Introduction To Landscape Architecture

LANDSCAPE
ARCHITECTURE
Landscape Architecture
Definition:
 LANDSCAPE
- german “landschaft” - small collection of bldgs. as a human
concentration (both physical & spirit) in a circle of pasture or
- cultivated space surrounded by wilderness
 SCHAP – ship
 LAND – ground or soil
- the most basic commodity
- becomes landscape when it is describe or seen in terms of
physiographical & environmental characteristics
 LANDSCAPE – a picture of natural inland scenery

Landscape Architecture concerns:
with planning & design of land &water for use by society.
Planning
- futuristic approach to land
- land is regarded as a resource to be considered in relation to
demands & predicted needs of society & its values
Design – qualitative & function arrangement of parcels of land set
aside in the planning process for some specific social purpose
such as housing education or recreation.
 Planning & Design suggest man-made or man regulated
landscapes.
is a separate field of Architecture
Republic Act 9053, the Philippine Landscape Architecture Act,
was signed in 2001 recognizing the full status of Landscape
Architecture as a new profession. Graduates of Landscape
Architecture will therefore have to take the licensure examination
given by the Professional Regulation Commission.
Like Interior Design, it ceases to remain a specialization of building

architects. Graduates of Architecture and related courses may
however opt to take this program as a second profession.
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE HAS A MORE BROAD SCOPE

THAN MERE GARDEN DESIGN.
Republic Act 9053 of 2000
An Act Regulating the Practice of Landscape

Architecture in the Philippines
- it is timely that the USC offered this program to

train more professionals nationwide in responsible
land stewardship for improved quality of life for
society and while rehabilitating and conserving
the natural environment.
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
The profession has responded to a national expansion of actions:

• to protect and improve environmental quality and resources
• the continuing process of urbanization, industrialization, and land
development
• the concentration of population in metropolitan areas
• the need to conserve energy
• ALL REQUIRE FRESH CONCEPTS OF OPEN SPACE & LAND USE

wa·ter·shed
ˈwôdərˌSHed,ˈwädərˌSHed/
an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to

different rivers, basins, or seas.
Landscape Architect’s Role:
Responsible Land Stewardship
Stewardship (Managers not Owners)
 Take charge; active participation in the preservation of life;
i.e. Quality and beauty of life (architecture, music and arts)
 Subdue creation with authority and accountability ( as a
steward)
 Creation reflects the character of God
(Perfect, complete and balanced; beautiful)
 Harnessing the natural forces to serve man’s need
5 Rs : refuse, reuse, reduce, recycle and restore

 Man – dominion over the land/world
 LA’s must plan and design with nature
 LA’s role overlaps with that of an Environmental
Planner (interdisciplinary).
 Man has many conflicting uses of land; thus, we live in
a chaotic society.
- Capitalists = P / $
- Environmentalists = ecological systems/ the
preservation of nature
 Educate our clients towards the preservation of nature
 Design: 2-fold
a. Land Development b. Natural Systems Preserved
= Sustainable Development
 Sustainable Development means:
1. The utilization of present resources for a better quality of life
for future generations.
2. Making the resources available for future use.
 Protecting our Natural Preserves
1. Natural found within various ecosystems

a. Rainforests
b. Principal Watershed (collection of water)
c. Sanctuaries (ex. Bird, Marine, etc.)
d. Mangroves
e. Wetlands
f. Coral Reefs
2. National Parks
- Law protecting our national parks: NIPAS Act - National Integrated Protected
Area System
 enforced through the DENR and the PAMB (Protected Area Management
Board)
An example of a
National Integrated Protected Area
System is
Central Cebu Protected Landscape:
Buhisan
Central Cebu Protected Landscape:
Buhisan
• 1911-1917
under President
Osmena,
Buhisan Dam
was
constructed for
the use of
20,000 people
COMPONENTS OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
1. LAND ASSESSMENT AND LAND PLANNING
(Environmental Planning)
• concerned with regional scale land use, environmental impact predictions
• concerned with systematic evaluation of large areas of land in terms of
land’s suitability or capability for any likely future use
• usually involves a team of specialist; environmental planner / lawyer /
architect/ landscape architect/ urban planner/etc.
 the selection of land suitable for urbanization should

depend on an assessment of its fragility and its value for
other uses.
LAND ASSESSMENT AND LAND PLANNING
ex: Kan-Irag Bio-Physical Characterization
2. SITE PLANNING
• the creation of environments that satisfy the functional needs of the
project while remaining sensitive to local site conditions.
• concerned with analysis of site

- functional relationship
ex. subdivision plan
- resources
- site structure relationship
- land use relationship
ex. Nature park; Open space
3. LANDSCAPE DESIGN
• the site planning and the detailed design for specific projects
• seeks to improve the quality of the landscape, producing tangible forms
with structures and with plants whose growth results in changing
appearances with the seasons and passage of time
• selection of components, materials & plants & their combination as
solutions to limited & well defined problems; paving steps, fountain, etc.
- planting design on broad macro scale – project-based
- indoor / outdoor relationship (circulatory element)
- material designation
LANDSCAPE DESIGN & SITE PLANNING
Provides design services and prepares detailed

layouts for a wide variety of projects including
but not limited to:
• open space
• housing projects
• residential areas
• school grounds, university & college campuses
• urban parks
• campgrounds as well as facilities within national parks
• downtown shopping malls
• street systems
• industrial parks
• waterfront projects
INTERRELATIONSHIP OF THE 3 ASPECTS
1. Criteria for certain large scale land planning decisions depends

on an understanding of the details of design & technology
2. Practitioners have to understand both scales to do either of them

with responsibility & sensitivity.
DIMENSIONS OF DESIGN
The dynamic dimensions is a unique design characteristic of

Landscape Architecture.
Landscape Architecture:
THE LANDSCAPE PLANNER
1. Program requirement (process of planning)
2. Presentation drawing / concept
3. Specifications & estimates
4. Quality control
DOMAIN OF LANDSCAPE
ARCHITECTURE
• Architectural Communication
• Design
• Ecology and Planning
• Construction and Technology
• Professional Practice/Ethics

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LANDSCAPE

 LANDSCAPE – a picture of natural inland scenery

Like Interior Design, it ceases to remain a specialization of building

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE HAS A MORE BROAD SCOPE

An Act Regulating the Practice of Landscape

- it is timely that the USC offered this program to

The profession has responded to a national expansion of actions:

• ALL REQUIRE FRESH CONCEPTS OF OPEN SPACE & LAND USE

an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to

5 Rs : refuse, reuse, reduce, recycle and restore

1. Natural found within various ecosystems

 the selection of land suitable for urbanization should

• concerned with analysis of site

Provides design services and prepares detailed

INTERRELATIONSHIP OF THE 3 ASPECTS

1. Criteria for certain large scale land planning decisions depends

2. Practitioners have to understand both scales to do either of them

The dynamic dimensions is a unique design characteristic of

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