Python Programming: Basics to Advanced
This tutorial will take you from the fundamentals of Python to advanced programming concepts. We
will cover syntax, data types, control structures, functions, OOP, file handling, error handling,
modules, libraries, and advanced topics like decorators, generators, and context managers.
Chapter 1: Introduction to Python
Python is a high-level, interpreted, and general-purpose programming language. It emphasizes
code readability with its use of significant indentation. Features: - Easy to learn - Open source -
Cross-platform - Rich standard library
Chapter 2: Setting Up Python
1. Download Python from https://python.org 2. Install and verify with 'python --version'. 3. Use an
IDE like PyCharm, VS Code, or Jupyter Notebook.
Chapter 3: Basic Syntax
- Variables and Data Types - Indentation rules - Comments: Single-line (#) and multi-line (''' ''') -
Printing output: print("Hello World")
Chapter 4: Data Types and Operators
Common Data Types: - int, float, str, bool - list, tuple, set, dict Operators: - Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %, //
- Comparison: ==, !=, <, >, <=, >= - Logical: and, or, not
Chapter 5: Control Structures
- if, elif, else - for loops - while loops - break, continue, pass
Chapter 6: Functions
Functions are reusable blocks of code. Syntax: def function_name(parameters): '''docstring''' # body
return value Types: - Built-in - User-defined - Lambda functions
Chapter 7: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
Concepts: - Class and Object - Inheritance - Polymorphism - Encapsulation - Abstraction Example:
class Car: def __init__(self, brand): self.brand = brand
Chapter 8: File Handling
- open(), read(), write(), close() - Modes: 'r', 'w', 'a', 'rb', 'wb' - With statement for automatic closing
Chapter 9: Error Handling
try: # code except Exception as e: print(e) else: # runs if no error finally: # always runs
Chapter 10: Advanced Python Topics
- Decorators - Generators and yield - Context Managers - Iterators - List comprehensions
Chapter 11: Popular Libraries
- NumPy (numerical computing) - Pandas (data manipulation) - Matplotlib (data visualization) -
Requests (HTTP requests) - Flask/Django (web development)
Conclusion
With these basics and advanced concepts, you can build a wide range of applications in Python.
Continue practicing and exploring documentation for deeper learning.