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    The Rizal Retraction

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    Divina Gracia Vibal Cielo
    Dr. Jose Rizal, a leader of the Philippine Revolution, was sentenced to death by the Spanish court. Some Jesuit priests claimed that in his final hours, they persuaded Rizal to renounce his Masonic beliefs and writings and convert back to Catholicism. However, two Rizalist scholars, Rafael Palma and Austin Coates, were skeptical of this reported retraction. Palma argued that the retraction was a "pious fraud" meant to undermine Rizal's influence, while Coates believed Balaguer, one of the Jesuit priests, had unwittingly revealed inconsistencies that suggested the retraction was fraudulent. The document examines primary sources on both sides of the debate around R

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    The Rizal Retraction

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    Divina Gracia Vibal Cielo
    31 views11 pages
    Dr. Jose Rizal, a leader of the Philippine Revolution, was sentenced to death by the Spanish court. Some Jesuit priests claimed that in his final hours, they persuaded Rizal to renounce his Masonic beliefs and writings and convert back to Catholicism. However, two Rizalist scholars, Rafael Palma and Austin Coates, were skeptical of this reported retraction. Palma argued that the retraction was a "pious fraud" meant to undermine Rizal's influence, while Coates believed Balaguer, one of the Jesuit priests, had unwittingly revealed inconsistencies that suggested the retraction was fraudulent. The document examines primary sources on both sides of the debate around R

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    Dr. Jose Rizal, a leader of the Philippine Revolution, was sentenced to death by the Spanish court. Some Jesuit priests claimed that in his final hours, they persuaded Rizal to renounce his Masonic beliefs and writings and convert back to Catholicism. However, two Rizalist scholars, Rafael Palma and Austin Coates, were skeptical of this reported retraction. Palma argued that the retraction was a "pious fraud" meant to undermine Rizal's influence, while Coates believed Balaguer, one of the Jesuit priests, had unwittingly revealed inconsistencies that suggested the retraction was fraudulent. The document examines primary sources on both sides of the debate around R

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    31 views11 pages

    The Rizal Retraction

    Uploaded by

    Divina Gracia Vibal Cielo
    Dr. Jose Rizal, a leader of the Philippine Revolution, was sentenced to death by the Spanish court. Some Jesuit priests claimed that in his final hours, they persuaded Rizal to renounce his Masonic beliefs and writings and convert back to Catholicism. However, two Rizalist scholars, Rafael Palma and Austin Coates, were skeptical of this reported retraction. Palma argued that the retraction was a "pious fraud" meant to undermine Rizal's influence, while Coates believed Balaguer, one of the Jesuit priests, had unwittingly revealed inconsistencies that suggested the retraction was fraudulent. The document examines primary sources on both sides of the debate around R

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    The Rizal Retraction

    Reported By: Shelly Colleen Trinidad


    Historical context
    • Dr. Jose Rizal was arrested, tried, and sentenced to death by a
    Spanish court-martial after being implicated as a leader of the
    Philippine Revolution.
    • At the Luneta on December 30, 1896, accounts exist that Rizal
    allegedly retracted his Masonic ideals and his writings and
    reconverted to Catholicism following several hours of
    persuasion by Jesuit priests.
    The following primary sources are of two kinds: the first two are
    the official accounts as witnessed by the Jesuits who were
    instrumental in the alleged retraction of Rizal. The other two are
    critical analyses by two Rizalist scholars who doubted the story
    of retraction.
    Fr. Vicente Balaguer’s Statement
    Fr. Vicente Balaguer was one of the Jesuit priests who visited
    Rizal during his last hours in Fort Santiago and claimed that he
    managed to persuade Rizal to denounce Masonry and return to
    the Catholic fold. In an affidavit executed in 1917 when he had
    returned to Spain, Balaguer also claimed that he was the one who
    solemnized the marriage of Josephine Bracken and Rizal hours
    before the hero’s execution.
    Fr. Pio Pi’s statement
    Fr. Pio Pi was the Jesuit Superior in the Philippines during the
    time when Rizal was executed. In 1917, he issued the affidavit
    recounting his involvement in the alleged retraction of Rizal.
    Unlike Fr. Balaguer, he was involved only in securing the
    retraction document from the Archbishop of Manila Bernardino
    Nozaleda, and writing another shorter retraction document as well
    which was the one Rizal allegedly copied.
    Rafael Palma’s Critical Analysis
    • “ Rizal’s conversion was a pious fraud to make the people believe
    that the extraordinary man broke down and succumbed before the
    Church which he had fought. The Archbishop was interested in his
    conversion for political motives, and the Jesuits lent themselves as
    his instrument. The example of Rizal would have great resonance in
    the whole country and it was necessary to bolster the drooping
    prestige of religion with his abjuration. What if Rizal was a man of
    valor and convictions and his conversion would be unbelievable?
    So much the better. The interest of religion was above him. His
    aureole of glory had to be done away with if necessary. What did it
    Austin Coates’ Critical Analysis
    • “Rizal believed that there was a strong likelihood of fraud, and that
    the prime mover in this world would be the friar archbishop.”
    • “Balaguer had the intelligence to perceived that everything depended
    on the speed and audacity with which he declared his success.”
    • “Balaguer had in fact damaged the Church’s case. Worse than this,
    he had unwittingly revealed his own fraud. In his account he made no
    mention of the Ultimo Adios.”
    END OF REPORT
    • DID RIZAL RETRACT?

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