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Relations and Functions Class12 Notes

The document provides an overview of relations and functions in Class 12 Maths, defining key concepts such as relations, functions, and their types. It explains the characteristics of various functions, including injective, surjective, and bijective functions, as well as the concept of invertible functions and composition of functions. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of domain and range in analyzing functions and offers tips for studying the topic effectively.

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7 views2 pages

Relations and Functions Class12 Notes

The document provides an overview of relations and functions in Class 12 Maths, defining key concepts such as relations, functions, and their types. It explains the characteristics of various functions, including injective, surjective, and bijective functions, as well as the concept of invertible functions and composition of functions. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of domain and range in analyzing functions and offers tips for studying the topic effectively.

Uploaded by

raoanurajyadav0707
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Relations and Functions - Class 12 Maths Notes

Class 12 Maths - Chapter: Relations and Functions

1. RELATION:

- A relation R from a set A to a set B is a subset of A B.

- Types of relations:

a) Empty relation: No element is related.

b) Universal relation: All elements of A A are related.

c) Identity relation: Every element is related to itself.

d) Reflexive, Symmetric, Transitive and Equivalence relations.

2. FUNCTION:

- A relation f from A to B is a function if every element of A has a unique image in B.

- Domain: Set of all inputs (A).

- Co-domain: Set B.

- Range: Set of all outputs.

3. TYPES OF FUNCTIONS:

- One-One (Injective): Different elements of A map to different elements of B.

- Onto (Surjective): Every element of B is mapped by some element of A.

- Bijective: Both One-One and Onto.

4. INVERTIBLE FUNCTION:

- A function f is invertible if it is bijective.


- Inverse of f is denoted by f^(-1).

5. COMPOSITION OF FUNCTIONS:

- If f: A B and g: B C, then (g o f)(x) = g(f(x)).

6. SPECIAL FUNCTIONS:

- Identity Function: f(x) = x

- Constant Function: f(x) = c (where c is a constant)

- Polynomial, Rational, Modulus, Signum, Greatest Integer, Smallest Integer, and Exponential

functions.

7. DOMAIN & RANGE:

- Important for analyzing functions.

- Use definition and graphs for finding them.

8. FUNCTION AS A RULE:

- Can be represented by arrow diagrams, algebraic formulae, and graphs.

Tip: Focus on definitions, examples, and solving function problems using domain-range and algebra.

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