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    Translation Theories

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    A. A. Suleiman
    The document discusses translation and the role of translators. It defines a translator as a bilingual mediator between monolingual speakers of different languages who decodes a message in one language and re-encodes it in another. A translator must be proficient in both the source and target languages, familiar with translation theory and principles, and aware of the cultures of both language communities. There are two main theories of translation - formal equivalence, which aims to preserve original meaning and structure, and dynamic equivalence, which prioritizes readability and natural flow. An effective translator understands the author's intent, translates the overall message clearly without literal word-for-word translation, and employs common language that is easily understood.

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    Translation Theories

    Uploaded by

    A. A. Suleiman
    205 views10 pages
    The document discusses translation and the role of translators. It defines a translator as a bilingual mediator between monolingual speakers of different languages who decodes a message in one language and re-encodes it in another. A translator must be proficient in both the source and target languages, familiar with translation theory and principles, and aware of the cultures of both language communities. There are two main theories of translation - formal equivalence, which aims to preserve original meaning and structure, and dynamic equivalence, which prioritizes readability and natural flow. An effective translator understands the author's intent, translates the overall message clearly without literal word-for-word translation, and employs common language that is easily understood.

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    The document discusses translation and the role of translators. It defines a translator as a bilingual mediator between monolingual speakers of different languages who decodes a message in one language and re-encodes it in another. A translator must be proficient in both the source and target languages, familiar with translation theory and principles, and aware of the cultures of both language communities. There are two main theories of translation - formal equivalence, which aims to preserve original meaning and structure, and dynamic equivalence, which prioritizes readability and natural flow. An effective translator understands the author's intent, translates the overall message clearly without literal word-for-word translation, and employs common language that is easily understood.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    205 views10 pages

    Translation Theories

    Uploaded by

    A. A. Suleiman
    The document discusses translation and the role of translators. It defines a translator as a bilingual mediator between monolingual speakers of different languages who decodes a message in one language and re-encodes it in another. A translator must be proficient in both the source and target languages, familiar with translation theory and principles, and aware of the cultures of both language communities. There are two main theories of translation - formal equivalence, which aims to preserve original meaning and structure, and dynamic equivalence, which prioritizes readability and natural flow. An effective translator understands the author's intent, translates the overall message clearly without literal word-for-word translation, and employs common language that is easily understood.

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    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are that all communicators are translators in that they receive encoded messages and reconstruct them, and that a translator is specifically a bilingual mediator between monolingual participants in different communities.

    A communicator receives encoded messages and reconstructs them within their own system, while a translator decodes messages in one language and re-encodes them in another language as a mediator between communities.

    A good translator must be proficient in both source and target languages, familiar with translation theory and practice, empathetic to target readers, committed, aware of both cultures, and have necessary translation tools.

    Introduction to Translation

    ENGL 225
    Rula Al-Jayousi

    What is a Translator?
    All Communicators are translators. Discuss.

    Communicators (readers, listeners,


    monolinguals or bilinguals) receive signals
    containing messages encoded in a
    communication system which is not identical
    with their own. They try to analyze and
    deconstruct the signals in order to reconstruct
    them.

    What is a Translator?
    Communicator Vs. Translator!

    Translator: a bilingual mediating agent between


    monolingual communication participants in
    two different communities.
    S/he decodes a message in one language and
    re-encodes it in another.

    What is a Translator?
    Source
    Language
    text

    Analysis

    Semanti
    c
    Represe
    ntation

    Synthesis

    Target
    Language
    Text

    Features of a Translator
    S/he must, first of all, be a subject specialist so that the content of the

    original text is communicated accurately, clearly and naturally.


    A translator must be very proficient in both the source and target
    languages.
    A translator must be familiar with the basic principles of translation
    theory and practice.
    A good translator must have empathy for his or her target readers.
    A translator must be committed and disciplined.
    A good translator must be aware of the culture of both the source and
    target language readers.
    An effective translator should have all the necessary translation tools
    such as monolingual, bilingual and subject dictionaries, thesauri,
    terminology lists, a computer, a printer etc.
    An effective translator must be aware that writing and translating
    involve similar features.

    Translation Theory
    General Definition: The study of proper principle of

    translation.
    Translation theory recognizes that different languages

    encode meaning in differing forms, yet guides translators


    to find appropriate ways of preserving meaning, while
    using the most appropriate forms of each language.
    Translation theory includes principles for translating

    figurative language, dealing with lexical mismatches,


    rhetorical questions, inclusion of cohesion markers, and
    many other topics crucial to good translation.

    Translation Theory
    Form Vs. Meaning

    There are two competing theories:


    1- The predominant purpose is to express as exactly as
    possible the full force and meaning of every word and
    turn of phrase in the original. This theory is called
    Formal Equivalence.
    2- The predominant purpose is to produce a result that
    does not read like a translation at all, but rather moves
    in its new dress with the same ease as in its native
    rendering. This is called Dynamic Equivalence.

    Dynamic Vs. Formal Equivalence


    Dynamic equivalence is sometimes used when the

    readability of the translation is more important than the


    preservation of the original grammatical structure. Used
    mostly in literature.
    Formal equivalence believes that fidelity to the

    grammatical structure of the language equals greater


    accuracy. Used in diplomatic and business setting.
    However, both equivalences should generate an effect on

    the reader of the target text similar to the effect on the


    source text reader. It should appear like a writing rather
    than a translation.

    How to have a proper translation


    The translator should understand perfectly the content and intention of the

    author whom he is translating.


    The principal way to reach it is reading all the sentences or the text

    completely so that you can givethe idea that you want to say in the target
    language because the most important characteristicof this technique is
    translating the message as clearly and natural as possible. The translator
    should use the cultural words of the country hes translating for.
    The translator should avoid the tendency to translate word byword,

    because doing so is to destroy the meaning of the original and to ruin the
    beauty of the expression.
    The translator should employ the forms of speech in common usage. The

    translator shouldbear in mind the people to whom the translation will be


    addressedand use words that can be easily understood.

    QUIZ
    Next Week: Study the previous PPTs.

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