Horizontal Milling Machines and Accessories

Horizontal Milling
Machines and
Accessories
1
Horizontal Milling
Machines
1. Manufacturing-type
• Cutter height is controlled by vertical
movement of headstock
2. Special-type
• Designed for specific milling operations
3. Knee-and-column-type
• Relationship between cutter height and
work controlled by vertical movement of
table
2
Manufacturing-Type
• Used primarily for quantity production
of identical parts
• Distinctive features
• Automatic cycle of cutter and work
approach
• Rapid movement during non-cutting cycle
• Automatic spindle stop
3
Manufacturing-Type
• Two common types
• Plain manufacturing type
• Small plain automatic knee and column
type
4
Plain Manufacturing Type
Milling Machine
5
Special-Type Machines
• Designed for individual milling
operations
• Used for only one particular type of job
• Completely automatic
• Employed when hundreds or
thousands of similar pieces are to be
machined
6
Machining Centers
• Capable of handling wide variety of
work all in one setup
• Straight and contour milling, drilling,
reaming, tapping, and boring
• Capable of high production rates while
still maintaining high degree of accuracy
• Rugged construction, reliable controls
• Anti-backlash ball screws
7
Machining Centers
8
Knee-and-Column-Type
Milling Machines
• Machines in this class fall into three
categories:
• Plain horizontal milling machine
• Universal horizontal milling machines
• Vertical milling machines
9
Universal Horizontal
Milling Machines
• Difference from plain horizontal

machine is addition of table swivel
housing
• Located between table and saddle
• Permits table to be swiveled 45º in either
direction in a horizontal plane
• Used for milling of helical grooves in
twist drills, milling cutters, and gears
10
Universal Horizontal
Milling Machine
11
Milling Machine Parts
• Base
• Gives support and
rigidity to machine
• Acts as reservoir for
cutting fluids
• Column face
• Precision-machined
and scraped section
used to support and
guide knee when
moved vertically
• Knee
• Houses feed
mechanism
• Attached to column
face and moved
vertically
12
• Saddle
• On top of knee
• Moved in or out by
means of crossfeed
handwheel (manually
or automatically)
• Swivel table housing
• Fastened to saddle on
universal milling
machine
• Enables table to be swiveled 45º either side of
centerline
13
• Table
• Rests on guideways
in saddle and travels
left and right
• Supports vise and
work
• Crossfeed handwheel
• Used to move table
in and out
• Table handwheel
• Used to move table
left and right
14
• Feed dial
• Used to regulate
table feeds
• Spindle
• Provides drive for
attachments, arbors,
cutters
• Overarm
• Provides for correct
alignment and
support of arbor and
various attachments
• Can be adjusted and
locked in various
positions
15
• Arbor support
• Fitted to overarm and
can be clamped
• Aligns and supports
various attachments
• Elevating screw
• Gives upward or
downward movement
to knee and table
(manually or
automatically)
• Spindle speed dial
• Set by crank used to
regulate spindle speed
16
Backlash Eliminator
• Eliminates backlash (play) between nut and
table lead screw
• Permits operation of climb (down) milling
• Two independent nuts mounted on lead screw
• Nuts engage common crown gear which meshes
with rack
• Axial movement of rack controlled by backlash
eliminator engaging knob on front of saddle
• Turning knob in, nuts forced to move along lead
screw in opposite directions
17
Machine Backlash
Eliminator
18
Milling Machine
Accessories
• Wide variety of accessories greatly
increase versatility and productivity
• Accessories classed as fixtures or
attachments
• Work-holding device fastened to table
• Designed to hold workpieces that
cannot be readily held in vise or when
large quantities are to be machined
19
Milling Machine
Attachments
1. Designed to hold special attachment that
increase versatility of machine
• Vertical, high-speed, universal, rack
milling, slotting
2. Designed to hold standard cutters
• Arbors, collets, and adapters
3. Designed to hold workpiece
• Vise, rotary table, indexing (dividing)
head
20
Vertical Milling Attachment
• Enables plain or universal milling machine to
be used as a vertical milling machine
• Mounted on face of column or overarm
• Angular surfaces made by swiveling head,
parallel to face of column up to 45º either
side of vertical
• Used for face milling, end milling, drilling,
boring and T-slot milling
• Universal milling attachment modification
allows swiveling in two planes for cutting
compound angles
21
Rack Milling Attachment
• Used to mill longer gear racks (flat
gears) than could be cut with
standard horizontal milling machine
• Rack indexing attachment included
22
Slotting Attachment
• Converts rotary motion of spindle into
reciprocating motion
• Cutting keyways, splines, templates, and
irregularly shaped surfaces
• Length of stroke controlled by
adjustable crank
• Tool slide may be swiveled to any angle
in plane parallel to face of column
23
Arbors
• Arbors
• Used for mounting milling cutter
• Inserted and held in main spindle by draw
bolt
• Shell-end mill arbors
• Permit face milling horizontally or vertically
• Fit into main spindle
24
Collets and Adapters
• Collet adapters
• used for mounting drills or other tapered-
shank tools in main spindle of machine or
vertical milling attachment
• Quick-change adapter
• Mounted in spindle
• Permits such operations as drilling, boring,
and milling without change in setup of
workpiece
25
Arbors, Collets, and
Adapters
26
Milling Machine Vises
• Plain vise
• Jaws parallel or 90º to axis of spindle
27
• Swivel base vise
• Can swivel through 360º in horizontal plane
28
• Universal vise
• Can swivel through 360º in horizontal plane
and tilted from 0º to 90 in vertical plane
29
Fixturing
Systems
Easy-to-adjust Stop
30
Indexing or Dividing Head
• Permits cutting of bolt heads, gear
teeth, ratchets
• Revolve work as required to cut
helical gears and flutes in drills,
reamers, and other tools
• When connected to lead screw of milling
machine
31
Horizontal Boring Mill
32
Horizontal Boring Mill
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Horizontal Milling

• Difference from plain horizontal

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