MICROSCOPY 1

This set of Microbiology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Light
Microscope”.
1. Which part of the compound microscope helps in gathering and focusing light rays on
the specimen to be viewed?
a) Eyepiece lens
b) Objective lens
c) Condenser lens
d) Magnifying lens
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Compound microscope contains three separate lens systems. The
condenser lens is placed between the light source and the specimen and it gathers and
focuses the light rays in the plane of the microscopic field to view the specimen.
2. What is the minimum distance for the eye to focus any object?
a) 11 cm
b) 25 cm
c) 32 cm
d) 4 2 cm
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The eye cannot focus on objects brought closer to it less than 25 cm; this
is, accordingly the distance of maximal effective magnification. An object must also
subtend an angle at the eye of 1 degree or greater.
3. Resolving power of a microscope is a function of____________
a) Wavelength of light used
b) Numerical aperture of lens system
c) Refractive index
d) Wavelength of light used and numerical aperture of lens system
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The ability of a microscope to distinguish two adjacent points as distinct
and separate is known as resolving power. Resolving power is a function of wavelength
of light used and the numerical aperture (NA) of the lens system.NA refers to the
refractive index of the medium multiplied with the sine value of the half-aperture angle.
4. The greatest resolution in light microscopy can be obtained with ___________
a) Longest wavelength of visible light used
b) An objective with minimum numerical aperture
c) Shortest wavelength of visible light used
d) Shortest wavelength of visible light used and an objective with the maximum
numerical aperture
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The relationship between numerical aperture (NA) and resolution is:-
Resolution (d) = wavelength / 2(NA)
Thus maximum resolution is obtained with the shortest wavelength of visible light and an
objective with the maximum NA.
5. Oil immersion objective lens has an NA value of____________
a) 0.65
b) 0.85
c) 1.33
d) 1.00
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: NA = refractive index * sine (half-aperture angle).
The maximum NA for a dry objective is less than 1.0 as the refractive index of air is
1.The values of NA for oil immersion lens is slightly greater than 1.0 in the range of (1.2
to 1.4) as the refractive index of oil is 1.56.
6. In fluorescence microscopy, which of the following performs the function of removing
all light except the blue light?
a) Exciter filter
b) Barrier filter
c) Dichroic mirror
d) Mercury arc lamp
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: In fluorescence microscopy, the function of the exciter filter is to remove all
but the blue light; the barrier filter blocks out blue light and allows any other light emitted
by the fluorescing specimen to pass through and reach the eye.
7. Total Magnification is obtained by__________
a) Magnifying power of the objective lens
b) Magnifying power of eyepiece
c) Magnifying power of condenser lens
d) Magnifying power of both the objective lens and eyepiece
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The total magnification is determined by multiplying the magnifying power
of the objective by that of the eyepiece. Generally, an eyepiece having a magnification of
10X is used although eyepieces of higher or lower magnifications are available.
8. In light microscopy, which of the following is used as fixatives prior to staining
technique?
a) Osmic acid
b) Glutaraldehyde
c) Heat
d) Osmic acid, glutaraldehyde, heat
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Most staining techniques kill cells and so preliminary to staining, the cells
are sometimes fixed. Commonly used chemical fixatives include osmic acid and mainly
glutaraldehyde. But for light microscopy heat is the most commonly used fixative.
9. In Phase contrast microscopy, the rate at which light enters through objects
is__________
a) Constant
b) Inversely proportional to their refractive indices
c) Directly proportional to their refractive indices
d) Exponentially related to their refractive indices
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Phase contrast microscopy is based on the fact that the rate at which light
travels through objects is inversely related to their refractive indices. Since the frequency
of light waves is independent of the medium through which they travel, the phase of a
light ray passing through an object of higher refractive index than the surrounding
medium will be relatively retarded.
10. Which part of the light microscope controls the intensity of light entering the viewing
area?
a) Coarse adjustment screw
b) Fine adjustment screw
c) Diaphragm
d) Condenser lens
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: On the condenser is mounted a shutter like apparatus called the diaphragm
which opens and closes to permit more or less light into the viewing area. Condenser
lens just helps in condensing the light rays. Coarse and fine adjustment screws are used
for focusing under different power lens.
Kind of electron microscope which is used to study
internal structure of cells is
A. scanning electron microscope
B. transmission electron microscope
C. light microscope
D. compound microscope
Answer –B
Electrons of Scanning Electron Microscope are reflected
through
A. glass funnel
B. specimen
C. metal-coated surfaces
D. vacuum chamber
Magnification of light microscope is
A. 1500X
B. 2000X
C. 1000X
D. 2500X
Answer-A
Photograph which is taken from microscope is known as
A. macrograph
B. monograph
C. micrograph
D. pictograph
Answer –C
Object can be magnified under electron microscope about
A. 350, 000 times
B. 250, 000 times
C. 300, 000 times
D. 450, 000 times
Answer -C

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This set of Microbiology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Light

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