Summer Internship: Presentation ON Installation of A New Bts Site Under Guidance of

SUMMER INTERNSHIP
PRESENTATION
ON
INSTALLATION OF A NEW BTS
SITE UNDER GUIDANCE OF
BTS SITE INSTALLATION
BTS SITE INSTALLATION INVOLVE MANY
STAGES
STAGE1
RF SURVEY OF BTS SITE
PURPOSE-To uncertain the feasibility of a new site

within given configuration of data.
AIM-To verify LOS clearance and link status.

METHODOLOGY
DIFFERENT TOOLS USED :
BINOCULAR
GPS
MULTIMETER
MEASURING TAPE
 MAGNETIC COMPASS
AVAILABILITY OF INFRASTRUCTURE
BTS
Space
Type of site-indoor or outdoor
Check Availability of
DIESEL GENERATOR
SMPS,BATTERY
MCB
EGB & IGB
CONT.
TOWER
Availability of Pole Mount.
Availability of space on the tower for your GSM and
Pole Mount required AZIMUTH.
Availability of Microwave Pole Mount.
Availability of Horizontal tray For feeder to go
through its support.
CONT.
FAR END
Visit the other end.
Check the space availability of microwave at the given
height.
 Availability of FIU/ MUXing Port (RF Link)
MEASUREMENT
Location mark on the tower for GSM and RF antenna.
Length from antenna to BTS.
Certify LOS clearance
ENGINEER’S REPORT
Site Id-1233
Link Id-Link 1233
Site I (Near end)
Latitude 28degree38'5.34"N
Longitude077degree04'50.75"E
Site II (Far End)
Latitude 28degree38'1.94N
Longitude 077degree04'35.11"E
It is a newly installed site. Site is
a RTT where building height is
10m and tower height is 25m.
It has a horizontal tray of 4m.
CONT.
3 GSM pole mount are installed to correct Azimuth.
*Beta sector pole mount need to be risen by 1m.
 Further, Far end pole mount which is at 210degree

needs to be shifted in proximity of 75degree.
 LOS has been observed and found clear.

*In general site is suitable for creation of new cell site
STAGE2
INSTALLATION
THREE STAGES INCORPORATES
1. GSM INSTALLATION
2. RF INSTALLATION
3. NETWORKING
MODULES REQUIRED
According to configuration
GSM antenna(4)
 MICROWAVE antenna(2)
 Duplexer(3)
trans receivers(TRx)(06) (for configuration of 4+3+3 then 6TRx(FLEXI),
3duplexers, 1 power supply,1 control unit, 1 mux unit is required)
Krawn for hardware patching of alarms
Krawn panel for E1 patching
DDF(Data Distribution Feeder) panel
Cables acc. to configuration. E.g. Feeder of 7/8” thickness
Feeder jumpers (min 3 jumpers required) and thickness is ½”
Grouting nuts
Earthing assembly(18 Feeder earth,02 for IF earth)
GSM INSTALLATION
 PURPOSE-TO INSTALL THE
GSM NETWORK ACCORDING
TO THE OPERATORS
SPECIFICATION DATA.
 AIM- SETTING UP OF GSM
NETWORK MAKING
OPTIMUM USE OF THE
MATERIAL AND
EQUIPMENTS.
 METHODOLOGY-INSTALL
THE GSM ANTENNA TO THE
RESPECTIVE POLE MOUNTS
MAKING USE OF ROPE AND
PULLEY.
FEEDER INSTALLATION
FEEDER LENGTH-tower height
+horizontal tray length
+internal feeder length + loop
area at the tower(4m)
22+9+1+4 =36 * 8 =288 M

Alpha leg- Alpha main and
Alpha diversity
Make S bend ensure angle should be less than 45° at any place
EARTHING DIAGRAM
BTS INSTALLATION
RF INSTALLATION
PURPOSE-TO INSTALL THE RF LINK ACCORDING
TO THE OPERATORS SPECIFICATION DATA.

AIM- SETTING UP OF RF LINK MAKING OPTIMUM
USE OF THE MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENTS.

METHODOLOGY- INSTALL THE RF ANTENNA TO
THE RESPECTIVE POLE MOUNTS MAKING USE OF
ROPE AND PULLEY.
MICROWAVE DIAGRAM
CONT.
Connect the IF cable at
radio unit and other end
at RF port at BTS/MUX.
Connect the IF earthing
at both end
CONT.
Ensure proper connection by
carrying out visual check .
Switch on the BTS.
 Using LAN cable login to the
BTS. Make sure IP address is
correct and as per the NOKIA
equipment configuration.
 Open NOKIA FLEXI
HOPPER MANAGER software
access the radio unit.

CONT.
Keep interleave status off.
Feed 14 dbm transmit power.
 Check the status on the screen.
Using LAN cable login at Far end BTS.
Make sure IP address is correct and as
per the NOKIA equipment
configuration. ACCESS THE RF PORT
WHICH IS BEING UTILIZED FOR LINK
ONLY.
Open NOKIA FLEXI HOPPER
MANAGER software access the radio
unit
FEED the frequency 15.2325GHZ
 Select four stage modulation.
 Keep interleave status off.
Feed 14 dbm transmit power.
CONT.
 Check the status on the screen.
 Check AGC voltage at both OUTDOOR RADIO
UNIT Near end and Far end ,should be more than
+3.5V DC
CONT.
 Start coarse
alignment .
With the help of
positional nuts
carry out the
coarse
alignment.AGC
voltage should
start decreasing
as RxL increases.
At the level of
-41dbm AGC level
is +1.25v dc

CONT.
Carry out fine
tuning with the help
of fine tuning nuts
 With the help
vertical and
horizontal level has
been increased by
3db.AGC voltage
has come down to
1.18V dc.
CONT.
 Finally lock the both microwave antennas, ensure that

receive level is maintained.
NETWORKING
PURPOSE-TO LINK THE NEW SITE TO THE
EXISTING IDEA NETWORK

AIM-ADDING NEW SITE TO THE IDEA NETWORK
USING HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE PATCHING.
METHODOLOGY- INSTALL THE PATCH PANEL &

EXTEND PHYSICAL CONNECTIONS TO THE
PATCH PANEL WITH THE HELP OF PHYSICAL CAT
6 CABLE.
CONT.
CONT.
Then make cross connection using software at far end
NOW COMMISSION THE SITE
CONT.
We get OMU signal.
Put the site on loading and this procedure takes
around 45 min
Unlock the site from OMCR for call testing
Link is established.
NOW THE SITE IS ON AIR

CONT.
Above picture shows 3 subscribers are connected to the IDEA network (making
or receiving calls).In sector1 on the main trans path utilizing channel 5,6,7.
TESTING
PURPOSE- TESTING THE LINK FOR OPTIMUM
LINK PERFORMANCE

AIM-ENSURE MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY OF
CHANNELS AVOIDING UNWANTED HANDING
OVER OF CALLS FROM ONE SECTOR TO OTHER
SECTOR DUE TO HIGH VSWR
METHODOLOGY
METHODOLOGY- TESTING IS CARRIED OUT IN
TWO MAJOR STEPS:

1. VSWR measurement of each sector in the main and
diversity part discretely
2. Receiver signal strength index measurement
VSWR MEASUREMENT
PURPOSE- CARRY OUT VSWR MEASUREMENT IN
EACH SECTOR MAIN AND DIVERSITY PATH
DISCRETELY

Effect of VSWR- High VSWR will result into:
1. Low/reduced coverage area

2. Unwanted call handing over from main path to
diversity path or one sector to another sector
3. Reduced equipment life
CONT.
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
Bird site master
Calibration tool
Male/female connector
Jumpers
Power measurement sensors
Power measurement load(50Watt forward power and
5watt reversed power)
D-9 pin cable(male/female)
C-spanner 30/32”
METHODOLOGY
Login the BTS using LAN cable
Access the BTS hardware
Disable the sector(for which VSWR is carried out)
Green LED indication of TRx will turned into Amber light
Remove the feeder jumper from corresponding duplexer port
Calibrate the site master for the required frequency range(880 to 960
MHz)
Connect the feeder jumper to the site master
Carry out VSWR measurement
VSWR for each sector/antenna port should be less than specified
limit(1.3)
Carry out same procedure for all the sectors
VSWR GRAPH
VSWR GRAPH OF DIFFERENT SECTORS INCLUDE:
ALPHA(α) SECTOR
BETA(β) SECTOR
GAMMA(γ) SECTOR
EACH SECTOR INCLUDE TWO VSWR GRAPH i.e.

MAIN AND DIVERSITY
ALPHA(α1)
ALPHA(α2)
BETA(β1)
BETA(β2)
GAMMA(γ1)
GAMMA(γ2)
POWER MEASUREMENT
Remove the jumper from site master
Connect the outbound jumper(towards antenna end )
at output port(output port must be engaged with
50watt load attenuator)
Connect the inbound jumper(towards TRx) at input
port(input port must be engaged with the 5watt load
attenuator for reversed power measurement)
CONT.
Connect the sensor port
to the site master with
the help of D-9
male/female connector
cable
Forward power and
reversed power should
be within specification
RSSI MEASUREMENT
It is the measurement of receiver signal level at the TRx.
EFFECT OF RSSI :
Main and diversity transmission line should not differ by more

than 3db receiver signal strength level.
If signal strength level exceeds more than 3db calls will be
accumulated on better SNR transmission path(total load will be
on one transmission path either main or diversity).
As a consequent one sector will be flooded with a call and other
sector will not be entertaining the calls, thus reducing the
efficiency to half
METHODOLOGY
Login the BTS
Go to supervisory mode
Opt for RSSI
measurement
LINK OPTIMIZATION

Above measurement
shows the difference of
4(5dbm)which is not
acceptable
After swapping the
sectors , changing the
mismatch RF cabling
the result improved to 1
LINK IS OPTIMISED AND
WORKINGTO ITS FULLEST CAPACITY

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SUMMER INTERNSHIP

PURPOSE-To uncertain the feasibility of a new site

AIM-To verify LOS clearance and link status.

*Beta sector pole mount need to be risen by 1m.

 Further, Far end pole mount which is at 210degree

 Finally lock the both microwave antennas, ensure that

METHODOLOGY- INSTALL THE PATCH PANEL &

NOW THE SITE IS ON AIR

1. Low/reduced coverage area

EACH SECTOR INCLUDE TWO VSWR GRAPH i.e.

Main and diversity transmission line should not differ by more

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