“History of Basketball”

Where did Basketball originated?

Basketball originated
from Springfield,
Massachusetts by a
Canadian Physical
Education Instructor
“James Naismith”.
 Who dis guy be bruh?
“James Naismith” or the creator of Basketball,
graduated Presbyterian College in Montreal,
Canada with a degree in Theology. But
because of his love for Athletics, he headed to
Springfield College (in Springfield, duh) to
study Physical Education and would later on
become their Physical Education instructor.
Springfield College, 1891
(Basketball birthplace)
So how did Basketball come to be?
James Naismith who worked under “Luther
Halsey Gulick” (US Father of Physical
Education and Recreation) was tasked to
invent an indoor game for their players, as at
the time Football season had ended and the
cold weather would barely let them play
outside.
So how did Basketball come to be?
The Game had to be interesting, easy to learn,
easy to play in the winter or artificial light,
provide plenty of exercise, condition athletes,
and be playable by large groups. Naismith then
thought of the idea of a game that is a
combination of many other games at the time,
preferably American Rugby (Passing), English
Rugby (The Jump ball), Lacrosse (Use of a Goal),
Soccer (The Shape and Size of the Ball), Duck
on a Rock (Shooting or Tossing)
 Alas!
Naismith approached the school janitor, hoping he
could find two, 18-inch square boxes to use as
goals. The janitor came back with two peach
baskets instead. Naismith then nailed them to
the lower rail of the gymnasium balcony, one at
each end. The height of that lower balcony rail
happened to be ten feet and they also used a
Soccer Ball. Then Alas! Basketball was invented, it
was during the Winter of 1891 in Springfield
College.
 Notable Basketball Facts
• In 1905, Basketball was now officially
recognized a Winter Sport.
• In 1936, Basketball was now officially
recognized an Olympic Sport in Berlin,
Germany.
• The Standard Basketball Court size is
measured 28m by 15m (91.9ft by 49.2ft) (In
NBA 94 by 50 ft)
• The Standard Rim height is 10ft (3.05m)
above the floor.
• The Standard Ball size for men is 30inches
and weighs 600g, for women it is 29 inches
and 540g.
 The Game:
he Way it’s played
 The First Game
Did you know that the first game ever of
Basketball which was held at Springfield
College on December 21, 1891 final score was
1-0?...
Well now you know.

Basketball had 13 rules when it was created, and

since then it has further evolved.
 The First Commandments
1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.
2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist.
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be
made for a man running at good speed.
4. The ball must be held by the hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding it.
5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or tripping in any way of an opponent. The first infringement of this rule by
any person shall count as a foul; the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made or, if there was evident
intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game. No substitution shall be allowed.
6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3 and 4 and such as described in Rule 5.
7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the
opponents in the meantime making a foul).
8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing
those defending the goal do no touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves
the basket, it shall count as a goal.
9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field and played by the first person touching it. In case
of dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it
longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them.
10. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive
fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5.
11. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs,
and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep account of the goals, with any other
duties that are usually performed by a referee.
12. The time shall be two fifteen-minute halves, with five minutes rest between.
13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner.
 Modern Basketball
The winner of a basketball game is
the team with the most points.
You get points by throwing the
basketball through the opponent's
hoop or basket. In regular play a
basket made from within the three
point line is worth 2 points and a
basket shot from outside the three
point line is worth 3 points. When
shooting a free throw, each free
throw is worth 1 point.
 Modern Basketball
• Rules for the offense

The basketball team on offense is the team with the basketball. When a
player has the basketball there are certain rules they must follow:

1. The player must bounce, or dribble, the ball with one hand while moving
both feet. If, at any time, both hands touch the ball or the player stops
dribbling, the player must only move one foot. The foot that is stationary is
called the pivot foot.

2. The basketball player can only take one turn at dribbling. In other words,
once a player has stopped dribbling they cannot start another dribble. A
player who starts dribbling again is called for a double-dribbling violation
and looses the basketball to the other team. A player can only start
another dribble after another player from either team touches or gains
control of the basketball. This is usually after a shot or pass.
 Modern Basketball
3. The ball must stay in bounds. If the offensive team looses the
ball out of bounds the other team gets control of the basketball.

4. The players hand must be on top of the ball while dribbling. If

they touch the bottom of the basketball while dribbling and
continue to dribble this is called carrying the ball and the player
will lose the ball to the other team.

5. Once the offensive team crosses half court, they may not go
back into the backcourt. This is called a backcourt violation. If
the defensive team knocks the ball into the backcourt, then the
offensive team can recover the ball legally.
 Modern Basketball
• Defensive Rules

The team on defense is the team without the basketball.

1) The main rule for the defensive player is not to foul or

commit violation. There is some interpretation that has
to be made by the referee, but, in general, the defensive
player may not touch the offensive player in a way that
causes the offensive player to lose the ball or miss a
shot.
 Some add-ons
• The game begins with one each from both
teams at center court try to tip the ball that
will be tossed up by the refs to their
teammate. This is called the “Tip-off”.
• At half-time, the teams switch goals/courts.
• Kicking or Fisting the Ball is not allowed.
 Foul
•  A foul is described as gaining an unfair
advantage through physical contact.
 All Fouls
• Personal fouls
• Charging
• Blocking Foul
• Flagrant Foul
• Intentional Foul
• Technical Foul
 Kinds of Fouls
• Personal fouls: Personal fouls include any type of illegal
physical contact.
• Hitting
• Pushing
• Slapping
• Holding
• Illegal pick/screen -- when an offensive player is moving.
When an offensive player sticks out a limb and makes
physical contact with a defender in an attempt to block
the path of the defender.
 Kinds of Fouls

Penalties for Personal Foul

• Two free throws are awarded if the player is fouled while
shooting for a three-point goal and they miss their shot. If a
player is fouled while shooting but still makes the shot, the
player is awarded one free throw.

• Inbounds. If fouled while not shooting, the ball is given to

the team the foul was committed upon. They get the ball at
the nearest side or baseline, out of bounds, and have 5
seconds to pass the ball onto the court.
 Kinds of Fouls
• Charging. An offensive foul that is committed when a player pushes or runs
over a defensive player. The ball is given to the team that the foul was
committed upon.
• Blocking. Blocking is illegal personal contact resulting from a defender not
establishing position in time to prevent an opponent's drive to the basket.
• Flagrant foul. Violent contact with an opponent. This includes hitting, kicking,
and punching. This type of foul results in free throws plus the offense retaining
possession of the ball after the free throws.
• Intentional foul. When a player makes physical contact with another player
with no reasonable effort to steal the ball. It is a judgment call for the officials.
• Technical foul. Technical foul. A player or a coach can commit this type of foul.
It does not involve player contact or the ball but is instead about the 'manners'
of the game. Foul language, obscenity, obscene gestures, and even arguing can
be considered a technical foul, as can technical details regarding filling in the
scorebook improperly or dunking during warm-ups.
 Violations
A violation is described as infringement of the
rules in Basketball that is less serious than a
foul and usually involves technicalities of play.
 All Violations
• Traveling
• Carrying
• Double-dribble
• Held ball
• Goaltending
• Backcourt Violation
• Time Restriction Violations
 Kinds of Violations
1. Walking/Traveling. Taking more than 'a step and a half'
without dribbling the ball is traveling. Moving your pivot
foot once you've stopped dribbling is traveling.

2.Carrying/palming. When a player dribbles the ball with his

hand too far to the side of or, sometimes, even under the
ball.

3. Double Dribble. Dribbling the ball with both hands on the

ball at the same time or picking up the dribble and then
dribbling again is a double dribble.
 Kinds of Violations
• Held ball. Occasionally, two or more opposing players will gain possession of
the ball at the same time. In order to avoid a prolonged and/or violent
tussle, the referee stops the action and awards the ball to one team or the
other on a rotating basis.

• Goaltending. If a defensive player interferes with a shot while it's on the way
down toward the basket, while it's on the way up toward the basket after
having touched the backboard, or while it's in the cylinder above the rim, it's
goaltending and the shot counts. If committed by an offensive player, it's a
violation and the ball is awarded to the opposing team for a throw-in.

• Backcourt violation. Once the offense has brought the ball across the mid-
court line, they cannot go back across the line during possession. If they do,
the ball is awarded to the other team to pass inbounds.
 Kinds of Violations

• Time restrictions. A player passing the ball inbounds has

five seconds to pass the ball. If he does not, then the ball
is awarded to the other team. Other time restrictions
include the rule that a player cannot have the ball for
more than five seconds when being closely guarded and,
in some states and levels, shot-clock restrictions requiring
a team to attempt a shot within a given time frame.
Basketball Officiating
Hand Signs/Signals
 Officials of the Game
• Referee:
Conducts the game in accordance with the rules. This
includes putting the ball in play, determining when
the ball becomes dead, administering penalties,
ordering time-outs, beckoning substitutes to come
on court, handling ball to a player when such
player is to make a thrown-in from out-of-bounds
(Inbounding). He has the power to make decisions
in any point not covered by the rules.
 Officials of the Game
• Scorer:
Shall keep a chronological running summary of the points scored,
records the field goals and free throws made or missed, records
the personal and technical fouls called on each player and shall
notify the referee immediately when the fifth foul is called on a
player. He shall record time-outs charged to each team, and
shall notify a coach through an official when he has taken a
second time-out in each half. He shall also indicate the number
of fouls committed by each player. The scorer shall keep a
record of names and numbers of players who are to start the
game and all of a subtitutes who enter the game
 Officials of the Game
• Time Keeper-
Keeps seconds of playing time to time of
stoppage. He shall indicate with a going,
pistol, or ball the expiration of playing time in
each half or extra period.
 Sweet Positions ;)
There are 5 Positions in mainly played in
Basketball. They are
• Center
• Power Foward
• Small Forward
• Shooting Guard
• Point Guard
 Frontcourt bang
• Center
Usually the tallest player on the team. It’s role is to use
his/her size to score and defend from a position close
to basket.

• Power Forward
Play a role similar to the Center position but they play
offensively with their back to the basket on offense
and position themselves defensively under the basket
in a zone defense.
 Backcourt smash
• Small Forward
Usually shorter, quicker, and leaner than Power
Forwards and Centers but are still
considerably tall. It is the most Versatile
position in Basketball because of the nature of
its role. They could usually score some points,
grab some rebounds, or
 The 5 Basic Skills in Basketball
1. Dribbling
2. Passing
3. Shooting
4. Rebounding
5. Defense
 The 5 Basic Skills in Basketball
• Dribblling
 is important to penetrate to the hoop, move the ball across the
court, get away from the defense, and find a good passing lane.

There are different types of dribbles, some notably are;

• change-of-pace,
• crossover dribble,
• behind the back,
• pull back dribble,
• low dribble,
• basic dribble,
• between the legs dribble
 The 5 Basic Skills in Basketball
• Passing
A good offensive attack requires good passing from players.
This helps find an open man, to find a good shooter or to
get away from a defender. There are several types of
passes you need to learn, some notably are;

• Overhead Pass
• Chest Pass
• Push Pass
• Baseball Pass
• Off-the-Dribble Pass
• Bounce Pass
 The 5 Basic Skills in Basketball
• Shooting
The object of the game is to win by scoring the most points.
Therefore, improving the team's shooting is important to
win a game. There are several ways to score in the game;
some notably are;

• Jump Shot
• Dunk
• Alley oop
• Free throw
• Layup
• Three-Point Shot
• Hook Shot
 The 5 Basic Skills in Basketball
• Rebounding
is essential to gain or regain possession after the
shot. Usually, the team who has the most
number of rebounds after the game has more
shot attempts and chances to score.
 The 5 Basic Skills in Basketball
• Defense
To be able to get a chance to score and gain
possession, the team should play good
defense and try to stop their opponent from
scoring. As said, "A good defense is a good
offense."