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    AGC PPT For M. Tech

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    Ronak patel
    This document discusses automatic generation and voltage control in power systems. It describes how control loops are used to regulate frequency and voltage within permissible limits by automatically adjusting generator output in response to changes in load demand. The key control loops are the load frequency control loop, which regulates frequency and real power exchange, and the automatic voltage regulator loop, which regulates voltage and reactive power. These loops sense errors in frequency, voltage, and power flow and provide control signals to generators to maintain stable system operation as load changes over time.

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    AGC PPT For M. Tech

    Uploaded by

    Ronak patel
    209 views33 pages
    This document discusses automatic generation and voltage control in power systems. It describes how control loops are used to regulate frequency and voltage within permissible limits by automatically adjusting generator output in response to changes in load demand. The key control loops are the load frequency control loop, which regulates frequency and real power exchange, and the automatic voltage regulator loop, which regulates voltage and reactive power. These loops sense errors in frequency, voltage, and power flow and provide control signals to generators to maintain stable system operation as load changes over time.

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    This document discusses automatic generation and voltage control in power systems. It describes how control loops are used to regulate frequency and voltage within permissible limits by automatically adjusting generator output in response to changes in load demand. The key control loops are the load frequency control loop, which regulates frequency and real power exchange, and the automatic voltage regulator loop, which regulates voltage and reactive power. These loops sense errors in frequency, voltage, and power flow and provide control signals to generators to maintain stable system operation as load changes over time.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    209 views33 pages

    AGC PPT For M. Tech

    Uploaded by

    Ronak patel
    This document discusses automatic generation and voltage control in power systems. It describes how control loops are used to regulate frequency and voltage within permissible limits by automatically adjusting generator output in response to changes in load demand. The key control loops are the load frequency control loop, which regulates frequency and real power exchange, and the automatic voltage regulator loop, which regulates voltage and reactive power. These loops sense errors in frequency, voltage, and power flow and provide control signals to generators to maintain stable system operation as load changes over time.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    You are on page 1of 33

    POWER SYSTEM CONTROL

    AUTOMATIC GENERATION AND VOLTAGE CONTROL

     The objective of control strategy is to generate and


    deliver power in an interconnected system
    economically and reliably while maintaining voltage
    and frequency within permissible limits.
     In modern large interconnected systems, manual
    regulation is not feasible and therefore automatic
    generation and voltage regulation equipment is installed
    on each generator.
     Figure in next slide shows the schematic diagram of
    load frequency control (LFC)/Automatic Generation
    Control (AGC) and automatic voltage regulator (AVR)
    loops of a turbo-generator.
    2
     Basic Generator Control Loops The controllers are set
    for a particular
    operating condition
    and take care of small
    changes in load
    demand without
    frequency and voltage
    exceeding the
    prescribed limits.
    With the passage of
    time, as the change in
    load demand becomes
    large, the controllers
    must be reset either
    manually or
    automatically.

    3
    Basic Generator Control Loops (Elgerd, 1982)

    4
    REAL POWER/FREQUENCY (P/F) VERSUS
    REACTIVE POWER/VOLTAGE CONTROL (Q/V)
     Static changes ∆Pi affect bus voltage angles and thus
    frequency but voltage magnitude remains unchanged.
     Static changes ∆Qi affect voltage magnitudes but leave
    the bus voltage phase angles and thus frequency remains
    unchanged.
     These relations apply only when deviations are small or
    first order in mathematical sense. For large disturbances
    these conditions do not apply.

    5
    REAL POWER/FREQUENCY (P/F)
    CONTROL LOOP
     The objective of this control loop is to control frequency
    and simultaneously the real power exchanges via
    outgoing lines (tie lines).
     Frequency errors (∆fi) and change in real tie lines powers
    (∆Ptie) are sensed, which provide information about
    change in state error, rotor angle (∆δi).
     These sensor signals are amplified, mixed and
    transformed into a real command power signal (∆PCi)
    which is sent to governor to change the valve position
    thus change in real power generation (∆Pi).
    6
    REACTIVE POWER/VOLTAGE (Q/V)
    CONTROL LOOP
     The objective of this control loop is to control voltage
    state (|V|).
     Voltage error signal is sensed and transformed into a
    reactive power command signal (∆Qi) which is fed to the
    excitation system.
     This results change into rotor field current and this
    generated EMF which finally changes reactive power
    generation (∆Qi).

    7
    STEADY STATE (SS) ANALYSIS OF ISOLATED
    SYSTEM

     For the isolated power system shown above, there are two
    incremental inputs, and
    PC . LetusPD consider that
    (known
    PC as
     0 governor free operation) and load demand changes
    for small change in load

    22

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