Lab Report 2 Agr318

DIPLOMA IN PLANTING INDUSTRY MANAGEMENT
AT110
AGR318
MECHANIZATION OF ESTATE OPERATION
LAB REPORT 2: ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM
GROUP:
AGR3185G2
PREPARED BY:
JENEVY ELVY DUSIL
(2021824134)
PREPARED FOR:
MR MUHAMMAD MUZJAMIL BIN BAHTIARD
1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The engine lubrication system is designed to deliver clean oil at the correct
temperature and pressure to every part of the engine. Proper lubrication can extend engine
life and improve performance. The main purpose of the engine lubrication is to reduce
friction and prevent erosion and loss of power caused. Engine parts that are eroded will not
be conducted well and the efficiency will decrease. While inside the cylinder, engine parts
that are eroded will cause a leak during compression. All of these things lead to loss of
power.
Generally, the engine can be lubricated by the three methods in which each design of
the engine is slightly different. The methods are splash lubrication system, petrol lubrication
system and forced lubrication system. The forced lubrication system is the latest and most of
the new engines use this system.
2.0 OBJECTIVES
1. To classify the type of engine lubrication system
2. To identify the components involved in engine lubrication
3. To learn how the engine lubrication system works.
3.0 APPARATUS
Engine Lubrication System Model
4.0 PROCEDURE
1. The construction of the engine lubrication system was identified.
2. The operation principle of the lubrication system was learned.
3. The diagram of the lubrication system was drawn and labeled.
4. The function of each lubrication system component was stated.
5. The operation principle of the lubrication system was explained.
2
Component Function
Cylinder wall To reduce friction between the piston and

cylinder, ensuring smooth movement and
minimizing wear.
Connecting rod To improve the lubrication of the bearings
Main bearing To support and assist the rotation of the

crankshaft within the engine while
decreasing friction and wear through ideal
lubrication.
Piston Helps in the pumping and transfer of oil

across multiple engine components
Oil passage Picks up heat from various engine

components to reduce heat and friction.
Oil pump Transferring oil for engine lubrication and

increasing oil pressure
Dipper Mechanism that dips into an oil

reservoir,collects lubricant, and distributes it
across the different components
3
Principle of lubrication system:
The engine's lubrication system ensures that essential components have enough oil to run
smoothly. Oilways deliver oil from the main gallery to the crankshaft and camshaft bearings'
primary bearings. Oil is directed from the main bearing to the small end of the connecting
rod, lubricating it. Excess oil is sprayed over the cylinder liner, oil rings, and timing chains to
lubricate them. An oil pressure gauge and warning bulb switch monitor oil pressure at the
back end. A restricted feed line delivers oil to the rocker shaft, which lubricates the rocker
arm. Excess rocker shaft oil is sprayed to lubricate the valve stem and spring. Gravity pulls
all extra oil back to the oil sump.
5.0 DISCUSSION
The engine's lubrication system is essential for maintaining optimal efficiency while
minimising damage. By ensuring a consistent flow of oil, it decreases friction between
components that move such as pistons and bearings. This reduces wear and tear, improves
efficiency, and increases the engine's lifespan. Furthermore, the lubrication system helps in
the disposal of heat generated during engine operation, reducing overheating. Friction would
rise without enough lubrication, resulting in excessive heat, wear, and potential engine
failure.
6.0 QUESTION
1. Explain how splash lubrication system work.
Splash lubrication is a simple and widely used method of lubricating moving
components in internal combustion engines. A pool of lubricating oil is kept at the
bottom of the engine case in this method. Engine components, such as the crankshaft
and connecting rods, dip into the oil reservoir as they rotate. The oil is splashed onto
other components by the spinning parts, providing lubrication to minimise friction and
heat. Gravity keeps the oil flowing back into the reservoir.
2. Why the lubrication system important in the engine?

The engine's lubrication system is essential for reducing friction between moving
parts, preventing wear and tear, dispersing heat, and maintaining smooth operation. It
contributes to the engine's lifespan, efficiency, and overall performance by decreasing
friction-related damage while encouraging proper internal component operation.
4
3. What are the types of the lubrication oil?
a) Splash lubrication
b) Force feed lubrication
c) Oil mist lubrication
4. Why the oil filters need to change during changing of the lubricant oil? What is the
use of oil filter?
Oil filters must be replaced during an oil change because they accumulate dirt, sludge,
and pollutants over time. The major role of the oil filter is to remove these particles
from the lubricating oil, keeping them from circulating and causing harm in the
engine. Regular replacement ensures that the filter continues to be efficient in
maintaining engine cleanliness and health.

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DIPLOMA IN PLANTING INDUSTRY MANAGEMENT

MECHANIZATION OF ESTATE OPERATION

LAB REPORT 2: ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM

JENEVY ELVY DUSIL

MR MUHAMMAD MUZJAMIL BIN BAHTIARD

Cylinder wall To reduce friction between the piston and

Connecting rod To improve the lubrication of the bearings

Main bearing To support and assist the rotation of the

Piston Helps in the pumping and transfer of oil

Oil passage Picks up heat from various engine

Oil pump Transferring oil for engine lubrication and

Dipper Mechanism that dips into an oil

2. Why the lubrication system important in the engine?

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