Fundamentals of
Programming
Overview of Programming
Fundamentals
Programming fundamentals focus on
teaching the core concepts and skills
required to write and understand code.
This foundation allows learners to
progress toward more advanced topics
like software development, algorithms,
and data structures. These skills are
universal, applicable across
programming languages and domains
Core Topics Covered in
Programming
Fundamentals
I. Introduction to Computers
II. Logical Thinking and Problem ➢ What is a computer?
Solving ➢ Computer architecture and binary system.
➢ Data storage and CPU fetch-execute cycle.
➢ Understanding conditions and loops.
➢ Creating basic algorithms.
➢ Tools like Scratch for beginners.
III. Introduction to Programming
Languages
IV. Core Programming Concepts ➢ Types of programming languages.
➢ Variables, data types, and operators. ➢ Translators: Compilers and interpreters.
➢ Conditional statements and loops. ➢ Writing your first program in Java.
➢ Memory management and functions.
➢ Introduction to arrays.
V. Object-Oriented Programming
(OOP)
➢ Classes and objects.
VI. Data Structures and Algorithms ➢ OOP principles: Encapsulation, inheritance,
polymorphism, and abstraction.
➢ Arrays, dynamic arrays, and linked lists. ➢ Method overloading and overriding
➢ Stacks, queues, and binary trees.
➢ Sorting algorithms (e.g., merge sort) and
binary search
VII. Advanced Topics
➢ Graphs and shortest path algorithms.
➢ Hash tables, greedy algorithms, and
dynamic programming.
➢ Introduction to software engineering and
version control.
Importance of Programming
Fundamentals
Problem-Solving Skills
1 Develop logical thinking and structured
problem-solving approaches.
Versatility
2 Provides a base for learning any
programming language or domain.
Career Opportunities
3 Opens doors to roles in software
development, data analysis, and more.
Efficiency
4 Helps understand how software works,
enabling better debugging and
optimization
Structure of the
Course
The programming fundamentals roadmap is structured across
several sessions to gradually build skills:
Introduction to Computers
1 Basic understanding of computer architecture and
memory.
Logical Thinking
2 Learning Scratch and creating algorithms
Programming Basics
3 Java introduction, IDE setup, and simple programs.
Core Concepts
4 Variables, loops, and conditional statements
Functions and Arrays
5 Memory management and data manipulation.
Object-Oriented Programming
6 Classes, objects, and OOP principles
Data Structures
7 Arrays, stacks, queues, and linked lists.
Algorithms
8 Sorting, searching, and advanced techniques
Projects and Applications
9 Building real-world projects to reinforce concepts.
Five Projects for
Different Levels
Beginner Level
A C
Basic Calculator Simple Bank System
o Skills: Variables,
operators, and basic o Skills: OOP principles
conditional logic. B and file handling.
o Purpose:
Understand Number Guessing o Purpose: Learn
input/output and Game about encapsulation
arithmetic and basic file I/O
operations.
o Skills: Loops and
conditional
statements.
o Purpose: Practice
logic and iteration
Advanced Level
A B
Student Management Maze Solver
System
o Skills: Advanced OOP, o Skills: Graph
collections, and algorithms (BFS,
algorithms. DFS) and recursion.
o Purpose: Build a robust o Purpose: Solve a
application to manage pathfinding problem
student data. using data
structures.
72B ElManial, Cairo, Egypt
(+02) 01222693446
info@coach-academy.net
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