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    Catalyst

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    Lovely Flores
    A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering its activation energy, allowing it to occur more easily. It does this by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower energy requirements but remains unchanged after the reaction. There are three main types of catalysis: homogeneous where the catalyst and reactants are in the same phase, heterogeneous where they are in different phases, and enzymatic where catalytic proteins called enzymes are used.

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    Catalyst

    Uploaded by

    Lovely Flores
    15 views13 pages
    A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering its activation energy, allowing it to occur more easily. It does this by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower energy requirements but remains unchanged after the reaction. There are three main types of catalysis: homogeneous where the catalyst and reactants are in the same phase, heterogeneous where they are in different phases, and enzymatic where catalytic proteins called enzymes are used.

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    A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering its activation energy, allowing it to occur more easily. It does this by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower energy requirements but remains unchanged after the reaction. There are three main types of catalysis: homogeneous where the catalyst and reactants are in the same phase, heterogeneous where they are in different phases, and enzymatic where catalytic proteins called enzymes are used.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    15 views13 pages

    Catalyst

    Uploaded by

    Lovely Flores
    A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering its activation energy, allowing it to occur more easily. It does this by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower energy requirements but remains unchanged after the reaction. There are three main types of catalysis: homogeneous where the catalyst and reactants are in the same phase, heterogeneous where they are in different phases, and enzymatic where catalytic proteins called enzymes are used.

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    CATALYST

    •A catalyst is a substance which speeds up


    a reaction, but is chemically unchanged at
    its end, When the reaction has finished,
    the mass of catalyst is the same as at the
    beginning.
    CATALYSIS
    •The increase in the rate of
    a chemical reaction by
    lowering its activation
    energy.
    • Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: a probability
    distribution used for describing the speeds of
    various particles within a stationary container at
    a specific temperature. The distribution is often
    represented with a graph, with the y-axis defined
    as the number of molecules and the x-axis
    defined as the speed.
    The Effect of a Catalyst on Rate of Reaction
    • This part explains how adding a catalyst affects the rate of
    reaction. It assumes familiarity with basic concepts in the
    collision theory of reaction rates, and with the Maxwell-
    Boltzmann distribution of molecular energies in a gas.
    REACTION CATALYST
    Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide Manganese (IV) oxide, MnO2
    Nitration of benzene Concentrated sulfuric acid
    Manufacture of ammonia by the Haber Process Iron
    Conversion of SO2 into SO3 during the Contact vanadium(V) oxide, V2O5
    Process to make sulfuric acid
    Hydrogenation of a C=C double bond nickel
    To increase the rate of a reaction, the
    number of successful collisions must be
    increased. One possible way of doing this is
    to provide an alternative way for the
    reaction to happen which has a lower
    activation energy. In other words, to move
    the activation energy to the left on the
    graph:
    Adding a catalyst has this effect on activation energy. A catalyst
    provides an alternative route for the reaction with a lower activation
    energy. This is illustrated on the following energy profile:
    TYPES OF CATALYSIS
    HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS
    The catalyst and reactants are in the same
    phase usually liquid.
    HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
    Catalyst and reactants are in different phases
    ENZYMATIC CATALYSIS
    Catalyst is an enzyme (macromolecules made of
    amino acids.)
    Homogeneous Catalysis
    • When the reactants and the catalyst are in the
    same phase (i.e, liquid or gas), process is said to
    be homogeneous catalysis.
    HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
    The catalytic process in which the reactants and the catalyst
    are in different phases is known as heterogeneous catalysis
    ENZYMATIC CATALYSIS
    Numerous reactions that occur in the bodies of animals and
    plants to maintain the life process are catalysed by enzymes.
    The enzymes are, thus, termed as biochemical catalysts and
    the phenomenon is known as biochemical catalysis.
    LET'S DETERMINE WHETHER IT IS HETERO OR HOMO CATALYSIS

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