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    Chem 12

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    Glenn Clemente
    This document discusses different types of intermolecular forces including London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonding. It explains that intermolecular forces determine properties of liquids and solids, such as melting and boiling points, by holding molecules together. London dispersion forces are the weakest and result from temporary dipoles induced in adjacent atoms. Dipole-dipole interactions occur between polar molecules. Hydrogen bonding is a stronger type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom near another electronegative atom.

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    Chem 12

    Uploaded by

    Glenn Clemente
    19 views15 pages
    This document discusses different types of intermolecular forces including London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonding. It explains that intermolecular forces determine properties of liquids and solids, such as melting and boiling points, by holding molecules together. London dispersion forces are the weakest and result from temporary dipoles induced in adjacent atoms. Dipole-dipole interactions occur between polar molecules. Hydrogen bonding is a stronger type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom near another electronegative atom.

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    This document discusses different types of intermolecular forces including London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonding. It explains that intermolecular forces determine properties of liquids and solids, such as melting and boiling points, by holding molecules together. London dispersion forces are the weakest and result from temporary dipoles induced in adjacent atoms. Dipole-dipole interactions occur between polar molecules. Hydrogen bonding is a stronger type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom near another electronegative atom.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    19 views15 pages

    Chem 12

    Uploaded by

    Glenn Clemente
    This document discusses different types of intermolecular forces including London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonding. It explains that intermolecular forces determine properties of liquids and solids, such as melting and boiling points, by holding molecules together. London dispersion forces are the weakest and result from temporary dipoles induced in adjacent atoms. Dipole-dipole interactions occur between polar molecules. Hydrogen bonding is a stronger type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom near another electronegative atom.

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    Intermolecular

    Forces
    Dispersion, Dipole–Dipole, Hydrogen Bonding, and
    Ion-Dipole
    Learning
    Objectives
    • To describe the intermolecular
    forces in liquids.
    List Slide
    ✔ Dipole–Dipole
    Interactions About

    ✔ London Dispersion
    Forces

    ✔ Hydrogen Bonds
    Timeline
    Atom

    Proton
    Nucleus Neutron

    Electron
    IMF
    • Intermolecular forces determine bulk properties,
    such as the melting points of solids and the boiling
    points of liquids. Liquids boil when the molecules
    have enough thermal energy to overcome the
    intermolecular attractive forces that hold them
    together, thereby forming bubbles of vapor within
    the liquid. Similarly, solids melt when the
    molecules acquire enough thermal energy to
    overcome the intermolecular forces that lock them
    into place in the solid.
    IMF
    Intermolecular forces are electrostatic in nature; that
    is, they arise from the interaction between positively
    and negatively charged species. Like covalent and
    ionic bonds, intermolecular interactions are the sum
    of both attractive and repulsive components.
    Because electrostatic interactions fall off rapidly with
    increasing distance between molecules,
    intermolecular interactions are most important for
    solids and liquids, where the molecules are close
    together. These interactions become important for
    gases only at very high pressures, where they are
    responsible for the observed deviations from the
    ideal gas law at high pressures.
    London Dispersion Forces
    Interactions between ions, dipoles, and induced dipoles
    account for many properties of molecules - deviations
    from ideal gas behavior in the vapor state, and the
    condensation of gases to the liquid or solid states. In
    general, stronger interactions allow the solid and liquid
    states to persist to higher temperatures. These
    interactions are generally called dispersion forces. The
    London dispersion force is the weakest intermolecular
    force. It is a temporary attractive force that results
    when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy
    positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles.
    IMF
    Dipole–Dipole Interactions
    • Dipole-Dipole interactions result when two dipolar
    molecules interact with each other through space.
    When this occurs, the partially negative portion of
    one of the polar molecules is attracted to the
    partially positive portion of the second polar
    molecule. This type of interaction between
    molecules accounts for many physically and
    biologically significant phenomena such as the
    elevated boiling point of water.
    IMF
    Hydrogen Bonds
    • A hydrogen bond is an intermolecular force (IMF) that
    forms a special type of dipole-dipole attraction when a
    hydrogen atom bonded to a strongly electronegative
    atom exists in the vicinity of another electronegative
    atom with a lone pair of electrons. Intermolecular
    forces (IMFs) occur between molecules. Other
    examples include ordinary dipole-dipole interactions
    and dispersion forces. Hydrogen bonds are are
    generally stronger than ordinary dipole-dipole and
    dispersion forces, but weaker than true covalent and
    ionic bonds.
    IMF
    Summary
    Intermolecular forces (IMF) are part of our daily life, you might even wonder why
    there are different states of matter. There are so many forms of bond, you also have
    a “special bond” to the person whom you know, but it is your choice whether you are
    going to make it more strong or let the bond be destroyed, just try to think of that.
    This Presentation is Prepared by

    “Glenn B. Clemente”

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