This document discusses how to formulate research questions based on a literature review matrix. It explains that formulation refers to determining the direction and scope of research. A good formulation should be clear, concise, and universal rather than too general or narrow. It provides examples of using a Venn diagram to identify common aspects between references to develop research questions. Students are asked to email the instructor with three common aspects identified from two main references to form the basis of their research formulation.
This document discusses how to formulate research questions based on a literature review matrix. It explains that formulation refers to determining the direction and scope of research. A good formulation should be clear, concise, and universal rather than too general or narrow. It provides examples of using a Venn diagram to identify common aspects between references to develop research questions. Students are asked to email the instructor with three common aspects identified from two main references to form the basis of their research formulation.
This document discusses how to formulate research questions based on a literature review matrix. It explains that formulation refers to determining the direction and scope of research. A good formulation should be clear, concise, and universal rather than too general or narrow. It provides examples of using a Venn diagram to identify common aspects between references to develop research questions. Students are asked to email the instructor with three common aspects identified from two main references to form the basis of their research formulation.
This document discusses how to formulate research questions based on a literature review matrix. It explains that formulation refers to determining the direction and scope of research. A good formulation should be clear, concise, and universal rather than too general or narrow. It provides examples of using a Venn diagram to identify common aspects between references to develop research questions. Students are asked to email the instructor with three common aspects identified from two main references to form the basis of their research formulation.
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FORMULASI PENELITIAN
MTI705 PENILAIAN KRITIS DAN
FORMULASI PENDAHULUAN • Formulasi penelitian penilaian kritis: Mahasiswa dapat menentukan formulasi/ perumusan penelitian dari pemetaan literatur yang telah ditetapkan (matrix). • Menurut Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI), arti kata formulasi adalah perumusan. • Penelitian adalah sebuah proses kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui sesuatu secara teliti, kritis dalam mencari fakta-fakta dengan menggunakan langkah-langkah tertentu. Pemetaan Literatur (review) Contoh: Study of QE tools and techniques WHAT IS ORIGINALITY IN RESEARCH? • Based on original research that produces new knowle dge. • Originality mean new knowledge that has not previously presented. • Originality could mean many things such as addressing a known problem in new ways. • Originality may relate to the topic or the approach one adopt to contribute to the body of knowledge. • Originality means adding new knowledge to a research area, beyond the consensus in this area. • New way of looking at things, new way of thinking. Original Research Paper • Original Research Paper Are Presented as A Simple Questionnaire • Questionnaire For Original Research Articles A. Overall B. Introduction C. Materials and methods D. Results E. Discussion F. Conclusions G.ofReferences Ref: Art reading a journal article: Methodically and effectively, RV Subramanyam (2013) Department of Oral Pathology, Drs Sudha and Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India Questionnaire for original research articles
A. Overall 1. What was the article type? (sudah dijelaskan di atas – tentang tipe-tipe artikel primer & sekunder) 2. What was the title? (judul, keyword, tema, kesesuaian dengan jurnal) 3. Who were the authors? (siapa, kompetensi, relevansi, institusi, dll)
Table 4: Questionnaire for original research articles, pada artikel : Art of reading a journal article: Methodically and effectively, RV Subramanyam (2013) B. Introduction
4. What was the research problem?
5. Was there any mention of previous studies on this topic? 6. Why was this study performed (the rationale)? 7. What were the aims and objectives of the study? 8. What was the study (research) hypothesis? C. Materials and methods 9. How did the researcher attempt to answer the research question’? 10. How was the sampling done? 11. How were they grouped (categorized)? 12. What were the inclusion criteria? (ciri-ciri yang harus dimiliki untuk diikutsertakan) 13. What were the exclusion criteria? (ciri-ciri yang mendiskualifikasi) 14. What procedures were followed? 15. Which variables were measured? 16. What equipment/instruments were used for data collection’? Were they appropriate? 17. What statistical methods/tests were employed? Were they apt for evaluation? D. Results
• 18. What were the key findings?
• 19. Were all the subjects present in the beginning of the study accounted for at the end of the study’? (awal sd akhir) • 20. Were the results reliable? (handal) • 21. Were the results valid? (sah/sahih) • 22. Which results were statistically significant? • 23. Which results were statistically non-significant? • 24. Were the tables/graphs easy to comprehend? (mudah dipahami) E. Discussion
25. Did the results answer the research question?
26. What were the authors interpretations of the data? 27. Was the analysis of the data relevant to the research question? 28. How were these results different/similar when compared to other studies? 29. What were the strengths of the study? 30. What were the limitations of the study? 31. Were there any extrapolations of the findings beyond the range of data? F. Conclusions
32. What were the conclusions?
33. Were the authors’ conclusions based upon reported data and analysis? 34. Were the conclusions reasonable and logical? 35. Will the results be usefid for further research? 36. Was the study worth doing? 37. Does the nader have any questions unanswered by the article? G. References
38. Were the references cited according to
journal’s requirement? 39. Were all the citations conect? 40. Were all the references cited in the text? MEMFORMULASI PENELITIAN • Memformulasi penelitian merupakan upaya untuk menentukan hal berkaitan minat penelitian dan tindakan yg akan dilakukan berdasarkan penilai kiritis terhadap kajian sebelumnya. • Formulasi penelitian merupakan titik tolak awal menetapkan arah penelitian, maka harus jelas, padat berisi implikasi menunjukkan koridor penelitian yang tidak terlalu umum atau tidak terlalu sempit, sebaiknya bersifat universal. Pendekatan Diagram Venn
• Diagram Venn atau diagram set adalah diagram yang menunjukkan semua
kemungkinan hubungan logika dan hipotesis di antara sekelompok (set/himpunan/grup) benda ataupun objek. • Diagram Venn ini pertama kali diperkenalkan pada tahun 1880 oleh John Venn untuk menunjukkan hubungan sederhana dalam topik-topik di bidang logika, probabilitas, statistik, linguistik dan ilmu komputer. Based on original research • Start from original research paper akan menghasilkan NEW original research paper & Next research. TUGAS
Acknowledgement: Terima kasih dan penghargaan yang tinggi kepada kontributor dalam slide ini. Penulis slide ini anonim, Slide ini dikutip dengan dari berbagai sumber diantaranya dari buku, jurnal, proseding dan web 17
