Plant Movement

PLANT MOVEMENTS
Presented to
Mam, Uzma Noreen
Presented by
Nagina Asghar s/2012-1901
Fatima Shahzad s/2012-1915
TOPIC
S
 Plant movement
 Classification of plant movement
 Phototropism
 Gravitropism
 Nastic movement
 Mechanisms
CLASSIFICATION OF PLANT
MOVEMENT
 There are two types of plant movement
1. Autonomic movement
or
spontaneous movement
2. paratonic movement
or
Induced movement
AUTONOMIC MOVEMENT
Definition
Autonomic movements are not growth movements in plants.
They are because of internal causes, however external stimuli
also effect in a way.
Types of autonomic movement
There are three types of autonomic movement.

 Locomotion movement
 Growth and curvature movement
 Variation movement
PARATONIC MOVEMENT
Definition:
They involve movement of the complete cell or
organelle, and is influenced by external stimuli.
There are many types of paratonic movements.
TYPES OF PARATONIC MOVEMENTS
 Tactic movement
1. Phototaxis
2.Thermotaxis
3.Chemotaxis
 Tropic movement
 Nastic movement
 Hydroscopic movement
 Seismonastic movement
Tactic movement
Tactic movement involve the movement of cell or
organism is evolved due to INTERNAL STIMULUS.
One such example is the movement of chloroplast.
Phototactic
It is the movement brought about in response to light.
Thermotactic:
It is the movement shown in response to heat.
Chemotactic:
It is the movement brought about due to some chemical
substances
Tropic movement:
These include phototropism, geotropism, chemotropism,
hydrotropism and thigmotropism.
TROPISM
Definition:
A tropism is a growth response of a plant to an external
stimulus.
A tropism can be positive or negative.
Positive tropism:
The growth response is in the direction of the stimulus.
Negative tropism:
the growth response is away from the stimulus.
PHOTOTROPISM:
 Phototropism is the growth of organisms in response to
light.
 It is most often observed in plants, but can also occur in
other organisms such as fungi.
OR
phototropism occurs when a plant responds to light by
bending in the direction of the light
A phototropism can be positive or negative.
Positive phototropism:
The stems will grow towards the light and up away from
gravity. This places the leaves in better light with increase
in photosynthesis.
 Negative phototropism:
The roots grow away from light and down in the gravity
of direction.
MECHANISM OF PHOTOTROPISM
 The plant hormone auxin is responsible for a plant's
ability to grow towards the light
 Plants have developed a number of strategies to capture
the maximum amount of sunlight through their leaves.
As we know from looking at plants on a windowsill, they
grow toward the sunlight to be able to generate energy
by photosynthesis.
 Now scientists have provided definitive insights into the
driving force behind this movement -- the plant
hormone auxin.
GRAVITROPISM
 It also known as geotropism.

 Definition:
The turning or growth movement by a plant, fungus, or

animal in response to gravity.
o It is a general feature of all higher and many lower plants
as well as other organisms.

o Gravitropism is very common and affects plant growth
very much
 Gravitropism may be positive or negative:
negative
 Positive gravitropism:
roots show positive gravitropism. , roots grow in the

direction of gravitational pull (i.e., downward)
 Negative gravitropism:
stems show negative gravitropism. stems grow in the

opposite direction (i.e., upwards)
POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE
GRAVITROPISM
MECHANISM OF GRAVITROPISM:
Detecting the direction of gravity is the
essential ﬁrst step in gravitropism.
Plant organs achieve this by sensing the
movement and position of starch grains
contained within amyloplasts of specialised
cells called statocytes.
AMYLOPLAST
 It transforms glucose (which is a simple sugar) into
starch. The process of doing this is called
polymerization.
 Amyloplast stores starch grains within their stretched
membranes. They also can transform starch into sugar
when the plant needs energy.
MECHANISM OF GRAVITROPISM
NASTIC MOVEMENT
Nastic movements are non-directional responses to stimuli,
(e.g temperature, humidity) and are usually associated
with plants
FOR EXAMPLE
 The closing of the carnivorous Venus Flytrap leaf when
it captures prey
 The folding of the mimosa leaf when it is disturbed
MIMOSA PLANT
VENUS FLYTRAP
MECHANISM OF NASTIC MOVEMENT
 Nastic movement is generally caused by elastic changes
in the size of special motor cells within the plant tissue.
These changes are generally produced by changes in
osmotic pressure due to an influx or efflux of ions that
cause water to move in or out of the cells. In many
plants, shrinkage of the motor cells causes the overall
movement of the plant.
QUESTIONS
Q1: what is plant movement?
A tropism is a biological phenomenon, indicating growth or
turning movement of a biological organism, usually a plant, in
response to an environmental stimulus.
Q2: how many types of plant movements?
Two types:
1.Autonomic
2.Paratonic
Q3: how many types of autonomic movement?
3 types:
Locomotion
Variation
Growth and curvature
Q5: which hormone is responsible for mechanism of
phototropism?
Auxin
Q6: give example of nastic movement?
Mimosa
Venus flytrap
Q7: define gravitroism,and which part of plant show
positive gravitropism?
Plant movement toward gravity.
Roots shows positive gravitropism
Q8: Define amyloplast?
Amyloplast stores starch grains within their stretched
membranes.
Q9: Define chemotaxis?
It is the movement brought about due to some chemical
substances.
Q10: abbreviate IAA?
Indole acetic acid
(hormone that elongates the stem and root).
THANK YOU SO MUCH
REFRENCES
 http://www.tutorvista.com/content/biology/biology-
iv/plant-growth-movements/plant-movements.php
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phototropism
 http://www.scienceclarified.com/Oi-
Ph/Phototropism.html
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitropism
 http://plantsinmotion.bio.indiana.edu/plantmotion/move
ments/nastic/nastic.html
 http://lifeofplant.blogspot.com/2011/03/nastic-
movements.html

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PLANT MOVEMENTS

There are three types of autonomic movement.

 It also known as geotropism.

The turning or growth movement by a plant, fungus, or

as well as other organisms.

roots show positive gravitropism. , roots grow in the

stems show negative gravitropism. stems grow in the

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