarter/ Week 3/ Day 03

OBJECTIVE:
This module aims to describe how energy is harnessed from volcanoes.

YOUR LESSON FOR TODAY:

Did you know that deep down, the Earth is hot and that this heat can generate energy? It is seldom
occurrence that scientists can study volcano up close and surprisingly, they investigated the feasibility of
volcano-powered electricity by drilling into volcanoes and exploiting the heat of molten rock. This energy
that can be harnessed and create electricity is called GEOTHERMAL ENERGY.
Volcanoes are one of the most evident manifestations of the Earth’s
energy and are the main source of geothermal energy. Geothermal energy is
renewable energy that is harnessed from the heat inside the Earth for human use.
Geo comes from a Greek word that means “earth” and thermal means “heat”.
This heat comes from the center of the Earth which is a byproduct of chemical and
nuclear reactions happening in the Earth’s core occurring for billions of years. It
slowly and continuously migrates up through the Earth until researchers and
scientists reach it by drilling into the ground. Although the heat from the center of Earth is migrating to
the surface everywhere, the heat that has been produced is concentrated at the edges of tectonic plates.
To be able to harness geothermal energy deep in the Earth, three things should be considered:
heat, fluid, and permeability or pathways through the rock. The heat from the center of the earth
migrates to the surface naturally and is found everywhere underground, although the amount of heat
varies slightly from place to place. The fluid inside underground rocks absorbs heat and brings it to the
surface. This underground layer of rock that is saturated with water is called aquifers that can be brought
to the surface through natural springs or by pumping. Lastly, permeability or pathways of water to flow
underground are usually made up of
fractures or cracks in the rocks which are
very tiny and connected. These fractures
allow fluid to circulate slowly and increase
in temperature. With these three together,
it can create a geothermal reservoir.
(Figure 1)

Figure 1. Geothermal reservoir

Image source: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Geothermal-Reservoir-7_fig1_339918736

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Name of Teacher: ________________________________________ Section : ___________________

Geothermal energy from the reservoir is generated and can be harnessed in two ways: geothermal
heat pumps (figure 2) and geothermal power plants (figure 3). These methods or techniques differ in
the depth of heat source to produce energy.
➢ Geothermal heat pumps
• It is also known as geo-exchange is a highly efficient renewable technology that is used for
space heating and cooling, as well as water heating.
• This system transfer heat by pumping water or a refrigerant (a special type of fluid) through
pipes just below the Earth’s surface where the temperature is a constant 50°F to 60°F.

How it works:
1. Water or a refrigerant move through a loop of
pipes.
2. When the weather is cold, the water or
refrigerant heats up as it travels through the
part of the loop that is buried underground.
3. Once it gets back above ground, the warmed
water, or refrigerant transfers heat into the
building.
4. The water or refrigerant cools down after its
heat is transferred. It is pumped back
underground where it heats up once more,
starting the process again.
5. On a hot day, the system can run in reverse.
The water or refrigerant cools the building and Figure 2. Geothermal heat pumps
then is pumped underground where extra heat Source: https://archive.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/solutions/technologies/geothermal.html

is transferred to the ground around the pipes.

➢ Geothermal power plants

• The heat deep inside the Earth is used to produce steam to generate electricity.
• These are built in an area where it is particularly hot just below the surface such as near a
group of geysers, hot springs, or volcanic activity.
• In the Philippines, geothermal power plants are used to generate electricity in Tiwi (Albay),
Kidapawan (North Cotabato), Calaca (Laguna), Tongonan (Leyte), Bago City (Negros
Oriental), and Bacon (Sorsogon).

How it works:
1. Wells are drilled deep into the Earth to pump
steam or hot water to the surface.
2. When the water reaches the surface, the drop
in pressure causes the water to turn into
steam.
3. The steam spins a turbine, which is
connected to a generator that produces
electricity.
4. Cooling tower cools the steam which it
condenses back to water.
5. The cooled water is pumped back into the Figure 3. Geothermal power plants
Earth to begin the process again. Source: https://archive.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/solutions/technologies/geothermal.html

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Name of Teacher: ________________________________________ Section : ___________________

ACTIVITY 1- HARNESSING HEAT BENEATH OUR FEET

DIRECTIONS: Using the given graphic organizer, write the necessary information to
complete the concept on how to harness energy from volcanoes.

VOLCANO

GENERATED ENERGY

DEFINITION:

HEAT

GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR

GEOTHERMAL GEOTHERMAL
HEAT POWER
PUMPS PLANTS

DEFINITION: DEFINITION:

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Name of Teacher: ________________________________________ Section : ___________________

ACTIVITY 2- MAGMA POWER: DRILLING INTO EARTH

DIRECTIONS: Analyze the picture. Describe how energy is harnessed by means of geothermal
heat pumps and power plants.

A. HEAT PUMP

Heat Pump

3
1

B. POWER PLANTS

3
2
4

1
5

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Name of Teacher: ________________________________________ Section : ___________________

GENERALIZATION:
• Geothermal energy is renewable energy that is harnessed from the heat
inside the Earth for human use.
• To be able to harness geothermal energy deep in the Earth, three things should
be considered: heat, fluid, and permeability or pathways through the rock.
• Geothermal energy from the reservoir is generated and can be harnessed in
two ways: geothermal heat pumps and geothermal power plants.

EVALUATION

DIRECTIONS: Read and understand each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer and
write it on the space provided.

________ 1. What kind of energy is generated from volcanoes?

A. Geothermal C. Solar
B. Nuclear D. Wind
________ 2. How is energy harnessed from volcanoes?
A. Fossil fuels C. Solar cells
B. Geothermal power plants D. Windmills
________ 3. What are the things to consider before harnessing geothermal energy?
I. Heat III. Pathway
II. Fluid IV. Photovoltaic cells
A. I only C. I, II, and III
B. I and IV D. I, II, III and IV
________ 4. It is a highly efficient renewable technology that is used for space heating and cooling,
as well as water heating.
A. Fossil fuel C. Geothermal power plants
B. Geothermal heat pumps D. Solar Cells
________ 5. These are built in an area where it is particularly hot just below the surface such as
near a group of geysers, hot springs, or volcanic activity.
A. Fossil fuel C. Geothermal power plants
B. Geothermal heat pumps D. Solar Cells
B. Arrange the following steps on how geothermal energy is harnessed through power plants by
labelling it from A to E. Write the letter before the space provided.
________ 6. The cooling tower cools the steam which condenses back to the water.
________ 7. Wells are drilled deep into the Earth to pump steam or hot water to the surface.
________ 8. The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth.
________ 9. The steam spins a turbine which is connected to a generator to produce electricity.
________ 10. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the water to turn into
steam.
REFERENCES:
https://archive.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/solutions/technologies/geothermal.html
https://kids.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/frym.2019.00105
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/geothermal-energy/

Prepared by:
JOY Q. BATANG
PCCCANHS

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 Module code: PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W3-04

Name: ____________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: ________________________________________ Section : ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY
MODULE IN SCIENCE 9
THIRD QUARTER / WEEK 3 / DAY 4
OBJECTIVE: At the end of this module, you should be able to create a diagrammatic
representation of geothermal energy flow in a geothermal power plant.

LESSON FOR TODAY

Geothermal energy comes from the trapped energy below Earth’s surface. Active
geothermal spots can be found in hot springs, geysers, geothermal reservoirs, near fault lines, and
active volcanoes. These geothermal spots are found only in the weaker crust (thin crust, where
holes or cracks can easily form). The Philippines lies in the Pacific rim which houses a large portion
of the weaker crust, as such the country is an area with geological features such as volcanoes.

Let us take a look at the picture.

Through the fractures in the layers of

rock, water and steam which has been
heated in the depths, rise to surface and are
intercepted in the geothermal wells. The
steam that is extracted is channeled into
steam-pipelines, and forwarded to a turbine,
where the kinetic energy of the steam is
transformed into rotational mechanical
power. The turbine’s axis is connected to the
rotor of the mechanical energy into
alternating electric current, which is then
transmitted to the transformer. The
transformer raises the voltage of the electric
energy and transfers it to the distribution
network. The steam that exists the turbine is
returned to the liquid state in a condenser,
while the gases that cannot be condensed
are dispersed injecting it into the deep rock
layers.

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 Module code: PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W3-04

Name: ____________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: ________________________________________ Section : ___________________

How is Geothermal Power Plant works?

At a geothermal power plant, wells are drilled 1

or 2 miles deep into the Earth to pump steam or
hot water to the surface. The steam spins a
turbine, which is connected to a generator that
produces electricity. The steam cools off in a
cooling tower and condenses back to water.

What are the parts of a geothermal power

plant?

The main components in a geothermal power plant at the Geysers are the steam turbine,
generator, condenser, cooling tower, gas removal system and hydrogen sulfide abatement system.
Thermal energy in the form of pressurized steam flows from wells, through pipelines and to the
power plant.

Geothermal power plants are used to generate electricity by the use of geothermal energy (the
Earth’s internal thermal energy). They essentially work the same as a coal or nuclear power plant
the main difference being the heat source

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 Module code: PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W3-04

Name: ____________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: ________________________________________ Section : ___________________

LET’S BEGIN!
PRACTICE EXERCISE 1-Geothermal Energy Flow
DIRECTIONS: Complete the flow chart to show the steps of how geothermal energy generate
electricity in a geothermal power plant. Choose your answer from the box.
The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth to begin the process again.

When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the water to turn into steam.

Wells are drilled deep into the Earth to pump steam or hot water to the surface.

The steam spins a turbine which is connected to a generator that produces electricity.

Cooling water cools the steam which is condenser back to water

Geothermal Energy

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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 Module code: PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W3-04

Name: ____________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: ________________________________________ Section : ___________________

Let us proceed to the next activity.

PRACTICE EXERCISE 2-HOW IS GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT WORKS?

DIRECTIONS: Using a diagrammatic representation of geothermal energy flow in a geothermal power plant
fill in the appropriate terms in the box using the following words: cooling tower, hot water,
turbine generator, injection well, and steam.

Guide Questions:
1. What is geothermal energy?
_____________________________________________________________________________

2. How is a geothermal power plant works?

_________________________________________________________________________

GENERALIZATION:
• Geothermal energy is energy derived from volcanic activity in the form of superheated water that
is pumped from the underground under high pressure which becomes steam at the surface and
is used in turbines for generating electricity.
• In a geothermal power plant, hot water is pumped from underground under high pressure. As the
water reaches the surface, pressure drops. Because of the lower pressure, hot water is turned to
steam. Steam is directed to the blades of the turbine, which in turn rotates the generator at high
speed, thus producing electricity. Used steam is called in a cooling tower. The steam condenses
into water. The cooled water is pumped and injected back into the Earth where it once again
heated, and the process is repeated.

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 Module code: PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W3-04

Name: ____________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: ________________________________________ Section : ___________________

EVALUATION:
Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it in the space provided.
For numbers 1-5 refer your answer from the diagram

____ 1. In a geothermal power plant, what is used from deep inside the Earth to produce steam to
generate electricity?
A. heat B. light C. coal D. biomass
____ 2. What is pumped to the surface when wells are drilled deep into the Earth?
A. cold water B. hot water C. mineral water D. purified water
____3. When the steam spins a turbine, where does it connected that produces electricity?
A. cooling tower B. injection well C. generator D. transformer
_____4. Where does the steam cools, which condenses back to water?
A. injection well B. generator C. cooling water D. transformer
_____5. When water is cooled, where does the cooled water pumped back to begin the process again?
A. earth B. irrigation C. water tank D. water station
_____6. What is geothermal energy? It is the _____.
A. heat from the sun C. heat from the Earth’s interior
B. energy from the river D. energy from the food
_____7. How does a geothermal power plant work? When_________
A. water rises and pushes a lever.
B. coal heats the water that turns to steam.
C. cold and warm water collide, and force steam up.
D. water is heated up by a heating source which turns into steam and works the machine.
_____8. Which of the following are active geothermal spot/s?
I. Hot spring II. Geysers III. Active volcanoes IV. Sun
A. I & II B. II & III C. III & IV D. I, II, III
_____9. How is geothermal energy generated? Geothermal energy is generated in two ways: ___________
A. geothermal power plants and geothermal heat pumps
B. hydroelectric power plant and hydropower
C. solar energy and wind energy
D. biomass and fossil fuels
_____10. Why do the Philippines have geothermal energy? Because Philippines_________.
A. have a cold climate.
B. have no active volcanoes.
C. is located near the poles.
D. is situated near the Pacific Ring of Fire.

REFERENCES:

SCIENCE 9 LEARNER’S MODULE pp.176-177

DISCOVER SCIENCE 9 pp. 221-222
SCIENCE VISTAS 9 pp. 156-157
https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk03mw_YxZXX-ziyCXIWs3P-
RjUkYRQ:1613225621010&source=univ&tbm=isch&q=free+download+diagrammatic+representation+of+geothermal+energy+flow&sa=X&ved=2ah
UKEwjtrdTghefuAhV0NKYKHeB9D2EQjJkEegQIAxAB&biw=1137&bih=730

Maria Isabel C. Forte

Pasay City East High School

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