ART 002 REVIEWER (Quiz and Exam)

MODULE I Defining Art and its Purposes  Social and Cultural

Art explores cultural identity,
ART
reflecting and celebrating cultural
 Etymological Meaning narratives, landscapes, and
o Derived from the Latin word "ars," contemporary diversity.
meaning skill or craft. Significance in Society
 Philosophical Perspective
o John Dewey's "Art as Experience"  Self-expression and Identity
(1934): Art is a culmination of human o Art facilitates personal growth, self-
experiences, emotions, an interaction, reflection, and cultural pride, allowing
emphasizing as a process rather than a individuals and communities to express
product. and communicate their identities.
o Guillermo's "Image to Meaning":  Catalyst for Change
Artworks are analyzed for their capacity o Art inspires societal transformations by
to convey complex social and historical raising awareness and challenging
narratives beyond their visible subjects. norms, sparking discussions and actions
 Cultural and Historical Views around social, political, or cultural
o It serves as expression, communication issues.
and reflection of societal values,  Bridge Between Cultures
conveying narratives, histories and o Art transcends cultural boundaries,
cultural traditions. fostering cross-cultural understanding
 Aesthetic Perspective and appreciation through cultural
o Art is defined by its capacity to evoke exchange and dialogue.
sensory, emotional, and intellectual
MODULE II Exploring the Nature of Art,
responses through its beauty and
Appreciation, Creativity, and Imagination
expressive qualities.
o Key Elements of the Aesthetical  Creativity - refers to our instinctive and intuitive
Perspective: power as the highest form of species. Creativity
1. Beauty and Form (Leonardo da Vinci is universal.
“Mona Lisa”)  Imagination - the ability to produce and simulate
2. Emotional Impact (Vincent van Gogh novel objects, peoples and ideas in the mind
“Starry Night”) without any immediate input of the senses.
3.Sensory Experience Imagination is the ability to form a mental image
4.Expressiveness of something that is not perceived through the
five senses.
Purposes of Art o Imagination produces art and vice versa.
 Religious and Spiritual  Expression - the ability to convey meaning. It
Art serves worship, rituals, and involves low level skills such as spelling,
spiritual expression across faiths, punctuation, capitalization, and grammar, but
seen in religious iconography, also high-level composition skills such as
sacred architecture, and ceremonial planning, organization, determining content, and
objects. revision to express information effectively.
 Political
Art acts as propaganda, activism,
and social commentary, advocating
for causes and challenging norms
through political murals, protest art,
etc.
MODULE III ASSUMPTION AND FUNCTIONS make paintings or sculptures that show their thoughts on
OF ARTS these topics.
Assumptions about Art: - Raising awareness: Art can help people learn about
things they might not know much about, like
1. Art is everywhere: This means that art can be found in
many places around us, not just in museums or galleries. endangered animals or different cultures. Artists might
create exhibitions or performances to share this
2. Art is not nature: This means that art is different from
knowledge.
the natural world around us. While nature includes
things like trees, animals, and mountains, art is created b. Cultural
by people to express ideas and emotions using different
- Preserving traditions: Art can help keep customs and
materials and techniques.
practices from the past alive. For example, making
3. Art is imitating and creating: This means that artists traditional crafts or performing dances that have been
often observe the world around them and then use their passed down through generations.
imagination and skills to create something new. They
- Fostering identity: Art can show who you are and
might paint a picture of a flower they see in a garden, or
where you come from. It can include things like wearing
they might sculpt a statue of an animal they admire.
traditional clothing or singing songs from your culture.
4. Art perfects nature: This means that sometimes art can
-Promoting values: Art can teach important lessons and
make things even more beautiful or meaningful than
values. For instance, paintings or stories might teach
they are in nature. For example, a painting of a sunset
about kindness, honesty, or bravery.
might capture the colors and feelings of the moment in a
way that makes it even more special than seeing the 3. Political
sunset itself.
- Art that aims to comment on, influence, or protest
5. Art's message is universal: This means that art can be political issues, ideologies, events, or movements.
understood and appreciated by people from different
places and cultures. Even if someone doesn't speak the - The political function of art involves using various art
same language as the artist, they can still feel the forms and mediums as vehicles for political expression,
emotions and ideas that the artwork is trying to convey. criticism, and activism. Artists create works that address
political themes, challenge existing power structures, or
Functions of Art: bring attention to injustices and inequalities within
societies.
1. Personal/Emotional
Examples: Protest Art, Propaganda Art, Social
- Self-expression: This means showing your feelings,
Commentary, Activist Art.
thoughts, or ideas through art. For example, painting a
picture or writing a poem about how you feel. 4. Decorative/Aesthetic:
-Emotional release: Art can help people let out their -Beautification: Art can make things look more attractive
feelings in a healthy way. For instance, drawing or or beautiful. For example, decorating a room with
writing when you're sad or angry can make you feel
better. paintings or adding designs to clothes.

- Personal growth: Creating art can help you learn new -Visual appeal: This means that art is nice to look at. It
things about yourself and grow as a person. When you can include things like colorful paintings, intricate
practice art, you get better at it, and you also learn about patterns, or graceful sculptures.
your strengths and what you enjoy. 5. Spiritual
2. Social/Cultural - Religious practices: Art has often been used in
a. Social religious ceremonies and rituals. This can include things
like making sacred paintings, sculptures, or music.
-Commentary: Art can be used to talk about important
issues in society, like fairness or equality. Artists might
-Ceremonies: Art can be part of special events or  Symbolism- Artists frequently employ symbols
celebrations, like weddings or festivals. People might to represent ideas, emotions, or qualities beyond
use art to decorate spaces or perform traditional dances. their literal appearance.
 Context: The cultural, historical, and social
-Spiritual expression: Some art is made to show feelings
context surrounding the creation of art
or beliefs about things that are bigger than just everyday
significantly influences its content.
life. For example, making sculptures or paintings that
 Artist’s Intent: At the core of every artwork lies
represent ideas about the soul or the afterlife.
the artist's intent—their personal vision,
thoughts, and emotions that they aim to express
through their creation.
MODULE IV: BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL
PERSPECTIVES OF ART
ART AS MIMESIS (Plato)
 The concept of art as mimesis refers to the idea
that art is an imitation or representation of
reality.
ART AS REPRESENTATION (Aristotle)
 Aristotle believes that art should be judged by
the accuracy and effectiveness of its imitation.
ART AS PURPOSIVE WITHOUT PURPOSE(Kant)
 Kant's idea that art seems intentional but lacks a
specific purpose beyond the aesthetic experience
it provides.
ART AS DASEIN (Heidegger)
 Heidegger's concept of art as a manifestation of
human existence and experience, reflecting the
human condition.
ART AS SUPREME OVER MORALITY
(Benedetto Croce)
 Croce's argument that art should not be judged
by moral standards but appreciated for its
aesthetic value.
MODULE V SUBJECT AND CONTENT
Subject: The subject of a piece of art encompasses the
identifiable objects or themes portrayed within it,
providing an answer to the question, "What is it about?"
 Representational- naturalistic/realistic- the
object is identifiable
 Abstract- combination of shapes and line, do not
directly depict the object. (unidentifiable)
Content: The content of a work of art delves into its
deeper meaning or message, addressing the question,
"What does it mean?"