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    Vapor Power System (Rankine Cycle)

    Uploaded by

    KhoirulAnwar
    1. The document discusses the Rankine cycle vapor power system used in many steam turbine power plants. 2. It explains that the ideal Rankine cycle involves isothermal heat addition and rejection with isentropic expansion and compression processes. However, actual systems experience heat loss, friction, and pressure drops. 3. Methods to increase the efficiency of the Rankine cycle are discussed, including increasing the average heat addition temperature, decreasing the condenser temperature, using superheating and reheating of steam.

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    Vapor Power System (Rankine Cycle)

    Uploaded by

    KhoirulAnwar
    42 views42 pages
    1. The document discusses the Rankine cycle vapor power system used in many steam turbine power plants. 2. It explains that the ideal Rankine cycle involves isothermal heat addition and rejection with isentropic expansion and compression processes. However, actual systems experience heat loss, friction, and pressure drops. 3. Methods to increase the efficiency of the Rankine cycle are discussed, including increasing the average heat addition temperature, decreasing the condenser temperature, using superheating and reheating of steam.

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    ddd

    Original Title

    BAB 8_(2)

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    1. The document discusses the Rankine cycle vapor power system used in many steam turbine power plants. 2. It explains that the ideal Rankine cycle involves isothermal heat addition and rejection with isentropic expansion and compression processes. However, actual systems experience heat loss, friction, and pressure drops. 3. Methods to increase the efficiency of the Rankine cycle are discussed, including increasing the average heat addition temperature, decreasing the condenser temperature, using superheating and reheating of steam.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    42 views42 pages

    Vapor Power System (Rankine Cycle)

    Uploaded by

    KhoirulAnwar
    1. The document discusses the Rankine cycle vapor power system used in many steam turbine power plants. 2. It explains that the ideal Rankine cycle involves isothermal heat addition and rejection with isentropic expansion and compression processes. However, actual systems experience heat loss, friction, and pressure drops. 3. Methods to increase the efficiency of the Rankine cycle are discussed, including increasing the average heat addition temperature, decreasing the condenser temperature, using superheating and reheating of steam.

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    VAPOR POWER SYSTEM

    (RANKINE CYCLE)
    SUMBER ENERGI PEMBANGKIT PLN (2004):
    • GEOTHERMAL (PLTP) : 3,4%
    • HYDROPOWER (PLTA) : 9,6%
    • NATURAL GAS (PLTU, PLTG) : 18,4%
    • COAL (PLTU) : 33,4%
    • PETROLEUM FUEL (PLTU, PLTG, PLTD) : 35,2%
    RENCANA DIVERSIFIKASI BAHAN BAKAR
    PEMBANGKIT PLN
    Ideal Rankine Cycle :
    - no irreversibilities present in any of
    the processes
    - no fluid friction
    - no pressure drop
    - no heat loss to surroundings

    1. Steam generation
    occurs at constant
    pressure 4-1

    2. Isentropic expansion in
    the turbine 1-2

    3. Condensation occurs at
    constant pressure 2-3

    4. Isentropic compression
    in the pump 3-4
    Actual condition

    Heat loss

    Heat loss, friction,


    pressure drop

    Friction, pressure drop


    Jenis
    steam turbine

    Condensing Non condensing

    Air dihisap Menggerakan

    Condensor Pompa Turbin kecil


    Increase Rankine Cycle Efficiency

    - increasing the average temperature during heat addition (Tin)


    - decreasing the condenser temperature (Tout)
    - increasing the average temperature during heat addition (Tin)
    - decreasing the condenser temperature (Tout)
    Modification of Rankine Cycle :

    • Superheat
    • Reheat
    Superheat
    Sudu Steam Turbine

    Steam yang masuk ke turbin


    bila tidak bersih dan tidak
    benar2 kering mengakibatkan
    kerusakan pada sudu2 turbin,
    misalnya korosi, abrasi, dan
    munculnya deposit. Akibatnya
    biaya perawatan meningkat
    sehingga tidak efesien bagi
    biaya produksi
    Reheat

    The most common method to increase


    the cycle thermal efficiency is to use a
    two-stage turbine and reheat the steam in
    the boiler after the first stage
    Electrical Power
    Superheater
    Feedwater High- Low-
    Flow Steam
    Drum
    Pressure
    Turbine
    Pressure
    Turbine
    diagram of Exhaust

    a steam Generator
    boiler
    Water
    Walls

    Reheater

    Steam
    Condenser

    Insulated tube
    Downcomers
    Burner Feedwater
    pump Flue
    Fuel gas
    Economizer stack
    Water heater Fresh Cooling Water

    Induced
    Air Header
    draft fan

    Air
    Ash handling Precipitator SO2 Scrubber
    heater
    Fabric filter

    Air Air
    Fuel
    pump Fuel
    Forced
    draft fan
    Feedwater

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