This document discusses multirate digital signal processing and describes up-sampling and down-sampling. Up-sampling increases the sampling rate by inserting zeros between samples, while down-sampling decreases the sampling rate by removing samples. Up-sampling and down-sampling are used to convert between different sampling rates for applications like digital audio and video that use various standard rates.
This document discusses multirate digital signal processing and describes up-sampling and down-sampling. Up-sampling increases the sampling rate by inserting zeros between samples, while down-sampling decreases the sampling rate by removing samples. Up-sampling and down-sampling are used to convert between different sampling rates for applications like digital audio and video that use various standard rates.
This document discusses multirate digital signal processing and describes up-sampling and down-sampling. Up-sampling increases the sampling rate by inserting zeros between samples, while down-sampling decreases the sampling rate by removing samples. Up-sampling and down-sampling are used to convert between different sampling rates for applications like digital audio and video that use various standard rates.
This document discusses multirate digital signal processing and describes up-sampling and down-sampling. Up-sampling increases the sampling rate by inserting zeros between samples, while down-sampling decreases the sampling rate by removing samples. Up-sampling and down-sampling are used to convert between different sampling rates for applications like digital audio and video that use various standard rates.
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Multirate Digital Signal
Processing • Many application need different sampling rate Ex: Digital audio - 32 kHz in broadcasting - 44.1 kHz in Digital CD - 48 kHz in Digital Audio Tape
• In Video Applications, Sampling rate for -NTSC(14.3181818MHz)
-PAL(17.734473Mhz) • To achieve this we require Sampling Rate conversion
• The System which employ multisampling rate in the process of
digital signal is called MDSP
1 Basic Sampling Rate Alteration Devices
• Up-sampler - Used to increase the sampling rate
by an integer factor • Down-sampler - Used to decrease the sampling rate by an integer factor
2 Up-Sampler Time-Domain Characterization • An up-sampler with an up-sampling factor L, where L is a positive integer, develops an output sequence xu [n] with a sampling rate that is L times larger than that of the input sequence x[n] • Block-diagram representation x[n] L xu [n ]
3 Up-Sampler • Up-sampling operation is implemented by inserting L 1 equidistant zero-valued samples between two consecutive samples of x[n] • Input-output relation x[n / L], n 0, L, 2 L, xu [n] 0, otherwise
4 Up-Sampler • Figure below shows the up-sampling by a factor of 3 of a sinusoidal sequence Input Sequence Output sequence up-sampled by 3 1 1
0.5 0.5 Amplitude
Amplitude 0 0
-0.5 -0.5
-1 0 10 20 30 40 50 -1 0 10 20 30 40 50 Time index n Time index n
5 Up-Sampler • In practice, the zero-valued samples inserted by the up-sampler are replaced with appropriate nonzero values using some type of filtering process • Process is called interpolation and will be discussed later
6 Down-Sampler Time-Domain Characterization • An down-sampler with a down-sampling factor M, where M is a positive integer, develops an output sequence y[n] with a sampling rate that is (1/M)-th of that of the input sequence x[n] • Block-diagram representation x[n] M y[n]
7 Down-Sampler • Down-sampling operation is implemented by keeping every M-th sample of x[n] and removing M 1 in-between samples to generate y[n] • Input-output relation y[n] = x[nM]
8 Down-Sampler • Figure below shows the down-sampling by a factor of 3 of a sinusoidal sequence
Input Sequence Output sequence down-sampled by 3
1 1
0.5 0.5 Amplitude
Amplitude 0 0
-0.5 -0.5
-1 -1 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 Time index n Time index n 9
