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004 MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox

Matlab is a programming environment for matrix calculations and numerical analysis. The Image Processing Toolbox extends Matlab's capabilities to support a wide range of image processing operations. Images can be imported in formats like JPEG, TIFF, and RAW. In Matlab, images are stored as matrices, with pixel values referenced using row-column coordinates and in data types like uint8 and double.

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100 views10 pages

004 MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox

Matlab is a programming environment for matrix calculations and numerical analysis. The Image Processing Toolbox extends Matlab's capabilities to support a wide range of image processing operations. Images can be imported in formats like JPEG, TIFF, and RAW. In Matlab, images are stored as matrices, with pixel values referenced using row-column coordinates and in data types like uint8 and double.

Uploaded by

Hilbert
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MATLAB Image

Processing Toolbox
Basic Introduction
Introduction

 MatLab : Matrix Laboratory

 A high-level language for matrix calculations, numerical analysis, and


scientific computing

 Programming
 Can type on command line, or use a program file (“m”-file)
 Semicolon at end of line is optional (suppresses printing)
 Control flow (if, for, while, switch,etc) similar to C
 Differences from C: no variable declarations, no pointers
Why MATLAB?
 Shorter code, faster computation
 Focus on ideas, not implementation

 C:
#include <math.h>
double x, f[500];
for( x=1.; x < 1000; x=x+2)
f[(x-1)/2]=2*sin(pow(x,3.))/3+4.56;

 MATLAB:
f=2*sin((1:2:1000).^3)/3+4.56;

-3-
What is the Image Processing Toolbox?

 The Image Processing Toolbox is a collection of functions that extend the


capabilities of MATLAB’s numeric computing environment.

 This toolbox supports a wide range of image processing operations, including:


 Geometric operations
 Neighbourhood and block operations
 Linear filtering and filter design
 Transformations
 Image analysis and enhancement
 Morphological image operations
 And many more….
Images in MATLAB

• MATLAB can import/export • Data types in MATLAB


several image formats: – Double (64-bit double-precision
– BMP (Microsoft Windows Bitmap) floating point)
– GIF (Graphics Interchange Files) – Single (32-bit single-precision
– HDF (Hierarchical Data Format) floating point)
– JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts – Int32 (32-bit signed integer)
Group) – Int16 (16-bit signed integer)
– PCX (Paintbrush) – Int8 (8-bit signed integer)
– PNG (Portable Network Graphics) – Uint32 (32-bit unsigned integer)
– TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) – Uint16 (16-bit unsigned integer)
– XWD (X Window Dump) – Uint8 (8-bit unsigned integer)
– raw-data and other types of image
data
Images in MATLAB

 Binary images: {0,1}


Images in MATLAB

 Intensity images:[0,1] for double and [0,255] for uint8 etc.


Images in MATLAB

 RGB images : m × n × 3
MATLAB Image Coordinates

 MATLAB stores images as matrices


 In MATLAB, image pixels are referenced using (row, col) values
 Origin of the coordinate system (1,1) is the top left corner of the image

img
Thus, img(4,3) refers
to the pixel at the 4th
row and 3rd column.
Image Matrix

 By Default, MATLAB reads an image in uint8 (unsigned 8-bit integer) format


 Each pixel has values in the range [0,255]

 For some function you may need to convert image to double format
 Double format has pixel values in the range [0,1]
 To convert any image format to double, use MATLAB function “im2double()”

e.g.: A = imread(‘filename.extension’);
A_double = im2double(A);

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