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    International Mandates

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    darrelhatesyou
    This document discusses international mandates around human rights and women's rights. It defines human rights as inherent to all people regardless of attributes. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights outlines 30 fundamental rights and principles of universality, indivisibility, participation, accountability, and non-discrimination. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) is the international bill of rights for women that guarantees women civil rights, reproductive rights, and mechanisms to address cultural factors influencing gender relations. Compliance is monitored by a UN committee that can initiate inquiries into grave or systemic violations.

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    International Mandates

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    darrelhatesyou
    18 views27 pages
    This document discusses international mandates around human rights and women's rights. It defines human rights as inherent to all people regardless of attributes. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights outlines 30 fundamental rights and principles of universality, indivisibility, participation, accountability, and non-discrimination. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) is the international bill of rights for women that guarantees women civil rights, reproductive rights, and mechanisms to address cultural factors influencing gender relations. Compliance is monitored by a UN committee that can initiate inquiries into grave or systemic violations.

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    This document discusses international mandates around human rights and women's rights. It defines human rights as inherent to all people regardless of attributes. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights outlines 30 fundamental rights and principles of universality, indivisibility, participation, accountability, and non-discrimination. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) is the international bill of rights for women that guarantees women civil rights, reproductive rights, and mechanisms to address cultural factors influencing gender relations. Compliance is monitored by a UN committee that can initiate inquiries into grave or systemic violations.

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    18 views27 pages

    International Mandates

    Uploaded by

    darrelhatesyou
    This document discusses international mandates around human rights and women's rights. It defines human rights as inherent to all people regardless of attributes. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights outlines 30 fundamental rights and principles of universality, indivisibility, participation, accountability, and non-discrimination. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) is the international bill of rights for women that guarantees women civil rights, reproductive rights, and mechanisms to address cultural factors influencing gender relations. Compliance is monitored by a UN committee that can initiate inquiries into grave or systemic violations.

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    INTERNATIONAL

    MANDATES
    International Mandates

    - Human Rights is the rights that one is


    entitled to by virtue of being human, are
    inalienable.

    How do we define Human rights?

    - Human rights are rights inherent to all


    human beings, regardless of race, sex,
    nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or
    any other status.
    What are the different human rights?

    - Our human rights is embodied in an important document known


    as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). This
    international document was drafted immediately after the United
    Nations came into being in October 24, 1945. The Declaration,
    which was adopted in December 10, 1948, is the most universal
    human rights document in existence, delineating the Thirty
    fundamental rights that form the basis for a democratic Society.
    Enumerated in Table 1 is the Summary of the Thirty Fundamental
    Rights.
    What are the Basic Principles of human rights?

    The following are the basic principles of human rights:


    - Universality:
    This means that human rights must be afforded to everyone, without exception,
    as people are entitled to these rights simply by virtue of being human
    - Indivisibility:
    Human rights are inseparable and are dependent on each other. This means that
    in order to guarantee the other rights embodied in the UDHR, all of the rights
    must be fulfilled, protected and uphold. For example, if the government
    violates rights such as health, it necessarily affects people's ability to exercise
    other rights such as the right to life.
    - Participation:
    People have a right to participate on how decisions are made regarding
    protection of their rights. This includes but is not limited to having input on
    government decisions about rights. To ensure human rights, governments must
    engage and support the participation of civil society on these issues.
    - Accountability:
    Governments must create mechanisms of accountability for the enforcement of
    rights. It is not enough that rights are recognized in domestic law or in policies
    of governments. To ensure accountability, there must be effective measures out
    in place so that the government can be held accountable if those rights
    standards are not met. An example of this mechanism is our Commission on
    Human Rights (CHR).
    - Transparency:
    Transparency means that governments must be open about all information
    and decision-making processes related to rights. People must be able to
    know and understand how major decisions affecting rights are made and
    how public institutions, such as hospitals and schools, which are needed to
    protect rights, are managed and run. An example of this is the law on
    freedom of information.
    - Non-Discrimination:
    Human rights must be guaranteed without discrimination of any kind. This
    includes not only purposeful discrimination, but also protection from
    policies and practices which may have a discriminatory effect.
    Ta b l e 1
    Article 1 Right to Equality
    Article 2 Freedom from Discrimination
    A r t i c l e 3 R i g h t t o L i f e , L i b e r t y, P e r s o n a l S e c u r i t y
    Article 4 Freedom from Slavery
    A r t i c l e 5 F r e e d o m f r o m To r t u r e a n d D e g r a d i n g Tr e a t m e n t
    Article 6 Right to Recognition as a Person before the Law
    Article 7 Right to Equality before the Law
    A r t i c l e 8 R i g h t t o R e m e d y b y C o m p e t e n t Tr i b u n a l
    Article 9 Freedom from Arbitrary Arrest and Exile
    Article 10 Right to Fair Public Hearing
    A r t i c l e 11 R i g h t t o b e C o n s i d e r e d I n n o c e n t u n t i l P r o v e n G u i l t y
    A r t i c l e 1 2 F r e e d o m f r o m I n t e r f e r e n c e w i t h P r i v a c y, F a m i l y, H o m e
    and Correspondence
    Article 13 Right to Free Movement in and out of the Country
    Article 14 Right to Asylum in other Countries from Persecution
    Article 15 Right to a Nationality and the Freedom to Change It
    Article 16 Right to Marriage and Family
    Article 17 Right to Own Property
    Article 18 Freedom of Belief and Religion
    Article 19 Freedom of Opinion and Information
    Article 20 Right of Peaceful Assembly and Association
    Article 21 Right to Participate in Government and in Free Elections
    Article 22 Right to Social Security
    A r t i c l e 2 3 R i g h t t o D e s i r a b l e Wo r k a n d t o J o i n Tr a d e U n i o n s
    Article 24 Right to Rest and Leisure
    Article 25 Right to Adequate Living Standard
    Article 26 Right to Education
    Article 27 Right to Participate in the Cultural Life of Community
    Article 28 Right to a Social Order that Articulates this Document
    Article 29 Community Duties Essential to Free and Full Development
    Article 30 Freedom from State or Personal Interference in the above
    Rights
    United Nations Decade for Women Conference
    What is an International Instrument?
    - is a legal document signed by different nations that provides directions
    - obligation to develop and implement legislation for the protection and fulfillment of the
    rights of its citizen.

    International instruments that talk about the rights of women and girls, includes the
    Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW),
    the Beijing Platform for Action (BPA), and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
    2030.

    What is CEDAW means?


    Is the convention that is often referred to – as the international bill of rights for women. It
    was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 18, 1979.
    CEDAW focuses on women’s rights and women’s issues worldwide.
    The definition of discrimination
    - Discrimination means unfair treatment of a person or group for any reason such as being
    girl or boy, belonging to a particular race or religion or having different abilities, and so on.

    - Discrimination against girls and women means directly or indirectly treating girls and
    women differently from boys and men in a way which prevents them from enjoying their
    rights.

    - Direct discrimination against girls and women is generally easier to recognize as the
    discrimination is quite obvious.

    - Indirect discrimination against girls and women can be difficult to recognize. It refers to
    situations that may appear to be unbiased, but the result is in unequal treatment of girls and
    women.
    WHAT IS INDIRECT
    DISCRIMINATION?
    - What are the rights of women and girls guaranteed under CEDAW?
    • The rights of women and girls under CEDAW can be divided into three categories in
    accordance to the three focus areas of the Convention as mentioned above.

    The first category of rights are those that refers to the Civil Rights
    and Legal Status of women and girls.

    The second category of rights is known as the Reproductive


    Rights.

    The last and third category of rights refers to the mechanisms that
    need to be established by the ratifying nation to address cultural
    factors influencing gender relations.
    Why is CEDAW important?

    1. CEDAW provides a complete definition of sex based discrimination.


    2. CEDAW takes a concrete and three dimensional view of equality.
    3. CEDAW legally binds States Parties to fulfill, protect and respect women's
    human rights.
    4. CEDAW recognizes that discrimination is often most deeply rooted in
    spheres of life such as culture, family and interpersonal relations.
    5. CEDAW can make a difference for women and girls.
    How many countries in Southeast Asia are
    party to the convention?

    - All ten of the ASEAN countries have ratified or acceded to the Convention.
    The Philippines was the first country to ratify the convention in 1981,
    followed in the next decade by Lao PDR, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Thailand.
    Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore and Myanmar became States parties in the
    1990's, while Brunei Darussalam acceded in 2006. In addition, Timor - Leste,
    a non-ASEAN country, acceded to the convention in April 2003
    How is compliance of ratifying nations to CEDAW monitored?
    What will happen if they violated the CEDAW provisions?

    - The committee is responsible for reviewing each State party's progress, as well as the
    challenges they are experiencing in implementing the Convention. The committee is also
    responsible for developing jurispudence, a body of legal interpretation, throught issuance of
    General Recommendations and decision under CEDAW's Optional Protocol.

    - In cases where ratifying nations committed violations of the provisions, the CEDAW
    Committee may initiate an inquiry procedure if it has received reliable information of grave
    or systemic violations of rights established in the Convention.
    2. Beijing Platform for Action of the Fourth World
    Conference on Women 1995

    • Participated in by 189 governments and more than 5,000


    representatives from 2,100 NGO's
    • Aimed to advance the goals of equality, development and peace for
    all women everywhere in the interest of humanity
    • Upholds CEDAW.
    Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) - otherwise known
    as the "Global Goals are a universal call to action to end
    poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy
    peace and prosperity."
    There are 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
    GOAL 5 TARGETS

    - End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhere
    - Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private,
    including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation.
    - Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female
    genitall mutilation.
    - Recognize and value unpaid care and domestic work through the provision of public
    services, infrastructure and social protection policies and the promotion of shared
    responsibility within the household and the family as nationally appropriate.
    - Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for
    leadership at all levels of decision making political, economic and public life.
    - Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and
    reproductive rights as agreed in accordance with the Programme of
    Action of the International - Conference on Population and Development
    and the Beijing Platform for Action and the outcome documents of their
    review conferences.
    - Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to economic resources, as
    well as access to ownership and control over land and other forms of
    property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources, in
    accordance with national laws.
    - Enhance the use of enabling technology, in particular information and
    communications technology, to promote the empowerment of women.
    - Facts and figures
    • About two thirds of countries in the developing regions have achieved gender parity
    in primary education.
    • In Southern Asia, only 74 girls were enrolled in primary school for every 100 boys
    in 1990. By 2012, the enrollment ratios were the same for girls as for boys.
    • In sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania and Western Asia, girls still face barriers to
    entering both primary and secondary school.
    • Women in Northern Africa hold less than one in five paid jobs in the non-
    agricultural sector. The proportion of women in paid employment outside the
    agriculture sector has increased from 35 percent in 1990 to 41 percent in 2015.
    • In 46 countries, women now hold more than 30 percent of seats in national
    parliament in at least one chamber.
    QUIZ TIME!
    1. It is the rights that one is entitled to by virtue of
    being human, are inalienable.
    2. What is UDHR?
    3. This means that human rights must be afforded
    to everyone without exemption.
    4. It means that government must be open about all
    information and decision-making process related to
    rights.
    5. What is in Article 4?
    6. It is an unfair treatment of a person or group for any reason
    such as being gurl or boy belonging to a particular race or
    religion or having different abilities and so on.
    7. Human Rights must be guaranteed without discrimination of
    any kind.
    8. Otherwise known as the "Global Goals are a universal call to
    action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all
    people enjoy peace and prosperity.
    9. How many goals are in sustainable development?
    10. It is the convention that is often referred to - as the
    international bill of rights for women.
    ANSWERS:

    1. Human Rights
    2. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
    3. Universality
    4. Transparency
    5. Freedom from slavery
    6. Discrimination
    7. Non-Discrimination
    8. Sustainable Development Goals
    9. 17
    10. CEDAW
    THANK YOU!
    HOPING THAT YOU’VE LEARN SOMETHING.

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