An Act Providing For The Establishment and Maintenance of An Integrated System of Education

Batas Pambansa Bilang 232
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE

ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINTENANCE
OF AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF
EDUCATION
I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
This Act shall be known as the

“Education Act of 1982.”
This Act shall apply to and govern
both formal and non-formal systems
in public and private schools in all
levels of the entire educational
system.
Declaration of Basic Policy
It is the policy of the State to establish
and maintained a complete, adequate and
integrated system of education relevant to
the goals of national development. Toward
this end, the government shall ensure,
within the context of a free and
democratic system, maximum contribution
of the educational system to the
attainment of the following
national developmental goals.
1. To achieve and maintain an accelerating
rate of economic development and social
progress;
2. To ensure the maximum participation of all
the people in the attainment and enjoyment
of the benefits of such
growth; and
3. To achieve and strengthen national
unity ,consciousness ,preserve,
develop and promote desirable cultural,
moral and spiritual values in a changing
world.
II. THE EDUCATIONAL
COMMUNITY
THE MEMBERS AND ELEMENTS OF THE
EDUCATIONAL COMMUNITY
Rights of Parents
1. Right to organize by
themselves and/or with
teachers for the purpose of
providing a forum for the
discussion of matters
relating to the total school
program.
2. Right to access any
official record directly
relating to the children
who are under their
parental responsibility
Rights of Students in School
1. Right to receive, primarily through competent
instruction, relevant quality education…
2. Right to freely chose their field of study subject

to existing curricula and to continue their course
therein up to graduation.
3. Right to school guidance and
counseling services for
decisions…
4. Right of access to his own school records, the
confidentiality of which the school shall maintain
and preserve.
5. Right to the issuance of official certificates,
diplomas, transcript of records, grades, transfer
credentials and other similar documents within
thirty days from request.
6. Right to publish a student newspaper
and similar publications, as well as the
right to invite resource persons during
assemblies, symposia and other
activities of similar nature.
7. Right to free expression of opinions and
suggestions, and to effective channels of
communication with appropriate academic channels
and administrative bodies of the school or
institution.
8. Right to form, establish, join and participate in
organizations and societies recognized by the
school to foster their intellectual, cultural,
spiritual and physical growth and
development, or to form, establish,
join and maintain organizations and
societies for purposes not contrary
to law.
9. Right to be free from involuntary
contributions, except those approved by
their own he organizations or societies.
Rights of all School Personnel
1. Right to free expression of

opinion and suggestions, and to
effective channels of
communication with appropriate
academic and administrative
bodies of the school or institution.
2. Right to be provided with free legal service by
the appropriate government office in the case of
public school personnel, and through the school
authorities concerned in the case of private
school personnel, when charged in an
administrative, civil and/or criminal proceedings
by parties other than the school or regulatory
authorities concerned for actions
committed directly in the lawful
discharge of professional duties
and/or in defense of school
policies.
3. Right to establish, join and maintain labor
organizations and/or professional and self-
regulating organizations of their choice to
promote their welfare and defend their interests.
4. Right to be free from involuntary contributions
except those imposed by their own
organizations.
Rights of Schools
1. The right of their governing boards or
lawful authorities to provide for the proper
governance of the school and to adopt and
enforce administrative or management
systems.
2. The right for institutions of
higher learning to determine on
academic grounds who shall be
admitted to study, who may
teach, and what shall be
subjects of the study and research.
Duties of Parents
1. Parents, individually or
collectively, through the school
systems, shall help carry
out the educational objectives
in accordance with national
goals.
2. Parents shall be obliged to enable
their children to obtain elementary
education and shall strive to enable
them to obtain secondary and higher
education in the pursuance of the right
formation of the youth.
3. Parents shall cooperate
with the school in the
implementation of the
school program curricular
and cocurricular.
Duties and Responsibilities of
Students
1. Exert his utmost to develop his potentialities
for service, particularly by undergoing an
education suited to his abilities, in order that
he may become an asset to his family and to
society.
2. Uphold the academic integrity of
the school, endeavor to achieve
academic excellence and abide by
the rules and regulations governing
his academic responsibilities and
moral integrity.
3. Promote and maintain the peace and tranquility
of the school by observing the rules and discipline,
and by exerting efforts to attain harmonious
relationships with fellow students, the teaching and
academic staff and other school personnel.
4. Participate actively in civic affairs and in the
promotion of the general welfare, particularly in
the social, economic and cultural development of
his community and in the attainment of a just,
compassionate and orderly society.
5. Exercise his rights responsibly in
the knowledge that he is answerable
for any infringement or violation of
the public welfare and of the rights
of others.
Teacher's Obligations
1.Perform his duties to the school by discharging
his responsibilities in accordance with the
philosophy, goals, and objectives of the school.
2. Be accountable for the efficient and effective
attainment of specified learning objectives in
pursuance of national development goals within
the limits of available school resources.
3. Render regular reports on
performance of each student and to
the latter and the latter’s parents and
guardians with specific suggestions for
improvement.
4. Assume the responsibility to maintain and
sustain his professional growth and
advancement and maintain professionalism in
his behavior at all times.
5. Refrain from making deductions in students’
scholastic rating for acts that are clearly not
manifestations of poor scholarship.
6. Participate as an agent of
constructive social, economic,
moral, intellectual, cultural and
political change in his school
and the community within the
context of national policies.
III. THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Definition
Formal Education
Formal education shall
correspond to the following
levels:
Elementary Education
Secondary Education
Tertiary Education
Specialized Educational Service
oTechnical-Vocational
Education
Establishment of Schools
All schools shall be established in accordance
with law. The establishment of new national
schools and the conversion of existing schools from
elementary to national secondary or tertiary
schools shall be by law: Provided, That any private
school proposed to be established must incorporate
as an non-stock educational corporation in
accordance with the provisions of the Corporation
Code of the Philippines. This requirement to
incorporate may be waived in the case of family
administered pre-school institutions.
Definition of Terms
1. “Schools” are duly established institutions

of learning or educational institutions.
2. “Public Schools” are educational

institutions established and administered by
the government.
3. “Private Schools” are educational
institutions maintained and administered by
private individuals or groups.
Organization of Schools
Each school shall establish such
internal organization as will best
enable it to carry out its academic and
administrative functions
Declaration of Policy
— It is hereby declared to be the policy of the
State that the national government shall
contribute to the financial support of
educational programs pursuant to goals of
education as declared in the Constitution.
A. FUNDING OF REPUBLIC SCHOOLS
B. FUNDING OF PRIVATE SCHOOLS
C. INCENTIVES TO EDUCATION
D. ASSISTANCE TO STUDENTS
IV. THE MINISTRY OF
EDUCATION, CULTURE AND
SPORTS
The administration of the education

system and, pursuant to the provisions of
the Constitution, the supervision and
regulation of educational institutions are
hereby vested in the Ministry of
Education, Culture and Sports, without
prejudice to the provisions of the charter
of any state college and university.
Higher education will be granted towards

the provision of better quality education, the
development of middle and high-level manpower,
and the intensification of research and extension
services. The main thrust of higher education is
to achieve equity, efficiency, and high quality in
the institutions of higher learning both public and
private, so that together they will provide a
complete set of program offerings that meet both
national and regional development needs.
Bureau of Elementary Education
Bureau of Secondary Education
Bureau of Technical and Vocational

Education
Bureau of Higher Education
Bureau of Continuing Education

A regional office shall:
1. Formulate the regional plan of education based on
the national plan of the Ministry taking into account
the specific needs and special traditions of the
region;
2. Implement education laws, policies, plans,
programs, rules and regulations of the Ministry or
agency in the regional area;
3. Provide economical, efficient and effective
education services to the people in the area.
V. MISCELLANEOUS
PROVISIONS
Penalty Clause
Any person upon conviction for an act in

violation of Section 28, Chapter 3, Title III above,
shall be punished with a fine of not less than two
thousand pesos (P2,000.00) nor more than ten
thousand pesos (P10,000.00) or imprisonment for a
maximum period of two (2) years, or both, in the
discretion of the court.
If the act is committed by a school corporation,
the school head together with the person or persons
responsible for the offense or violation shall be
equally liable.
Rule-making Authority
Separability Provision
Repealing Clause
Effectivity

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Batas Pambansa Bilang 232

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE

This Act shall be known as the

2. Right to freely chose their field of study subject

1. Right to free expression of

1. “Schools” are duly established institutions

2. “Public Schools” are educational

B. FUNDING OF PRIVATE SCHOOLS

The administration of the education

Higher education will be granted towards

Bureau of Secondary Education

Bureau of Technical and Vocational

Bureau of Higher Education

Bureau of Continuing Education

Any person upon conviction for an act in

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