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    Forceps Delivery

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    N. Siva
    Forceps delivery is a method of extracting the fetus using obstetric forceps when the mother is unable to deliver on her own due to issues like uterine inertia or a difficult birth canal. In India, 43.9% of births are via c-section, 17.3% with forceps, and 38.79% spontaneous vaginal delivery. There are different types of forceps classified by length, shape, and application point on the baby's head. Forceps deliveries require certain prerequisites like full cervical dilation and an engaged fetal head. Risks include injuries to the mother like trauma or hemorrhage, and risks to the baby like asphyxia or facial nerve palsy.

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    Forceps Delivery

    Uploaded by

    N. Siva
    4K views22 pages
    Forceps delivery is a method of extracting the fetus using obstetric forceps when the mother is unable to deliver on her own due to issues like uterine inertia or a difficult birth canal. In India, 43.9% of births are via c-section, 17.3% with forceps, and 38.79% spontaneous vaginal delivery. There are different types of forceps classified by length, shape, and application point on the baby's head. Forceps deliveries require certain prerequisites like full cervical dilation and an engaged fetal head. Risks include injuries to the mother like trauma or hemorrhage, and risks to the baby like asphyxia or facial nerve palsy.

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    Forceps delivery

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    Forceps delivery is a method of extracting the fetus using obstetric forceps when the mother is unable to deliver on her own due to issues like uterine inertia or a difficult birth canal. In India, 43.9% of births are via c-section, 17.3% with forceps, and 38.79% spontaneous vaginal delivery. There are different types of forceps classified by length, shape, and application point on the baby's head. Forceps deliveries require certain prerequisites like full cervical dilation and an engaged fetal head. Risks include injuries to the mother like trauma or hemorrhage, and risks to the baby like asphyxia or facial nerve palsy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    4K views22 pages

    Forceps Delivery

    Uploaded by

    N. Siva
    Forceps delivery is a method of extracting the fetus using obstetric forceps when the mother is unable to deliver on her own due to issues like uterine inertia or a difficult birth canal. In India, 43.9% of births are via c-section, 17.3% with forceps, and 38.79% spontaneous vaginal delivery. There are different types of forceps classified by length, shape, and application point on the baby's head. Forceps deliveries require certain prerequisites like full cervical dilation and an engaged fetal head. Risks include injuries to the mother like trauma or hemorrhage, and risks to the baby like asphyxia or facial nerve palsy.

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    FORCEPS DELIVERY

    DEFINITION

    FORCEPS DELIVERY IS A MEANS OF


    EXTRACTING THE FETUS WITH THE AID OF
    OBSTETRIC FORCEPS WHEN IT IS IN
    ADVISABLE/IMPOSSIBLE FOR THE MOTHER
    TO COMPLETE THE DELIVERY BY HER OWN
    EFFORTS.
    INCIDENCE

    IN INDIA:
    CAESAREAN-43.91./.
    FORCEPS -17.3 ./.
    SVD -38.79./.
    CLASSIFICATION
    Factors Forceps
    Length Long(simpsons),Short(shortsim--
    pson,wrigley)
    Function Simple,Special(Axistraction,rotational),
    Forceps for aftercoming head-
    pipers,Extracting the head in caesarean
    section-hale’s

    Presence/a Non-axis traction,Axistraction(Neville-


    bsence of simpson-Barnes,Milne-Murrays,haigh
    axis Ferguson)
    traction
    Continue..

    Time Prophylactic,Trial
    Relation of Parallel shanks(simpson’s)
    shanks
    Overlapping shanks
    (Kiellands,Mclane)
    Station of Outlet(wrigleys,simpson)
    fetal head
    Low(Rotational-Kiellands)
    (Non-Rotational-wrigleys,simpson)
    Mid(Neville-Barnes,Haigh
    Ferguson)
    PARTS OF THE FORCEPS
     1.BLADES

     2.SHANK

     3.HANDLE

     4.LOCK

     5.AXIS TRACTION FORCEPS


    FUNCTIONS

     TRACTION
     COMPRESSION

     ROTATION

     PROTECTION

     DILATATION

     IRRITATION/STIMULATION

     LEVERAGE
    INDICATIONS
     Fault in the power-Impending uterine inertia,
    Prolonged II stage

     Fault in the Passage- midly contracted pelvis

     Fault in the passenger-malposition,


    malpresentation, fetal distress in II stage,
    cord prolapse, after coming head of breech,
    low birthweight baby, postmaturity.

     Maternal indication-exhaustion/distress, placenta


    previa, eclampsia,
    serious heart disease, sign of impending rupture of
    uterus
    CONTRAINDICATIONS
     CEPHALO PELVIC DISPROPOTION:

    The disparity in the relation between the


    head and the pelvis is called cephalopelvic
    dispropotion.
    PRE REQUISITE
     F - full dilatation of the cervix
     O – outlet adequate/no CPD
     R - ruptured membrane
     C - contraction good
     E - engagement head is definite
     P - positive identification of presentation and
    position
     S - surrounding organs (bladder, bowel) should be
    emptied
    METHODS OF APPLICATION
     1.CEPHALIC APPLICATION-Here the blades
    fit the babys head.
     2.PELVIC APPLICATION-Here the blades
    are located idealy in relation to the pelvis
    regardless of how the forceps grip the fetal
    head.
     3.PERFECT APPLICATION-It is achieved
    when the cephalic and pelvic application
    coincide.
    TYPES OF FORCEPS
    Criteria Wrigleys Simpsons Kiellands pipers

    Length 27.5cm 27.5cm 40cm 44.5cm


    Shank Short Short Long Long,
    back
    bend of
    shanks

    Lock French English Sliding English


    Continue….
    Criteria Wrigleys Simpsons Kielland Pipers
    Curve Marked No pelvic Shallow Small
    cephalic, curve cephalic cephali
    slight curve, ccurve,
    pelvic lack of slight
    curve pelvic Pelvic
    curve curve
    Indicatio Head- Head- Occipito After
    -n introitus +1,+2 post…, coming
    station Deeptra head
    nsverse.
    .
    TYPES OF FORCEPS
    OPERATIONS
    HIGH FORCEPS : Non engaged head
    MIDFORCEPS:(High mid and low mid)
    The biparietal diameter has not
    passed the level of ischial spine.
    LOW FORCEPS:The biparietal diameter
    passed the level of ischial spine.
    OUTLETFORCEPS:HEAD IS SEEN AT
    THE INTROITUS
    EQUIPMENT
     DELIVERY SET

     APPROPRIATE FORCEPS

     WELL EQUIPPED
    NEONATALRESUSCITATON AREA
    STEPS
     IDENTIFICATION OF FORCEPS

     APPLICATION OF THE BLADES

     LOCKING OF THE BLADES

     TRACTION

     REMOVAL OF THE BLADES


    METHOD OF APPLICATION
    METHOD OF APPLICATION
    ADVANTAGES OF FORCEPS
     Applied to after coming head of
    breech
     Applied to face presentation

     Applied to dead fetus

     Ventous has a higher failuer rate

    than the forceps


     Fetal soft tissue trauma is less
    DELIVERY OF THE
    AFTERCOMING
    HEAD
    COMPLICATIONS
     MATERNAL:
    Immediate-(injury,PPH,shock,sepsis)

    Remote-(chronic low backache,genital prolapse,stress


    incontinence)

     FETAL:
    Immediate-(asphyxia,intracranial
    hemorrhage,cephalohematoma,facial palsy,abrasion of the
    soft tissues of the face and forehead)

    Remote-(cerebral and spastic palsy)

     FAILURE OF FORCEPS
    THANK YOU

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