k.

Passage planning
Navigation plan should make it easier for the Bridge team to navigate the ship
safety. It should be comprehensive, detailed and easy to interpret . Full
procedure is in this four stages.
1. Appraisal
2. Planning
3. Execution
4. Monitoring

1. Appraisal
The appraisal consists of gathering all information relevant to the proposed
passage and reviewing it. The appraisal process allows risks to be identified
and assessed to make sure that the proposed passage plan is safe.

Navigation Environment
 Ballast water
 ASD requirement
 Reporting System  Emission Control
Area
 Route selection and waypoint
 MARPOL special
 Pilot requirement area(ECA)
 Particularly
 UKC requirement
Sensitive Sea
 Weather and Tide routing Area(PSSA)
 Load line requirement(Draught)  Garbage
Disposal
 Traffic Density

Contingency
General
 Emergency
Berth requirement
 Response plans
 Notifications
Mooring andandtug operation
reporting
 Cargo considerations
 Passage plan
amendments

And should complete Fuyo C/L

NAV 01Passage plan

Appraisal Section1 & 2

 Other Setting:
2.SYSTEM CONFIGURATION • Is the present route displaying as per below?
‣ Display of cross track limit (XTL)
Chart Installation: ‣ Display of distance
• Are the charts (ENC) being used are official? ‣ Display of true course
‣ Display of turn radius / Wheel over points
• Is the ENCs used are of an appropriate scale and accuracy?
• Is the Emergency Charts are available & corrected up to date?
ROUTE PLANNING
New Route:
UPDATES • Is the following area considered at the time of new route planning?
ENC Corrections: ‣ Berth to berth
• Are the ECDISs updated as per latest Week NTM? Latest week no: ‣ Pilot boarding areas marked
• Is T & P (AIO) is updated as per latest Week NTM? Latest week no: ‣ Name of the route
• Is local NM updated (if any)? ‣ Locate start and end points
‣ Perform Self Check (Safety & Limit Check)
• Is Radio navigational warnings (Navtex & EGC) updated?
Adding Waypoint (If applicable):
Permits and License:
• Are the following points considered before adding new waypoint?
• Is the relevant ENC permit available on board? ‣ Add waypoint at start location
• Is the Chart Permit up-to-date? ‣ Construct route on small scale
• Is the Chart Expire date available on board? Date: ‣ Define leg properties as Rhumb line or GC
• Is the ECDIS license expire date available on board? Date: ‣ GC divided leg into Rhumb lines
Others: Adjusting Waypoint (As per vessel's voyage condition)
• Are both ECDISs updated to latest JRC (or FURUNO) operating software? • Are the following areas considered while adjusting waypoint?
‣ Draught, available depth of water and minimum UKC
• Are all Navigating officers having Generic (IMO 1.27) & TST (Type Specific) ECDIS training
‣ Effect of course alteration on draught and turning circle
‣ Planned speed
DISPLAY CONFIGURATION ‣ Effect of expected tidal stream and current
Display Mode: ‣ Increase in draught due to squat and heel effect
• Is Display mode set up as per below? ‣ Position where change in machinery status is required
‣ Unload all routes ‣ Position where additional manning is required
‣ Unload all manual construct
SAFETY OF THE ROUTES:
‣ Full screen (Hide side bar)
• Are following items clearly manually marked on the route as minimum?
‣ Day white palette
‣ No Go Area
Chart Setting: ‣ Safe speed and proximity of navigational hazards
• Is the chart display setting as per below? ‣ Use of Ship's Routeing, reporting systems and VTS
‣ Display mode 'all other' ‣ Protection of the marine environment
‣ Chart priority ENC ‣ Avoidance of danger areas
‣ Scale minimum OFF ‣ Alterations of speed en-route
‣ AIO layer ON ‣ Location of course alterations
‣ Limitations of night passage
‣ Shallow pattern ON
‣ Tidal Restriction
‣ Full light lines ON
‣ Adequate cross track limit (XTL)
‣ Chart Boundaries ON ‣ Contingency Planning - Deep water (Abort point, safe anchorage)
‣ Show isolated dangers in shallow water ON ‣ Method and frequency of position fixing
‣ Traditional chart symbols or simplified (Select Paper Chart as Chart symbol) ⁃ Primary and secondary fixing options
‣ Traditional areas or symbolized ⁃ Areas where accuracy of position fixing is critical
‣ Two or four colour shades ⁃ Areas of maximum reliability of position fixing

Safe Water Setting: ⁃ Availability of relative navigation technique visual and radar fixing
‣ Change of time zones and locations
• Is the safety parameter of chart display setting as per below?
‣ Predicted currents likely strength and direction
‣ Safety depth:
‣ Known meteorological data
‣ Safety contour: ‣ Territorial sea boundaries (Base Line)
‣ Shallow water: ‣ Anti-Piracy areas
‣ Deep contour: ‣ Save the route
Other Setting:

Planning
Following the appraisal of all charts, Publications and other information, a
detailed passage plan should be prepared. This should cover the entire
 passage from Berth to Berth, including pilotage areas.

Pilotage Phase

 Anticipated waypoint arrival time

Ocean phase
 Cross track Distance(XTD)
 Identification of navigational hazards
 Leg Distances
 Planned track with true course
 Safety depths and safety contours
 Cleaning bearing / ranges based on charted features Coastal Phase
 Conspicuous charted features for position fixing
 No-go area
 Routing and reporting area
 Safe water
 Tidal height and stream information
 Decision points for critical maneuver’s
 Contingency plan
 Turn radius
 Wheel over circle / line
 Commit point(Master)

Passage planning General

1. The Second Officer shall make entries, for information which would help
in navigation, including the tide and the time of sunrise and sunset,
same to be provided on the bridge.
2. Traditional track monitoring methods such as parallel index and visual
bearings should be included in addition to modern techniques such as
radar overlay of the electronic chart. This should however not obscure
the radar picture to the level where acquired targets may be lost or the
navigation officer may be affected by information overload.
3. The Master must review the voyage plan and decide the selected pre-
settings of functions, alarms, and indicators to be used on the ECDIS.
This must then be advised to all watch keeping Officers.
4. Navigating Officers must visually review each leg of the passage in the
Monitoring mode before it is actually used. It is also essential to make
use of the in-built automatic checking functions provided when
validating and approving the voyage plan.
5. It is important that there is good communication of the voyage plan to
all bridge officers so that they are prepared for the intended voyage.
This should include information on equipment status and backup
procedures.
6. The passage plan from berth to berth should be divided into as many
independent legs as required. For example, one for berth to completion
of coasting, one file for the ocean passage and one file for the passage
entering coastal waters to berth. This will allow only the relevant alarms
to be activated when performing the “safety check” of the passage
planning on ECDIS. As the alarm parameters will be different for
different areas, if there is only a single leg several non-relevant alarms
can be raised for coastal part of this leg. Safety depth and contour
settings would be different during ocean passage and in coastal waters.
Prior to departure the Master must approve and sign the passage plan.
Any subsequent changes to the plan must be approved and initialled.
7. Prior to departure checks must be done for confirming functioning of
inputs from sensors. In case required the input must be aligned with the
ECDIS. The inputs must be clearly displayed on the ECDIS. The following
must be tested:
i. Display Mode adjusted accordingly. Day/Night/Brilliance
ii. ENC or Raster in use?
iii. Check WGS-84 datum in GPS and ECDIS (S57 charts produced in
WGS-84 datum)
iv. Status of RADAR/AIS/ARPA Overlay
 v. GPS input and GPS not in Dead Reckoning mode
vi. ECDIS alarm not muted
vii. Echo Sounder programmed in DBS mode?
viii. Vessel’s draught + UKC? ]
ix. Safety setting - depth alarm checked
x. Safety alarm - safety contour checked
xi. Gyro input and correct heading being displayed.
xii. Speed input and speed over ground being correctly displayed.

Passage Plan chart work

I. Courses and distances (Course 12nm from Nearest land, if no special work.)
II. Information given by Notice to Mariners, T & P notices and any authentic
Navigation warnings should be updated.
III. No-Go Areas to be clearly shown by marking on the chart. Care must be
taken to avoid over marking of No-Go areas. Marking of No-Go areas should
be reserved for those areas where the attention of the Navigator needs to
be drawn to a danger, such as shallow waters or a wreck close to the course
line. Some No-Go areas may vary with changes in draft and tide and will
therefore vary with the passage time. There should therefore not be
permanently marked.
IV. The position where it is required to change to the next chart shall be clearly
shown, giving the next chart’s number. (Paper Chart)
V. Methods and frequency of position plotting. ]
VI. Prominent navigation and radar marks.
VII. Landfall targets and lights. Clearing line and bearing.
VIII. Transits, heading marks and leading lines where applicable. Significant tides
or current.
IX. Planned wheel-over positions to be marked on the chart.
X. Appropriate parallel index (PI) to be marked on the chart. This should not be
marked from floating objects unless their position has first been verified.
Also, targets should be safe and easy to identify, radar conspicuous, located
outside the clutter field, and limited to a number sufficient for safe
 navigation.
XI. Safe speed and required speed changes.
XII. Changes in bridge team status and machinery status.
XIII. Minimum Under Keel Clearance.
XIV. End or beginning of sea passage, change of speed, pilot embarking point,
tugs point, and Anchor stations shown on the applicable charts.
XV. Last point at which the passage can be aborted, and the ship cannot
commit herself to proceed further (Abort point) to be shown on the chart.
XVI. Contingency plan such as alternative routes, safe anchorages, waiting areas
and emergency berths after having passes the abort point to be shown on
the chart.
XVII. Positions where echo sounders must be switched on.
XVIII. VTS and reporting points to the relevant authority to be marked on the
chart.
XIX. Crossing and high traffic density areas.
XX. Position where anchors must be cleared, and flags must be raised.
XXI. Safe distance off, and Available Cross track margins
XXII. Air draft when passing under bridges/power lines/cable cars etc.

Route planning on ECDIS shall be considered as one of the elements of passage

planning and not as an entire process of Passage Planning. A comprehensive
passage plan shall include details marked on the appropriate ENC charts as well
listed as in Passage Plan. Planned courses should be charted on back up ECDIS
and the secondary navigation means must be kept ready for use in case
Primary ECDIS emergency. Route Planning function in ECDIS forms a part of
appraisal and planning of passage and it is achieved by completing the
following steps;
Procurement of cells / charts and updates.
Set Up (initial and route settings)
Route Creation.
No. Factor Yes No
1 Parallel indexing (not from floating objects unless they have been first Keep track
checked for position); PI indicate proper
range
2 Chart changes; 1 course 1
3 Methods and frequency of position fixing; Depends on PI( minimum)
4 Prominent navigation and radar marks; traffic/Depth

5 No-go areas (the excessive marking of no-go areas should be

No-go Area
discouraged – see below); calculation
6 Landfall targets and lights; Alarm setting

7 Clearing lines and bearings;

8 Transits, heading marks and leading lines;
9 Significant tides or current; Current/Tide on ETA
10 Safe speed and necessary speed alterations, if necessary;
11 Changes in machinery status / Position of SBE;
12 Minimum under keel clearance;
13 Positions where the echo sounder should be activated;
14 Crossing and high density traffic areas;
15 Safe distance off; Contingency anchorage
16 Anchor clearance; : Before & After Abort Line, Can
put anywhere of importance
17 Contingency plans, anchorage;
18 Abort positions;
Abort Line : Point of no
19 VTS and reporting points, etc., return
20 Margin of safety
21 Wheel over position
22 Additional information such Navigational warning which get from Navtex &
Inmarsat-C
23 Master calling point
24 Waypoints, Courses and Distances
25 Position to be changed to manual steering prior to entering restricted
water & congested traffic area.
(Note: Record in bell book & deck logbook for time and location of change
the hand steering mode)
26 Environmental protection measures to be mentioned on passage
plan“3.Outbound Passage Plan”, “ 4.Ocean Passage Plan”, “5.In Bound
Passage Plan”, and “6.Others 17) Environmental Protection”.
3. Passage Execution and Monitoring
When setting up the ECDIS for passage monitoring the following must be
ensured ECDIS should store and be able to reproduce certain minimum
elements required to reconstruct the navigation and verify the official database
used during the previous 12 hours. The following data should be recorded at
one-minute intervals: a) To ensure a record of own ship's past track: time,
position, heading, and speed; and b) To ensure a record of official data used:
ENC source, edition, date, cell, and update history. In addition, ECDIS should be
set up so as to record the complete track for the entire voyage, with time marks
at intervals not exceeding 4 Hours.
In comparison to paper charts, ECDIS is equipped with a series of functions to
assist the mariner in conducting the planned voyage.