Myths & Realities of Prestressing

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The Myths and Realities of Prestressing
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The Myths and Reality of Prestressing

Rey C. D. Singh Manager, BBR Philippines Corporation
Overview
Introduction to prestressing To compare the myths and realities of prestressing The application of prestressing
What is prestressing ?
Definition of prestressing Pre-tensioning and Post-tensioning Bonded and Unbonded Post-tensioning System
Why is there a need for prestressing ?

Advantages of prestressing:
Advantages of prestressing
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Effective use of high strength material Shallow and attractive structure Long and economical span Control of deflection Elimination of crack Fire resistant characteristics
Advantages of prestressing
7. Self testing of structure during construction 8. Constructability of structure 9. Lighter structure saving on foundation
Myths of prestressing
1. Prestressing causes delay in construction works. 2. Prestressing is more costly when compare to conventional reinforced concrete works. 3. Prestressing causes hogging/chamber in the slabs. 4. Prestressing causes cracks and leakage
Myths of prestressing
5. Not able to create any future opening in prestressed slab. 6. Prestressing is not able to sustain earthquake design
Myths and Realities

Myth no. 1 : Prestressing causes delay in construction works Reality : Prestressing improves the construction cycles of typical concrete slabs
Myths and Realities

Typical layout of a RC beam & slab scheme
Myths and Realities

Typical layout of a PT flat plate scheme
Myths and Realities
Flat Plate
Myths and Realities
Flat Slab with Drop Panel
Myths and Realities
Flat Slab with Banded Beam
Myths and Realities

Myth no.1 Factors which improve productivity and thus increase the speed of construction:
1. Utilisation of system formwork 2. Use of wiremesh for bottom reinforcement 3. Ease of M & E installation
Myths and Realities

Time comparison between Prestressed and Reinforced Concrete slab
1 ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Conventio nal Reinforced Concrete Preparation of Formwork Lay ing of bottom reinf orcement Lay ing of top reinf orcement Inspection & casting Curing Remov al of formwork 11/11 Task Name Post-tensioning works Preparation of Formwork Lay ing of bottom reinf orcement Lay ing of prestressing tendons Lay ing of top reinf orcement Inspection & casting Curing Stressing Remov al of formwork 11/11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Myths and Realities

Myth no. 2 : Prestressing is more costly when compare to conventional reinforced concrete works. Reality : Prestressing is more economical when compared to conventional reinforced concrete works
Myths and Realities

Typical layout of a RC beam & slab scheme
Myths and Realities

Typical layout of a PT flat plate scheme
Myths and Realities

Cost comparison of Prestressing & Reinforced Concrete Works.
Prestressed Flat Plate
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE (S $) CONCRETE m3/m2 AMOUNT (S $)
Reinforced Concrete Beam & Slab

0.200
83
16.60
0.25
83
20.75
FORMWORK
m2/m2
1.000
21
21.00
FORMWORK
m2/m2
1.09
21
22.89
REBAR
kg/m2
9.0
0.90
8.10
REBAR
kg/m2
37.5
0.90
33.75
PRESTRESS
S $/m2
16.00
PRESTRESS
S $/m2
TOTAL
61.70
TOTAL
77.4
(A)
Residential 7.5 x 3.5 m grid
LL = 1.5 2 kN/m2
(1) Prestressed Flat Plate

(2) Reinforced Concrete

0.20
83.00
16.60
0.201
83.00
16.68
FORMWORK
m2/m2
1.00
21.00
21.00
FORMWORK
m2/m2
1.40
21.00
29.40
REBAR
kg/m2
10.00
0.90
9.00
REBAR
kg/m2
35.00
0.90
31.50
PRESTRESS
S $/m2
16.00
PRESTRESS
S $/m2
TOTAL
62.60
TOTAL
77.58
There is a savings of 20% in cost
(B)
Office 8 x 8 m grid
LL = 3 kN/m2 (2) Reinforced Concrete
(1) Prestressed Flat Plate

DESCRIPTION
UNIT
QTY
RATE (S $)
AMOUNT (S $)
0.23
83.00
18.68
CONCRETE
m3/m2
0.273
83.00
22.66
FORMWORK
m2/m2
1.00
21.00
21.00
FORMWORK
m2/m2
1.50
21.00
31.50
REBAR
kg/m2
12.00
0.90
10.80
REBAR
kg/m2
47.00
0.90
42.30
PRESTRESS
S $/m2
24.00
PRESTRESS
S $/m2
TOTAL
S $/m2
74.48
TOTAL
S $/m2
96.46
There is a savings of 23% in cost
(C)
Office 8 x 8 m grid
LL = 3 kN/m2
(3) Prestressed Flat Slab with Drop Panel

0.22
83.00
18.43
FORMWORK
m2/m2
1.03
21.00
21.63
REBAR
kg/m2
10.00
0.90
9.00
PRESTRESS
S $/m2
21.00
TOTAL
S $/m2
70.06
There is a savings of 28% in cost ( S$70.06 against S$96.46)
(D)
Office 12 x 8 m grid
LL = 3 kN/m2
(4) Prestressed Banded Beam & Slab

0.29
83.00
23.90
FORMWORK
m2/m2
1.08
21.00
22.68
REBAR
kg/m2
15.00
0.90
13.50
PRESTRESS
S $/m2
30.25
TOTAL
S $/m2
90.33
Even at longer span, there is savings ( S$90.06 against S$96.46)
Myths and Realities

Myth no. 3 : Prestressing causes hogging/chamber in the slabs works. Reality : Prestressing has been applied in the construction of hotels, offices, high end condominium, public housing & shopping complexes with marble tiles, ceremic tiles finishing.
Myths and Realities

Photograph showing the high end condominium and the public housing with tiles.
High end residential and commercial development in downtown Singapore
Myths and Realities

Public Housing at Choa Chu Kang, Singapore
Myths and Realities

Public Housing at Sembawang, Singapore
Myths and Realities

Public Housing at Woodlands, Singapore
Myths and Realities

Commercial and hotel development at Ermita Manila (Robinson Twin Tower)
Myths and Realities

Myth no. 4 : Prestressing causes cracks and leakage in the concrete. Reality : Prestressing induces the compression in the concrete thereby reducing the tensile stress that causes cracks in the concrete.
Myths and Realities

One of the largest water tank in California, USA
Myths and Realities
The layout of the proposed prestressed watertank construction in Singapore
Myths and Realities

Myth no. 5 : Not able to create future openings in prestressed slab. Reality : Openings can be created in the prestressed slab as per reinforced concrete slab
Myths and Realities
Myths and Realities
Myths and Realities
Myths and Realities
Myths and Realities
Myths and Realities

Cost and complexity comparison between RC and PS slab openings
Myths and Realities
Creating opening in prestressed slab for escalator pit
Myths and Realities
Creating opening in the prestressed slab for fountain feature
Myths and Realities
Locking back of tendons after cutting the strands
Myths and Realities
Creating a large opening and its structural support system
Myths and Realities

Therefore, openings can be made in both RC and PS structures. Creating opening in PS structure will cost slightly more than in RC structure. Creating opening in PS structure will require slightly more engineering consideration and analysis. Savings in the initial construction of Prestressed buildings far outweigh the slightly higher cost of alteration work.
Myths and Realities

Myth no. 6 : Prestressing is not able to withstand earthquake loading. Reality : Prestressing has used in many areas where earthquake has occurs frequently, for example, in Los Angeles, San Francisco in the US.
Some application of prestressing

In civil engineering works Commercial building,residential building Others
Segment being off-loaded from the low-loader
Lifting in progress
Fitting the segment in place
Construction of the pier San Juan Bridge, Laguna
Cantilevering construction of the bridge span
Another view of the San Juan Bridge, Laguna
Closing the last segment
Conclusion
Prestressing is comparable to RC structure, if not better, in terms of: Cost savings Time savings Ease of construction Flexibility

Myths & Realities of Prestressing

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Myths & Realities of Prestressing

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Your Logo Here

The Myths and Realities of Prestressing

Your Logo Here

The Myths and Reality of Prestressing

Why is there a need for prestressing ?

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Flat Slab with Drop Panel

Myths and Realities

Flat Slab with Banded Beam

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Reinforced Concrete Beam & Slab

Residential 7.5 x 3.5 m grid

(1) Prestressed Flat Plate

(2) Reinforced Concrete

There is a savings of 20% in cost

LL = 3 kN/m2 (2) Reinforced Concrete

(1) Prestressed Flat Plate

There is a savings of 23% in cost

(3) Prestressed Flat Slab with Drop Panel

There is a savings of 28% in cost ( S$70.06 against S$96.46)

(4) Prestressed Banded Beam & Slab

Even at longer span, there is savings ( S$90.06 against S$96.46)

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

High end residential and commercial development in downtown Singapore

Myths and Realities

Public Housing at Choa Chu Kang, Singapore

Myths and Realities

Public Housing at Sembawang, Singapore

Myths and Realities

Public Housing at Woodlands, Singapore

Myths and Realities

Commercial and hotel development at Ermita Manila (Robinson Twin Tower)

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

The layout of the proposed prestressed watertank construction in Singapore

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Myths and Realities

Creating opening in prestressed slab for escalator pit

Myths and Realities

Creating opening in the prestressed slab for fountain feature

Myths and Realities