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    Calorimetry

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    Juliana Barnes
    This document describes a calorimetry experiment to determine heats of solution. The goals are to measure the heat capacity of a calorimeter and determine the heats of solution of sodium acetate and sodium acetate trihydrate. The procedure involves calibrating the calorimeter by mixing warm and cool water, then using it to mix sodium acetate or trihydrate with water while measuring temperature changes. Calculations will yield the calorimeter's heat capacity and molar heats of solution, which will be compared to accepted values to determine accuracy. Proper technique, measurements, calculations, and analysis of results are emphasized.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Calorimetry

    Uploaded by

    Juliana Barnes
    200 views11 pages
    This document describes a calorimetry experiment to determine heats of solution. The goals are to measure the heat capacity of a calorimeter and determine the heats of solution of sodium acetate and sodium acetate trihydrate. The procedure involves calibrating the calorimeter by mixing warm and cool water, then using it to mix sodium acetate or trihydrate with water while measuring temperature changes. Calculations will yield the calorimeter's heat capacity and molar heats of solution, which will be compared to accepted values to determine accuracy. Proper technique, measurements, calculations, and analysis of results are emphasized.

    Original Description:

    Instructions on calorimetry

    Original Title

    2. Calorimetry (2)

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    This document describes a calorimetry experiment to determine heats of solution. The goals are to measure the heat capacity of a calorimeter and determine the heats of solution of sodium acetate and sodium acetate trihydrate. The procedure involves calibrating the calorimeter by mixing warm and cool water, then using it to mix sodium acetate or trihydrate with water while measuring temperature changes. Calculations will yield the calorimeter's heat capacity and molar heats of solution, which will be compared to accepted values to determine accuracy. Proper technique, measurements, calculations, and analysis of results are emphasized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    200 views11 pages

    Calorimetry

    Uploaded by

    Juliana Barnes
    This document describes a calorimetry experiment to determine heats of solution. The goals are to measure the heat capacity of a calorimeter and determine the heats of solution of sodium acetate and sodium acetate trihydrate. The procedure involves calibrating the calorimeter by mixing warm and cool water, then using it to mix sodium acetate or trihydrate with water while measuring temperature changes. Calculations will yield the calorimeter's heat capacity and molar heats of solution, which will be compared to accepted values to determine accuracy. Proper technique, measurements, calculations, and analysis of results are emphasized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    Calorimetry:

    Determination of Heats of Solution


    CHEM 1001/1005 (pages: 47-57)

    2012

    Goals
    Measure the heat capacity (Ccal) of a constantpressure calorimeter
    Determine the heat of solution (Hsoln) of

    (anhydrous) Sodium acetate (Na2C2H3O2)

    Sodium acetate trihydrate (Na2C2H3O23H2O)

    Theory: First Law of Thermodynamics


    Heat (q) of the universe is ZERO
    quniverse = 0
    qwarm + qcool + qcalorimeter = 0
    qreaction + qsolution + qcalorimeter = 0
    So,
    and

    qcalorimeter = - (qwarm + qcool )


    qreaction = - ( qsolution + qcalorimeter ) = Hreaction
    because P = 0

    Theory: Heat Capacity vs. Specific heat


    Heat capacity (C)
    qcalorimeter = - (qwarm + qcool ) = Ccalorimeter T

    Specific heat ()
    q = m water T
    = m 4.184 J/(g* C) T
    (q: qwarm, qcool, qsolution)
    4

    Apparatus
    Note: When shaking the calorimeter,
    DO NOT allow the GoLink device
    to move around. It may get damaged!

    Hold the calorimeter


    by the tubing when
    stoppering/removing
    temperature probe.

    Procedure: I. Calibrate the calorimeter (3 trials)


    Set up the calorimeter (get warm water heating to save time!)
    Collect water (15.0 mL) to calorimeter, record T1i
    Warm up water to 80oC, collect 20.0 mL into a
    Logger Pro Measurements
    styrofoam cup, to record T2i
    Collect (at the start of trial)
    Shake 60s
    Pour them to calorimeter, record Tf
    Wait 100s
    Record temperature

    Note: Equations on P.52 for calculation of CCalorimeter


    Volume (mL) Mass (g) T (C)
    Cool (room temperature water) 15.0

    15.0

    T1i

    Logger Pro

    Warm (heated water)

    20.0

    T2i

    Regular thermometer

    Tf

    Logger Pro

    Calorimeter (mixed water)

    20.0

    Procedure: II. Measure heat of solution


    Dry calorimeter and thermometer
    Collect water (35.0 mL), add to calorimeter, record Ti
    Weigh (use weighing bottle) NaC2H3O2 (1.5000 g). Do
    this quickly!!

    Transfer NaC2H3O2 to calorimeter, record Tf


    Repeat with 2.0000 g, 2.5000 g, 3.0000 g of NaC2H3O2
    Repeat for NaC2H3O23H2O
    (have one table for each salt)

    Trial Mass
    (g)
    1

    1.5000

    2.0000

    2.5000

    3.0000

    Ti (C) Tf (C)

    Pop Question: Whats wrong with this picture?

    Things to Remember
    NaC2H3O2 is hygroscopic, weigh & transfer it fast
    Record exact mass (analytical balance) and volume (graduated
    cylinder)
    Volume must be exactly what is prescribed
    Dry calorimeter & thermometer before each run
    Distilled water should be room temperature. Can use bottle.
    Uncertainty of top-loading balance ( 0.0001 g), 50mlgraduated cylinder ( 0.1 mL), thermometer ( 0.2oC)
    Molar heat of solution of sodium acetate (-17.3 KJ/mol) and
    sodium acetate trihydrate (19.7 KJ/mol) at 25oC
    Clean up and inventory your station before youre signed out.
    9

    After-lab Write-up DUE: Next lab Period


    Calculation
    1.
    2.
    3.

    Heat capacity of your calorimeter


    Molar heat of solution of sodium acetate and sodium acetate trihydrate for each
    experiment you carried out. Tabulate the values. (Eight values in total)
    Average value for each molar heat of solution, and compare them with the accepted
    values. Calculate the relative spread and relative error

    Discussion
    - Around one paragraph, discussion high/low results and questions 4 and 5 on lab manual
    See P.57

    Conclusion
    - One or two sentences, summary of all results

    Quality of discussion and conclusion (what we look for in these sections)


    1.
    2.

    In discussion list two reasons why results are high/low and answers of questions
    4&5
    In conclusion report the heat capacity of your calorimeter, average H values,
    relative errors, relative spreads
    10

    2. Molar Heat of solution, Hm

    Hm= - [ qsolution + qcalorimeter ]/moles of Na2C2H3O2


    = - [ (msolution*solution* Tsolution) + (Ccal * Tcal) ]
    moles Na2C2H3O2
    Note: msolution = msalt + mwater
    solution = 4.184 J/(g*C)
    T = Tfinal - Tinitial
    3-iii. Relative Error: | Accepted value - Experimental value | X 100%
    (a.k.a. % Error)
    Accepted value
    11

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