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    IT9 Relevansi

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    The document outlines the learning objectives of a lecture on the relevance and development of biomedical ethics. It discusses how biomedical ethics has developed through empirical experiences, sociological studies, philosophical theories, and religious norms to provide ethical guidance for medical professionals and ensure honorable, quality care for patients. The codification of ethics into professional guidelines and regulations aims to preserve human dignity in healthcare and biomedical research.

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    IT9 Relevansi

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    The document outlines the learning objectives of a lecture on the relevance and development of biomedical ethics. It discusses how biomedical ethics has developed through empirical experiences, sociological studies, philosophical theories, and religious norms to provide ethical guidance for medical professionals and ensure honorable, quality care for patients. The codification of ethics into professional guidelines and regulations aims to preserve human dignity in healthcare and biomedical research.

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    The document outlines the learning objectives of a lecture on the relevance and development of biomedical ethics. It discusses how biomedical ethics has developed through empirical experiences, sociological studies, philosophical theories, and religious norms to provide ethical guidance for medical professionals and ensure honorable, quality care for patients. The codification of ethics into professional guidelines and regulations aims to preserve human dignity in healthcare and biomedical research.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    37 views34 pages

    IT9 Relevansi

    Uploaded by

    YUFFA
    The document outlines the learning objectives of a lecture on the relevance and development of biomedical ethics. It discusses how biomedical ethics has developed through empirical experiences, sociological studies, philosophical theories, and religious norms to provide ethical guidance for medical professionals and ensure honorable, quality care for patients. The codification of ethics into professional guidelines and regulations aims to preserve human dignity in healthcare and biomedical research.

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    LEARNING ONJECTIVES

    Aimed competency:
    Conducting ethical justification in every clinical decisions and
    activities in rendering honorable quality care.

    Topic :Relevancy and dynamics of biomedical ethics development

    Lecture objectives:
    1. Understanding the relevancy of the existency of medical
    profession ethics. C3, A1, P1
    2. Understanding the meaning of biomedical ethics concept. C3,
    A1, P1
    3. Understanding the determinant of bioethics development:
    empirical experiences, philosophic and sosciologic studies, and
    religions norms. C3, A1, P1
    4. Understanding the role and the position of professional
    organization in medical profession ethics codification. C3, A1, P1
    RELEVANCY
    Empirics
    Moral
    Ethics good-bad

    Knowledge  Arts
    right-wrong Nice-bad

    Mankind Activities  The best


    RELEVANCY
    Empirics Mankind Activities
    Moral implications
    Impact to human being/ humanities

    Moral issues
    References
    Moral judgment Moral value
    =Moral ity
    Moral decision

    Modification of activities
    Mankind Activities  Morality  Honorable
    RELEVANCY
    Empirics
    Specific activites  Groups
    Group moral commitment
     Consensus of group morality
    Group morality = Ethics

    Professionals is a specific group of community


    Professional morality = Ethics
    RELEVANCY
    Profession
    Competency
    services  public appreciation
    Dedicated his/her life
     public trust
    Specific privilege
     authority  autonomy
     Recognized profession
     Social contract
     Legal Profession
    Professional ethics
    RELEVANCY
    Medical Profession  Ethics
    Medical Competency
     Solving public medical problems
     dedicated his/her life
     public appreciation and trust
     specific privilege
     authority/ autonomy
     recognized and legal profession
    Medical Profession
     Social contract
    Medical (professional) ethics
    RELEVANCY
    Medical Profession  Medical Ethics
    Specific privilege
     reciprocal commitment by the profession
     quality care
     updated competency
     honorable care
     medical profession ethics
     ethical codes and guidelines
     medical ethics
    RELEVANCY
    Medical Ethics
    Medical Ethics: A moral commitment by
    the medical profession, that they will
    honor the specific privilege trusted by the
    community, by rendering honorable
    quality medical care.

    Medical ethics code: the moral references


    in rendering honorable medical care.
    MEANING
    Empirics
    Moral dimension of activities
     value system: good or bad
     morality
    Morality for a specic ectivitiies/
    community
     ethics
    Medical ethics
    = morality for medical profession
    MEANING
    A Study
    Philosophical study
    Moral philosophy
    Ethics philosophy
    What should be adopted

    Theoretical Ethics - Normative Ethics


    Prescriptive Ethics
    MEANINGS
    A study
    Varied Empirical practices
    Community morality

    Sociologic study

    Applied Ethics – Descriptive ethics


    BIOMEDICAL ETHICS CONCEPT

    Biomedical Sciences
    Medical Technologies
    Rapid development
     ample choice
    more sophisticated
     team approach
    complicated system

     Widening the scope of ethical problems


    BIOMEDICAL ETHICS CONCEPT

    Different health professionals:


    Nursing ethics
    Pharmacist ethics
    etc
    Health care dilivery system:
    Hospital ethics Different ethics
    Decision maker ethics dimension
    etc
    Biomedical study:
    Health research ethics ethics
    etc
    BIOMEDICAL ETHICS CONCEPT

    Biomedical Sciences / Medical Technologies


    Rapid development
    Object/ subject: human - mankind
    The study/ outcome of the study influence
    human dignity
    More expensive
    Team approach - System

     development of the dimensions/ intensity


    of ethical problems
    BIOMEDICAL ETHICS CONCEPT

    before: focus mainly on patient safety and


    interest

     More complicated moral issue on:


    Social justice
    Human dignity
    Respect of life
    BIOMEDICAL ETHICS CONCEPT

    Integrating all ethical dimensions which related to


    biomedical studies and profession
    Compilation all aspects of medical ethics
    development
    But still in the context of health

    “study on ethical, social, laws on other issues


    related to medical cares and biomedical sciences“
    Medical ethics is part of bioethics
     A scientific discipline
    DEVELOPMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ETHICS

    Four media:
    1.Empirical experiences
    2. Sociologic studies
    3. Philosophy studies
    4. Religion norms
    EMPIRICAL EXPERIENCES

    Medical practice:
    Rapidly develop
    Moral conduct of doctors
    Accepted morality
    Compilation
    New ethical guideline
    SOCIOLOGIC STUDIES

    Medical practice:
    Varied practiced morality
    Practiced
    Sociologic studies
    Generalization
    Suggested ethical norms
    PHILOSOPHIC STUDIES

    Moral philosophy
    Moral theory Varied
    Bioethics principle
    Recommended norms
    Theoritical ethics
    THEORY
    Utilitarian
    Good - bad ~ Consequences

    Multiple consequences  studies

    Rule Utilitarian
    Act Utilitarian
    THEORY
    Deontology - Kantianism
    Good - Bad ~ Ratio - thinking
     Maxim = moral responsibility

    Positive duties
    Negative duties
    multiple dimension
    THEORY
    Individualism
    Good - Bad ~ Individual right
    freedom to decide - liberalism
    Positive/ negative right

    Individual person vs Community


     Individual responsibility
    THEORY
    Communitarian

    Good - Bad ~ Communal interest


     communal morality

    Community responsibility X liberalism


    THEORY
    Ethics of care - Feminism

    Good - Bad ~ Emotional binding


     Moral commitment
     Caring – Loving – Inner binding

    Inter relationship
    Reciprocal needs
    RELIGION

    Religion norms

    Interpretation Practical
    aspects

    Ethical codes
    Varied medium
    Dynamics of thinking and
    practices
    Varied norms
    Universalism vs Relativism
    Basic principle: universal
    Praxis: relative
    CODIFICATION
    Medical ethics - World

    World Medical Association

    International Code of Medical Ethics


    (London – 1948  revision)

    + Declaration
    CODIFICATION
    Medical ethics - Indonesia

    Peer Group
    Professional Organization
    MKEK IDI

    Compilation  Codification
     KODEKI

    Fatwa - Pendapat
    CODIFICATION
    Biomedical study - World

    •Nurenberg Code – 1947


    Autonomy – Risk – Scientific foundation
    •Helsinki Declaration – 1967 – cccc
    Written protocol – risk manageable
    •WHO-CIOMS – 1982-1983-1991
    Ethical Review Committee
    •USPH – Belmont Report – 1978-cccc
    Animal study
    CODIFICATION
    Biomedical study - Indonesia
    FKUI - Indonesian Dean - 1987
    Pedoman Etik Penelitian
    Kedokteran Indonesia

    Badan POM - 2000


    Cara Uji Klinik yang Baik

    Komnas Etik Penelitian Keseh. 2014


    Pedoman Etik Penelitian Kesehatan
    Indonesia
    CODIFICATION
    Hospital ethics
    Based on medical ethics
    Pioneered by the doctor
    Adopted by the government

    PERATURAN MENTERI KESEHATAN


    No.24/Menkes/SK/XII/1988.

    Developed by peer group - PERSI

    KODERSI-2001
    DEVELOPMENT
    Regulation and enforcement

    Community  morality

    Profession  Ethics

    System  bylaws

    State  laws
    CLOSING REMARK
    Bioethics: dynamics
    Focal point: professional conducts
    Ultimate goal: honor and preserve the dignity
    and safety of man and humanity
    Altruism  Holly tradition of medical profession
    i. Believe in God.
    ii. Pure intention
    iii. Holly character
    iv. Humble
    v. Seriousness/ hard working
    vi. Scientific and social integrity
    vii. Peer spirit

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