MANAJEMEN

14 LINGKUNGAN PROYEK
Project Environmental Management includes the processes required to
ensure that the impact of the project execution to the surrounding
environment will remain within the limits stated in legal permits.

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 14.1 PERENCANAAN LINGKUNGAN
Identifying what are the characteristics of the environment
surrounding the construction site and which environmental standards
are relevant to the project and determining what impact the project
will bring to the environment and how to satisfy the identified
environmental standards.

.1. Scope statement

.2. Contract environmental
provisions
.3. Standards and regulations .1. Environmental
.4. Permits .1. Risk planning process management plan
.5. Environmental policy tools and techniques .2. Scope updates
.6. Site and neighborhood .2. Alternative selection .3. Inputs to other processs
environmental .3. Benchmarking .4. Environmental operational
characteristics .4. Flowcharting definitions
.7. Project execution .5. Stakeholder analysis .5. Checklists
characteristics
.8. Historical information
.9. Other process outputs

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INPUTS TOOLS & TECHNIQUES OUTPUTS
 14.1.1 PERENCANAAN LINGKUNGAN
INPUTS

Inputs
1. Scope statement .1. Scope statement
.2. Contract environmental
Menjelaskan secara detail project deliverables dan
provisions
persyaratan pekerjaan yang dibutuhkan untuk
.3. Standards and regulations
menciptakan deliverables tersebut. .4. Permits
.5. Environmental policy
.6. Site and neighborhood
2. Contract environmental provisions environmental
characteristics
Owners have their own obligations and policies
.7. Project execution
regarding environment concervation and transferring characteristics
some of them to the contractor is a usual practice. .8. Historical information
.9. Other process outputs

3. Standards and regulations

Team must consider all governmental standards and
regulations applicable to the project (may be
Undang-undang, Perpres, Kepmen, KepGub, Kep
Bupati/Walikota) address matters such as maximum
allowable noise, non-work hours and/or days,
effluent disposal requirements and others (e.g. World 3
Bank)
 14.1.1 PERENCANAAN LINGKUNGAN
INPUTS

Inputs
.1. Scope statement
4. Permits .2. Contract environmental
provisions
In some regions, permit are granted after an
.3. Standards and regulations
Environmental Impact Statement or Report is issued
.4. Permits
and approved. (AMDAL  RKL and RPL). .5. Environmental policy
.6. Site and neighborhood
environmental
5. Environmental policy characteristics
.7. Project execution
Overral intentions and directions of organozation
characteristics
with regard to environmental care, As formally .8. Historical information
expressed by Top Management. .9. Other process outputs

6. Site and neighborhood environmental characteristics

The characteristics of the construction site and surrounding environment must be
known prior to project execution.
Environment is the surrounding neighborhood where the construction project is
undertaken, including air, water, soil, natural resources, flora, fauna, human beings
and their interrelations. Not only nature but also culture assets such as historical 4
buildings or sites and economic or behavioral aspects of neighbor communities.
 14.1.1 PERENCANAAN LINGKUNGAN
INPUTS

Inputs
7. Project execution characteristics .1. Scope statement
Must be taken into account. Some steps may require .2. Contract environmental
blasting rock, working with noisy machines, provisions
removing vegetation, or interfering in any way with .3. Standards and regulations
the surrounding neighborhood. .4. Permits
.5. Environmental policy
8. Historical information .6. Site and neighborhood
environmental
Are usefull to determine the solutions to climinate,
characteristics
mitigate or repair environmental impacts. (e.g.
.7. Project execution
history on past environmental accidents and results characteristics
of recovery actions can provide valuable input when .8. Historical information
determining the best approach for EM. .9. Other process outputs

9. Other process outputs

Time constraints may require using a construction methodology
that brings higher exposure to environmental risk.

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 14.1.2 PERENCANAAN LINGKUNGAN
TOOLS & TECHNIQUES
.1. Risk planning process tools and techniques
They can be used to identify, qualify, and quantity .1. Risk planning process
environmental risks, and to support response planning tools and techniques
.2. Alternative selection
.2. Alternative selection .3. Benchmarking
Some activities can be .4. Flowcharting
performed with different processes for achieving the same .5. Stakeholder analysis
result. (e.g. rock formation can be removed by blasting or
by using pneumatic hammers; effluents from piping
chemical cleaning can be treated at site or taken to an
external facility for treatment. ( Process are usually
analyzed with alternative selection methodes, such as
benefit/cost analysis and others, where time, cost and
quality aspects are balanced, meeting with environmental
requirement is a mandatory constraint). Once in this case
non-compliance can cause the project to have its execution
permit cancelled or not issued.
.3. Benchmarking
Banchmarking in neighbor companies can produce good results, once they share the
same environment conditions and have common key stakeholders.
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 14.1.2 PERENCANAAN LINGKUNGAN
TOOLS & TECHNIQUES

.4. Flowcharting .1. Risk planning process

Any diagram that shows how various elements of a tools and techniques
system relate. Commonly used in EM is cause and effect .2. Alternative selection
diagram/Ishikawandiagram or Fisbone diagram. .3. Benchmarking
.4. Flowcharting
.5. Stakeholder analysis
.5. Stakeholder analysis
Environment and construction requirements and the
selected alternatives to balance them must be negosiated
with the stakeholders, including the surrounding
community and the government in its various instances.
( conformance to laws, regulations, and standards should
be enough for an approval).

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 14.1.3 PERENCANAAN LINGKUNGAN
OUTPUTS
.1. Environmental
.1. Environmental management plan
management plan
The environmental management plan should describe how the project
management team will implement its environmental policy. In ISO .2. Scope updates
14000 terminology, it should describe the project environmental .3. Inputs to other
management system : the part of the global management system that processs
includes organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, .4. Environmental
practices, procedures, processes and resources to develop, implement,
operational
reach, analyze, and maintain the environmental policy.
definitions
A typical environmental impact report for construction projects contains : .5. Checklists
- Introduction,
- Identification of the owner and main contractor,
- Description of the product, mentioning its main systems.
- Characterization of the influence areas,(direct and indirect area),
- Neighbor projects,
- Environmental assessment,
- Analysis impacts of excuting the project,
- Identification and assessment of impacts to environment,
- Description of mitigating responses to negative impacts and maximizing actions to
positive impacts.
- Monitoring program to ensure environmental conservation.
( may be formal or informal, highly detailed or broadly framed, based on the
requirements of the project and applicable standards and regulations) 8
 14.1.3 PERENCANAAN LINGKUNGAN
OUTPUTS

.1. Environmental
.2. Scope updates
management plan
Additional work may be required as a result of balancing .2. Scope updates
environmental and construction requirements. ( the several .3. Inputs to other
billion dollar expansion of the San Francisco airport was processs
delayed for 6 months because of the discovery of an .4. Environmental
dangered garter snake, which then required fencing and operational
other protection methodes not originally foreseen in the definitions
project scope) .5. Checklists

.3. Inputs to other processs

During the elaboration of the environmental management
plan, some constraints may rise, such as non-work hours due
to noise restrictions, requirement of special permits for
handling hazardous substances, use of special devices for
environmental protection or other restrictions. Those
constraints may have significant lead times or costs, so they
should be taken in consideration for other processes.

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 14.1.3 PERENCANAAN LINGKUNGAN

OUTPUTS
.1. Environmental
.4. Environmental operational definitions
management plan
Describes, in very specific terms, what something is and
.2. Scope updates
how it is measured by the environmental control process.
.3. Inputs to other processs
(e.g. it is not enough to say that the hazard caused by
.4. Environmental operational
construction equipment will remain within the
definitions
permissible limits; the project management team must
also indicate whether only oil spills or also gas emission .5. Checklists
will be measured; whether only heavy equipment or also
vehicles will be inspected and, if so, if only the contractor’
vehicles or all vehicles entering the site).

.5. Checklists
Structure tool, usually item specific, used to verify that a set of required
steps has been performed, may be simple or complex.
There are usually phrased as imperatives (do this!) or interogatories
(have you done this?)
Specific checklists should be developed for environmental management.
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14.2 PENJAMINAN LINGKUNGAN
Evaluating the results of environmental management on a regular
basis to provide confidence that the project will satisfy the relevant
environmental standards.
Assurance should be provided to all stakeholders, as environment
conservation is a matter of global interest.

.1. Environmental .1. Environmental

management plan planning tools
.2. Environmental and techniques .1. Environmental
operational definitions .2. Recycling improvement
.3. Results of environmental .3. Environmental
control measurements audits
.4. Awareness training

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INPUTS TOOLS & TECHNIQUES OUTPUTS
14.2.1 PENJAMINAN LINGKUNGAN
INPUT
.1. Environmental management plan .1. Environmental
The environmental management plan should describe management plan
how the project management team will implement its .2. Environmental
environmental policy. In ISO 14000 terminology, it operational definitions
should describe the project environmental .3. Results of environmental
management system : the part of the global control measurements
management system that includes organizational
structure, planning activities, responsibilities,
practices, procedures, processes and resources to
develop, implement, reach, analyze, and maintain the
environmental policy.

.2. Environmental operational definitions

Describes, in very specific terms, what something is and how it is measured by the
environmental control process. (e.g. it is not enough to say that the hazard caused by
construction equipment will remain within the permissible limits; the project
management team must also indicate whether only oil spills or also gas emission will be
measured; whether only heavy equipment or also vehicles will be inspected and, if so,
if only the contractor’ vehicles or all vehicles entering the site).
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14.2.1 PENJAMINAN LINGKUNGAN
INPUT
.3. Results of environmental control .1. Environmental
measurements management plan
Environmental control measurements are records of .2. Environmental
the environmental situation of the construction site operational definitions
and neighborhood in a format for comparison and .3. Results of environmental
analysis. control measurements

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14.2.2 PENJAMINAN LINGKUNGAN
TOOLS & TECHNIQUES
.1. Environmental
.1. Environmental planning tools and
planning tools
techniques and techniques
Planning meetings, Project teams hold planning
.2. Recycling
meetings to develop the risk management plan.
Attendees include the project manager, the project .3. Environmental
team leaders, anyone in the organization with audits
responsibility to manage the risk planning and .4. Awareness training
execution activities, key stakeholders, and others, as
needed.

.2. Recycling
Is the reutilization of used material. It reduces the generation of waste and
consumption of natural resources and so it is a techniques for general environmental
concervation and improvement.
In construction projects there are many opportunities for recycling. ( e.g. equipment
wooden crates for transport can be used for storing tolls at construction fronts and
building provisional acces ladders and stairs; water used for piping and drums
hydrostatical tests may be stored for use in futher tests. 14
14.2.2 PENJAMINAN LINGKUNGAN
TOOLS & TECHNIQUES
.3. Environmental audits .1. Environmental
Is a structured review of other environmental planning tools
management activities. and techniques
Objective : is to identify lessons learned that can .2. Recycling
improve the results of environmental conservation .3. Environmental
efforts for this project or other projects within the audits
performing organization.
.4. Awareness training
May be scheduled or randem, and may be carried out
by properly trained in-house auditors or by third
parties.

.4. Awareness training

All team members should be trained for awareness
about the project environmental policy and
environmental management plan.
Awareness is one of the key tenets of ISO 14001.

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14.2.3 PENJAMINAN LINGKUNGAN
OUTPUTS

.1. Environmental
.1. Environmental improvement improvement
Includes taking actions to increase the effectiveness
and effeciency of the project to reduce environmental
impact of the project execution and to provide added
benefits to the project stakeholders.
Environmental improvement can also comes as a result
of actions taken for conservation. (e.g. in hydroelectric
powerplant projects, before filling the lake it is usual to
have a team collecting all animals living in the area to
be flooded, so that wild life is protected, resulting in
environment conservation.

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14.3 PENGENDALIAN LINGKUNGAN
Monitoring specific project result to determine if they comply with
relevant environmental standards, and identifying ways to eliminate
causes and effects of unsatisfactory performance.
It should be performed throughout the project

.1. Environmental impacts of work .1. Quality control tools and .1. Environmental
results techniquess improvement
.2. Environmental management .2. Risk control processes .2. Acceptance decisions
plan
and techniques .3. Rework/remedial action
.3. Environmental operation
definitions .4. Completed checklists
.4. Checklists .5. Process adjustments
.5. Stakeholders feedback

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INPUTS TOOLS & TECHNIQUES OUTPUTS
14.3.1 PENGENDALIAN LINGKUNGAN
INPUTS

.1. Environmental impacts of work

.1. Environmental impacts of work results
results .2. Environmental management plan
Work results. Are the outcomes of the activities .3. Environmental operation
performed to accopmplish the project. definitions
Information on work results-which deliverables have .4. Checklists
.5. Stakeholders feedback
been completed and which have not, to what
extent quality standards are being met, what costs
have been incurred or committed, etc.
It should be noted that although outcomes are
frequently tangible deliverables such as buildings,
roads, etc, they are also often intangibles such as
people trained who can effectively apply that
training.

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14.3.1 PENGENDALIAN LINGKUNGAN
INPUTS

.2. Environmental management plan .1. Environmental impacts of work

The environmental management plan should results
describe how the project management team will .2. Environmental management plan
implement its environmental policy. .3. Environmental operation
In ISO 14000 terminology, it should describe the definitions
project environmental management system : the .4. Checklists
part of the global management system that .5. Stakeholders feedback

includes organizational structure, planning

activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures,
processes and resources to develop, implement,
reach, analyze, and maintain the environmental
policy.

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14.3.1 PENGENDALIAN LINGKUNGAN
INPUTS

.3. Environmental operational definitions .1. Environmental impacts of work

Describes, in very specific terms, what something is results
and how it is measured by the environmental .2. Environmental management plan
control process. (e.g. it is not enough to say that .3. Environmental operation
the hazard caused by construction equipment will definitions
.4. Checklists
remain within the permissible limits; the project
.5. Stakeholders feedback
management team must also indicate whether only
oil spills or also gas emission will be measured;
whether only heavy equipment or also vehicles will
be inspected and, if so, if only the contractor’
vehicles or all vehicles entering the site).

.4. Checklists
Structure tool, usually item specific, used to verify that a set of required steps has
been performed, may be simple or complex.

There are usually phrased as imperatives (do this!) or interogatories (have you done
this?)
Specific checklists should be developed for environmental management. 20
14.3.1 PENGENDALIAN LINGKUNGAN
INPUTS

.5. Stakeholders feedback .1. Environmental impacts of work

Their feedback on this mater is of particular interest results
to the project management team. .2. Environmental management plan
Feedback may be received in many ways : .3. Environmental operation
Community group manifestations, official definitions
.4. Checklists
statements from governmental bodies, letters from
.5. Stakeholders feedback
Client, meetings or informal conversations with
stakeholders.
The best way to receive feedback is to go ask for it.
Stakeholders feel committed to the project’s
environmental goals and assume a proactive
approach, while waiting for them to express
themelves may cause feedback to come in a more
aggressive way, with possible undersirable
consequences to the project.

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14.3.2 PENGENDALIAN LINGKUNGAN
TOOLS & TECHNIQUES

.1. Quality control tools and

.1. Quality control tools and techniquess
techniquess
1. Inspection
.2. Risk control processes and
2. Control charts
techniques
3. Pareto diagrams
4. Statistical sampling
5. Flowcharting
6. Trend analysis

.2. Risk control processes and techniques

They are used in conjunction with the techniques
mentioned above to monitor environmental risk
triggers, start corrective actions and workarounds.

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14.3.3 PENGENDALIAN LINGKUNGAN
OUTPUTS

.1. Environmental improvement .1. Environmental

Includes taking actions to increase the effectiveness improvement
and effeciency of the project to reduce .2. Acceptance decisions
environmental impact of the project execution and .3. Rework/remedial action
to provide added benefits to the project .4. Completed checklists
stakeholders. .5. Process adjustments
Environmental improvement can also comes as a
result of actions taken for conservation. (e.g. in
hydroelectric powerplant projects, before filling the
lake it is usual to have a team collecting all animals
living in the area to be flooded, so that wild life is
protected, resulting in environment conservation.

.2. Acceptance decisions

The items inspected will be either accepted or rejected.
While items rejected by the quality control process may require rework, this is not
optional for environmental control, unless there is no possible rework or remedial
action
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14.3.3 PENGENDALIAN LINGKUNGAN
OUTPUTS

.3. Rework/remedial action .1. Environmental

For environmental control purposes, rework is improvement
action taken to bring environmental conditions into .2. Acceptance decisions
compliance with requirements in the case .3. Rework/remedial action
environmental impacts are found. It should .4. Completed checklists
minimized by mitigation plans, as a rework means .5. Process adjustments
there is an undersirable environment situation and
there is always a risk that rework is not capable to
restore suitable environmental conditions

.4. Completed checklists

When checklist are used, the completed checklist
should become part of te project’s records

.5. Process adjustments

May be performed both to eliminate cause of
environmental impacts and to achieve
environmental improvement. 24
MANAJEMEN LINGKUNGAN PROYEK

TERIMA KASIH

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