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    Book Review

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    SAMRAH IQBAL

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    Book Review

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    SAMRAH IQBAL
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    29 views10 pages

    Book Review

    Uploaded by

    SAMRAH IQBAL

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 10

    Aids for cooling

    Wind catchers/ Wind towers


    • Found in hot climate areas
    • Use: catching unobstructed
    higher level breezes
    • Uni-directional and oriented, or
    pivoted scoops and
    multidirectional towers
    Evaporative coolers
    • Warm air passing over water
    evaporates the water and much
    of the heat is absorbed in the
    process.
    • Evaporated water stays in the
    air, making it humid, thus these
    can only be used in drier
    climates.
    Recommendations for hot climate zones
    Warm-humid zones Hot-dry zones
    Climate High rainfall, humidity and radiation High intensity direct sunlight, low humidity,
    characteristics intensity. High and even temperature low precipitation. Sandy, dust storms.
    throughout year
    Problems and Uncomfortable hot, sticky conditions Heat, dryness, flies, sand, dust storms create
    requirements requires high air velocity. Openness and uncomfortable environment. Reduction of
    shading in buildings, efficient ventilation, heat to be prioritized over environment during
    daytime
    Response Layout and form: open structures fro max Layout and form: enclosed, compactly
    ventilation planned, inward looking buildings.
    Lightweight construction with low thermal Windows: small, shielded from direct sunlight
    capacity and glare
    Pitched roofs to shed rain Roof: solid, heat storing, reflective. Flat
    Reflective roof and walls concrete often used
    Recommendations for hot climate zones
    Composite zones Sub-tropical – Mediterranean zones
    Climate 2-3 distinct seasons. One warm-wet, the Summers: warm to hot to dry. Winters: cool to
    characteristics other hot-dry cold with rainfall
    Problems and Complex climates in context of design. Protection required from summer heat, and
    requirements Design must be able to deal with all cold and rain in winter
    conditions.
    Response Forma and layout: Moderately compact. Continental area requirements similar to hot-
    Courtyard buildings, terraced buildings dry areas but moderately. Marine area
    suitable. buildings require space for breeze
    Windows: medium sized opening. Thick Roof: sloping to shed rain and provide shade
    shutters to reduce heat and dust flow in for windows.
    summers, cool air in winters
    Walls: thick, heavy walls with thermal
    capacity
    Roof: heavy, reflective
    Chapter 3: Regional
    Hazards
    Condensation
    • Occurs mainly under cold conditions
    • Moisture in internal walls causes mold
    • Minimized by ventilation, porous plaster
    and paints

    Hail
    • Large hailstones can penetrate
    lightweight structures
    • Roof to be hail resistant
    • Toughened glass for windows
    Lightning
    • Hot climate areas
    • Heat: moisture plus heat from lightning –
    instantaneous explosion.
    • Side flash: lightning flashing to the nearest
    metal structure.
    • Lightning conductor: masts or poles of
    steel or aluminum
    • Earthing: vertical earthing/ earth rods, and
    horizontal or trench earthing. Required for
    high rise structures.
    Insects Termites
    • Hot climates • Drywood termites: live in wood
    • Solutions: use of flyscreens, • Subterranean termites: wood
    cutting undergrowth, no destroying, non-wood destroying
    standing water nearby or in • Solution: preservative treatment
    gutters of wood
    Sand and dust
    • In drier hot areas
    • Respiratory problems,
    extra cleaning work,
    detrimental to interiors
    • Use of small barrier
    screens
    • Shutters to protect again
    wind blown sand and dust
    Tropical storms
    • Damage from strong winds and excessive rainfall and from
    secondary effects
    • Designer must research extensively on past storms before moving
    onto the design

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