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    Protozoa Kuliah

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    Wally Reds
    Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotic organisms that can cause disease in animal hosts. They reproduce through binary fission and have organelles like pseudopodia, flagella, and cilia that allow different types to move. Protozoa are classified based on their motility organelles into groups like amoebas, flagellates, and ciliates. Many protozoan diseases are caused by parasites that infect the gut, blood, or tissues. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium protozoa transmitted between humans and mosquitoes, while toxoplasmosis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii found in cat feces. Treatment for malaria protozoa includes quin

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    Protozoa Kuliah

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    Wally Reds
    119 views45 pages
    Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotic organisms that can cause disease in animal hosts. They reproduce through binary fission and have organelles like pseudopodia, flagella, and cilia that allow different types to move. Protozoa are classified based on their motility organelles into groups like amoebas, flagellates, and ciliates. Many protozoan diseases are caused by parasites that infect the gut, blood, or tissues. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium protozoa transmitted between humans and mosquitoes, while toxoplasmosis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii found in cat feces. Treatment for malaria protozoa includes quin

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    Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotic organisms that can cause disease in animal hosts. They reproduce through binary fission and have organelles like pseudopodia, flagella, and cilia that allow different types to move. Protozoa are classified based on their motility organelles into groups like amoebas, flagellates, and ciliates. Many protozoan diseases are caused by parasites that infect the gut, blood, or tissues. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium protozoa transmitted between humans and mosquitoes, while toxoplasmosis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii found in cat feces. Treatment for malaria protozoa includes quin

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    119 views45 pages

    Protozoa Kuliah

    Uploaded by

    Wally Reds
    Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotic organisms that can cause disease in animal hosts. They reproduce through binary fission and have organelles like pseudopodia, flagella, and cilia that allow different types to move. Protozoa are classified based on their motility organelles into groups like amoebas, flagellates, and ciliates. Many protozoan diseases are caused by parasites that infect the gut, blood, or tissues. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium protozoa transmitted between humans and mosquitoes, while toxoplasmosis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii found in cat feces. Treatment for malaria protozoa includes quin

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 45

    Protozoa

    Mutawalli S. L
    THE PROTOZOA
    Basic structure
    • 1. Cell membrane
    • 2. Cytoplasm
    organelles: pseudopodium(-dia-
    amoeba); flagellum(-lla-flagellate);
    cilium(cilia-ciliate)
    • 3. Nucleus: two kinds of nuclei:
    vesicular;
    compact
    Reproduction
    Binary fission, the most common form
    of reproduction, is asexual; multiple
    asexual division occurs in some forms.
    Both sexual and asexual reproduction
    occur in the Apicomplexa.
    CLASSIFICATION (ORGANELLES OF MOTOLITY)
    KINGDOM: PROTISTA
    PHYLUM: PROTOZOA
    GROUPINGS: AMOEBA, FLAGELLATES, CILIATES,
    SPOROZOA
    AMOEBA - PSEUDOPODIA - NO CELL WALL
    AMOEBA PROTEUS - FREE LIVING AMOEBA
    Life Cycle Stages

    • The stages of parasitic protozoa that actively


    feed and multiply are frequently called
    trophozoites; in some protozoa, other terms are
    used for these stages. Cysts are stages with a
    protective membrane or thickened wall.
    Protozoan cysts that must survive outside the
    host usually have more resistant walls than
    cysts that form in tissues.
    Characteristics of
    Pathogenesis

    • 1. proliferation
    • 2. Diffusion (disperse )
    • 3. Opportunistic parasitosis
     Protozoa – organisme bersel satu bisa terdapat
    didalam tubuh hewan yang mempunyai kemampuan
    dengan cepat berkembang biak

    Lokasi dalam hospes  saluran GIT


    darah
    jaringan
    organ tubuh
    Ecological Niches in the
    Human Body:
    • 1. Skin: Leishmania
    • 2. Eye: Acanthamoeba
    • 3. Mouth: Amoebae and flagellates
    (usually non-pathogenic)
    • 4.Gut: Giardia, Entamoeba (and invasion to
    liver), Cryptosporidium,
    Isospora, Balantidium
    • 5. G.U. tract: Trichomonas
    Ecological Niches in the
    Human Body:
    • 6. Bloodstream: Plasmodium,
    Trypanosoma
    • 7. Spleen: Leishmania
    • 8. Liver: Leishmania, Entamoeba
    • 9. Muscle: Trypanosoma cruzi
    • 10. CNS: Trypanosoma, Naegleria,
    Toxoplasma, Plasmodium
    • Penyakit yg disebabkan protozoa :
     Coccidiosis
     Giardiasis
     Babesiosis
     Anaplasmosis
     Trypanosomiasis
     Toxoplasmosis
     Leucocytozoon
     dll
    Euglena
    noctiluca
    leishmania
    trichomonas
    amoeba
    polystomella
    monocystis
    nosema
    balantidium
    plasmodium
    CAUSATIVE AGENT OF MALARIA
    FOUR SPECIES CAUSE MALARIA
    1. P. MALARIAE
    2. P. OVALE
    3. P. VIVAX
    4. P. FALCIPARUM
    • LIFE CYCLE OCCURS IN TWO ORGANISMS
    – MOSQUITO (ANOPHELES Sp.) AND ANIMAL
    BODY
    – SEXUAL CYCLE IN MOSQUITO
    – ASEXUAL CYCLE IN HUMAN BODY
    • 3 IMPORTANT STAGES IN LIFE CYCLE
    – SPOROZOITE
    – MEROZOITE
    – GAMETOCYTE
    • LIFE CYCLE OF PLASMODIUM
    TOXOPLASMOSIS

    • Caused By Toxoplasma Gondii


    • Seen Mostly In People With Compromised
    Immune Systems
    • Cats Are An Essential Part Of The Life Cycle
    Of This Protozoan
    • The Organism Replicates In The Intestine Of
    The Cat.
    • It Passes Out Of The Cat In Its Fecal Materia
    • People Injest The Organism
    • TREATMENT FOR MALARIA - QUININE AND ITS
    DERIVATIVES

    – CHLOROQUINE
    – PRIMAQUINE
    – MEFLOQUINE - LARIUM
    – SIDE EFFECTS OF LONG TERM USE OF
    QUININE
    » HALLUCINATIONS
    » CONVULSIONS
    » EMOTIONAL CHANGES

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