LPG Safety Orientation 2015

LPG Safety Orientation
Basic Knowledge in LPG Handling

Objectives
 To know the basic characteristics and properties
of butane and propane or mix.
 To identify hazards involved in dealing with LPG.
 To learn the safe and proper handling of LPG
 To developed fire prevention and protection and

emergency plan for fires produced by LP-gas.
What is LPG?
LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS. (Also
known as LP Gas)
 liquid petroleum gas or simply propane or
butane
 flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases.

What are the common characteristics of LPG?
 Colourless and odourless
 Heavier than air
 At a normal temperature, LPG is a gas.
 When subjected to extreme or high pressure

or cooling, it transforms into a liquid.
What are the sources of LPG?
 From natural gases extracted directly from the
earth
(Source: WLPGA Statistical Review of Global LP Gas 2008)

What are the sources of LPG?
 From
refining of
crude oil
(Source: WLPGA Statistical Review of Global LP Gas 2008)

What are the usage of LPG?
RECREATION AGRICULTURE HEATING
COOKING AUTOMOTIVE POWER

GENERATION
LPG CHARACTERISTICS
LPG is LIQUID when stored under

extreme pressure
Propane 7 bars ( 100 psi )

Butane 2 bars ( 30 psi )
LPG CHARACTERISTICS
LPG boils at LOWER temperature
Propane at - 42 0C
Butane at - 2 0C
LPG CHARACTERISTICS
LP – Gas Vaporization
Heat Heat
Heat Heat
LPG CHARACTERISTICS
LPG Expands and Contracts at Ambient

Temperature
CYLINDERS
ARE
CHARGED
BY WEIGHT
TANKS ARE
CHARGED BY VOLUME
AND FILLED TO 80% - 87%
LPG CHARACTERISTICS
LPG EXPANDS over 200 times when

Vaporized
LPG CHARACTERISTICS
LPG FLAMMABILITY
• LPG-Air % Mixture
• Lower Flammability • Upper Flammability
Limit Limit
• AIR
• LPG
• 1.6 • 9.5
% %
LPG CHARACTERISTICS
Self-ignition Temperature
 PROPANE
480 – 530 ºC
 BUTANE
460 – 580 ºC
HAZARDS OF LPG WHEN
MISHANDLED
Asphyxiation
Cold Burns
Uncontrolled release followed by

fire and explosion
BLEVE
FIRST AID FOR COLD BURNS
IDENTIFYING LEAK BY SIGHT
 Dead or dying vegetation over buried
gas lines
 Unusual changes to soil - blackening,
mildew, etc
 Unusual swarms of insects or piles of
dead insects that may have been
attracted to and killed by leaking gas
 Bubble formation when Soap Solution
testing is conducted
IDENTIFYING LEAK BY SMELL
 In its natural state, LPG is odorless.
Odorant (Ethyl Mercaptan) is added to
give it a distinctive smell.
IDENTIFYING LEAK BY SOUND
 If a gas leak is large enough, there may
be a hissing sound
EMERGENCY PROCEDURE FOR
LEAKING TANKS OR CYLINDERS
Do’s & Don’ts for LPG Cylinders
Always keep
the cylinder in
upright position
Don’t heat the

cylinder directly or
indirectly.
Restrict entry
to Authorized
people only.
Don’t store any

extra material in
LPG shed and keep
area clean
Don’t allow any

battery operated
instruments inside
LPG yard.
Don’t use any non-

flame proof electrical
items inside LPG
yard.
No Smoking
No Naked Flame.

DO’s While Unloading LPG Tanker
 Check all documents relating to the lorry.
 Park the tanker on hard stand and apply
hand brakes. Put wheel chokes on all the
four wheels and then position the DCP fire
extinguisher near unloading point
 The master switch of battery must be
turned ‘OFF’
 Ensure proper earthing connections for
tank and truck body
 During unloading, the tanker driver and LPG
yard operator should always be present at the
site.
 After checking lorry parameters, connect both

liquid and vapour balancing hoses to the tanker
 Open the liquid and vapour valves of the tanker

slowly and vent out air trapped in hose through
vent pipes
 Unload the tanker first by pressure difference.
When pressure is balanced, start the unloading
pump.
 Monitor the liquid level in static tanks by checking

rotogauge at regular intervals. Ensure that static
tanks are not filled beyond 85%
 After unloading of the tanker is complete, check

rotogauge of static tanks and tankers, and stop
unloading pump
 Close the ball valves of tanker and fill
point. Empty LPG from unloading hoses
by venting off and disconnecting hoses
 Disconnect hoses, and the earthing

connections, remove wheel chokes before
leaving the loading yard
LPG FACILITY MAINTENANCE
 Permit is a pre-requisite to carry out any
maintenance work
 Only authorized service personnel can carry

out maintenance operations inside the LPG
yard
 Hot work like welding, heating or cutting work

should be done outside the LPG yard (fenced
area).
Do's of LPG Bulk Installation
 Maintain visitor log book
 Regularly check for proper functioning of
fire fighting system and DCP fire
extinguishers
 Maintain earth pits properly
 Remove all dry grass from LPG yard
periodically
 Keep gates of LPG yard closed
Do's of LPG Bulk Installation
 Don’t allow unauthorized persons into the
LPG yard
 Don’t store any foreign material in the LPG
yard
 Don’t allow battery operated instruments
inside the LPG yard
 Don’t touch liquid LPG with naked hands.
Always use hand gloves
 Don’t walk over pipelines
What could go wrong?

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LPG Safety Orientation

Basic Knowledge in LPG Handling

 To identify hazards involved in dealing with LPG.

 To learn the safe and proper handling of LPG

 To developed fire prevention and protection and

 flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases.

 Colourless and odourless

 Heavier than air

 At a normal temperature, LPG is a gas.

 When subjected to extreme or high pressure

(Source: WLPGA Statistical Review of Global LP Gas 2008)

(Source: WLPGA Statistical Review of Global LP Gas 2008)

RECREATION AGRICULTURE HEATING

COOKING AUTOMOTIVE POWER

LPG is LIQUID when stored under

Propane 7 bars ( 100 psi )

LPG boils at LOWER temperature

LPG Expands and Contracts at Ambient

LPG EXPANDS over 200 times when

Uncontrolled release followed by

Don’t heat the

Don’t store any

Don’t allow any

Don’t use any non-

No Naked Flame.

 After checking lorry parameters, connect both

 Open the liquid and vapour valves of the tanker

 Monitor the liquid level in static tanks by checking

 After unloading of the tanker is complete, check

 Disconnect hoses, and the earthing

 Only authorized service personnel can carry

 Hot work like welding, heating or cutting work

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