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    Lubrication System: Internal Combustion Engines

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    Anonymous LFgO4WbID
    Lubrication is essential in internal combustion engines to reduce friction between moving parts, minimize wear and power loss, and provide cooling. There are three main types of lubrication systems: mist/petrol, wet sump, and dry sump. The wet sump system is most common, using an oil pump to circulate oil through drilled passages and lubricate engine components like the crankshaft and connecting rods. It is simpler and lighter than a dry sump system, which stores extra oil outside the engine for better lubrication under demanding conditions at the cost of increased complexity. Proper lubrication is vital for optimal engine performance and longevity.

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    Lubrication System: Internal Combustion Engines

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous LFgO4WbID
    66 views24 pages
    Lubrication is essential in internal combustion engines to reduce friction between moving parts, minimize wear and power loss, and provide cooling. There are three main types of lubrication systems: mist/petrol, wet sump, and dry sump. The wet sump system is most common, using an oil pump to circulate oil through drilled passages and lubricate engine components like the crankshaft and connecting rods. It is simpler and lighter than a dry sump system, which stores extra oil outside the engine for better lubrication under demanding conditions at the cost of increased complexity. Proper lubrication is vital for optimal engine performance and longevity.

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    Lubrication is essential in internal combustion engines to reduce friction between moving parts, minimize wear and power loss, and provide cooling. There are three main types of lubrication systems: mist/petrol, wet sump, and dry sump. The wet sump system is most common, using an oil pump to circulate oil through drilled passages and lubricate engine components like the crankshaft and connecting rods. It is simpler and lighter than a dry sump system, which stores extra oil outside the engine for better lubrication under demanding conditions at the cost of increased complexity. Proper lubrication is vital for optimal engine performance and longevity.

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    66 views24 pages

    Lubrication System: Internal Combustion Engines

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous LFgO4WbID
    Lubrication is essential in internal combustion engines to reduce friction between moving parts, minimize wear and power loss, and provide cooling. There are three main types of lubrication systems: mist/petrol, wet sump, and dry sump. The wet sump system is most common, using an oil pump to circulate oil through drilled passages and lubricate engine components like the crankshaft and connecting rods. It is simpler and lighter than a dry sump system, which stores extra oil outside the engine for better lubrication under demanding conditions at the cost of increased complexity. Proper lubrication is vital for optimal engine performance and longevity.

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    LUBRICATION SYSTEM

    IN

    INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

    Need for Lubrication


    In an I.C. engine, moving parts rub against each

    other causing frictional force. Due to the frictional force, heat is generated and the engine parts wear easily. Power is also lost due to friction, since more power is required to drive an engine having more friction between rubbing surfaces. To reduce the power lost and also wear and tear of the moving part substance called lubricant is introduced between, the rubbing surfaces.

    Functions of a Lubricant
    Lubricant reduces friction between moving part.

    It reduces wear and tear of the moving parts.


    It minimizes power loss due to friction. It provides cooling effect. While lubricating it also

    carries some heat from the moving parts and delivers it to the surroundings through the bottom of the engine (crank case). It helps reduce noise created by the moving parts.

    Engine parts to be lubricated


    Crank shaft

    Crank pin
    Big and small end of the connecting rode Piston pin Internal surfaces of cylinder walls Piston rings Valve mechanisms Cam shaft etc.

    Types of lubrication system

    Petrol lubrication system or Mist lubrication

    system.
    Wet sump lubrication system. Dry sump lubrication system.

    Petrol Lubrication System


    This system of lubrication is used in scooters and

    motor cycles. About 3% to 6% of lubricating oil is added with petrol in the petrol tank. The petrol evaporates when the engine is working. The lubricating oil is left behind in the form of mist. The parts of the engine such as piston cylinder walls, connecting rod are lubricated by being wetted with the oil mist.

    Two Stroke I.C Engine

    Disadvantages
    If the added oil is less, there will not be sufficient

    lubrication and even result in seizure of the engine.


    If the added oil is more, it will lead to excess

    exhaust smoke and carbon deposits in the cylinder, exhaust parts and spark plugs.

    Wet sump Lubrication System


    Engine Lubrication

    Two types of wet sump engine lubrication

    systems are used in internal-combustion engines. They are:


    Splash system The pressure-feed system.

    The pressure-feed system, with small

    modifications, is the more popular for more popular for modern automobile engines. The splash system is used on most lawn mower and outboard engines.
    A wet-sump system is simple, low cost, and light

    weight. That's why virtually every production engine in the world uses wet-sump lubrication.

    Pressure feed system


    In the pressure-feed system, oil is forced by the

    oil pump through oil lines and drilled passageways. The oil, passing through the drilled passageways under pressure, supplies the necessary lubrication for the crankshaft main bearings, the connecting-rod bearings piston-pin bushings, camshaft bearings, valve lifters, valve push rods, and rocker studs. Oil passing through the oil lines is directed to the timing gears and the valve rocker shafts in order to lubricate these parts.

    Pressure feed system

    Pressure feed system

    The cylinder walls are lubricated by oil thrown off the

    connecting-rod and piston-pin bearings. Some engines have oil spit holes in the connecting rods that line up with drilled holes in the crankshaft journal during each revolution, and through or spit a steam of oil onto the cylinder walls. Since the oil in the passageways is under pressure, each time the drilled holes in the crankshaft and connecting rod line up with the holes in the bearings, the pressure forces the oil through these drilled passages into the crankshaft and connecting rod, lubricating their respective bearings.

    After the oil has been forced to the area requiring

    lubrication, it falls back down into the oil pan ready to be picked up again and returned through the system.

    As the oil falls, it is frequently splashed by the

    moving parts onto some other part requiring lubrication.

    The Splash system


    The splash system is used only on small four-

    stroke-cycle engines such as lawn mower engines. As the engine is operating, dippers on the ends of the connecting rods enter the oil supply, pick up sufficient oil to lubricate the connecting-rod bearing, and splash oil to the upper parts of the engine. The oil is thrown up as droplets, or fine spray, which lubricates the cylinder walls, piston pins and valve mechanism.

    Splash system

    Dry Sump Lubrication System


    In a wet sump, the oil pump sucks oil from the

    bottom of the oil pan through a tube, and then pumps it to the rest of the engine. In a dry sump, extra oil is stored in a tank outside the engine rather than in the oil pan. There are at least two oil pumps in a dry sump -one pulls oil from the sump and sends it to the tank, and the other takes oil from the tank and sends it to lubricate the engine. The minimum amount of oil possible remains in the engine.

    Dry sump Lubrication

    A dry-sump system has several advantages over

    wet, but the main one is additional power.

    Because there is only a minimum of oil in the pan,

    windageoil clinging to or splashing against the rotating assemblies of the engine is greatly reduced.

    In addition to evacuating oil from the pan, the

    external oil pump creates a vacuum inside the pan and block that further increases horsepower by improving ring seal.

    Other advantages of a dry-sump system are

    increased oil capacity because of the external tank, the ability to easily add remote oil coolers, and because the pan doesnstore oil, it can be quite shallow to allow for lower engine placement.

    Disadvantages
    A dry-sump system is
    More complicated, More expensive, and Heavier, but it offers continuous lubrication under all

    conditions and the promise of increased power through reduced windage.

    QUERIES

    tHANK YOU!!
    -MIHIR

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