SOLID
Writing Better Code with Java
By Marco A Vincenzi
🚀 If you've ever struggled with messy, hard-to-maintain
code, it was probably missing SOLID principles! These
five principles help make software modular, flexible, and
testable. Let’s break them down with practical Java
examples.
📌 Single Responsibility Principle (SRP)
"A class should have only one reason to change."
Bad Example: One class handles both order processing
and invoice generation.
Good Example: Separate responsibilities. Each class now
has a single responsibility!
📌 Open/Closed Principle (OCP)
"Open for extension, closed for modification."
Bad Example: Every new payment method requires
modifying the class.
Good Example: Use abstractions. Now, we can add new
payment types without modifying PaymentProcessor!
📌 Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP)
"Subclasses should be replaceable for their base class
without breaking functionality."
Bad Example: Penguin inherits a fly() method it cannot
use.
Good Example: Create proper abstractions. Now, only
birds that actually fly implement Flyable.
📌 Interface Segregation Principle (ISP)
"Don't force clients to depend on methods they don't
use."
Bad Example: One interface forces Robot to implement
eat().
Good Example: Split interfaces. Now, Robot doesn’t need
an unnecessary eat() method.
📌 Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP)
"Depend on abstractions, not concrete implementations."
Bad Example: DataManager is tightly coupled to
MySQLDatabase.
Good Example: Use an interface. Now, we can swap
MySQLDatabase with PostgreSQLDatabase without
modifying DataManager.