2A Properties of Matter STANDARD PowerPoint

Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 19

In chemistry, properties

(characteristics) of matter are used


to distinguish between substances,
and identify unknown substances.
Physical Properties: characteristics of
matter that can be observed or measured
without changing the identity of the
substance.
The boiling point of
water is 100°C, no
matter how much
water there is.
Physical Properties are either:
Extensive properties depend on the
amount of matter that is present.
Examples: mass and volume
Intensive properties do not depend on
the amount of matter present.
Examples: density, boiling point,
color, malleability, ductility
SI V E
IN TEN
S IV E
EX TEN
One of these is
not like the VE
EN SI
INT
others!
I V E
IN TENS
SI V E
IN TEN E
I V
IN TENS
Chemical Properties: a substance’s ability
to undergo changes that result in a
different substance with different
properties.
Heating mercury
results in
mercury(II) oxide.

oxidizes upon
heating
Change of
State is a
physical
change!
melting ice
digesting an apple
reactivity with water
dissolving salt in water
density
fermenting
boiling point
flammability
malleability
Density: a ratio of mass to volume of a
substance. Since all matter has mass and
volume, density is a unique physical
property of a substance.
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔
𝑫𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 =
𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆
 Density does not depend on the
amount of substance present.
 Density can be used as one property
to identify unknown substances.
But, what does density actually mean?
These two samples represent
two different substances.
The densities of each substance will be the
same no matter how much of a sample
there is—2.0 kg or 2000.0 kg.
Density measures how closely packed the
particles are. And each substance is unique.

Copyright © 2019 Chemistry Corner


Units:
𝒎
𝑫= g/cm3: most often used for solids
𝑽 g/mL: most often used for fluids—
liquids and gases

A sample of copper has a mass of 49.3 g and is measured


to be 5.50 cm3. Calculate the density of copper.
𝒎
𝑫=
𝑽
𝟒𝟗 . 𝟑 𝒈
𝑫= 𝟑
𝟓 .𝟓𝟎 𝒄𝒎
𝒎
𝑫= The basic formula actually
𝑽 gives us three formulas in all.
First, let’s get V out of the
𝑫𝑽 =𝒎 denominator (bottom) by
multiplying both sides by V.

𝒎= 𝑫𝑽 Turn it around to show the


unknown.
𝒎
𝑽= Now, divide both sides by D.
𝑫
The density of silver is 10.5 g/cm3. What is the mass of
a sample of silver that is 14.5 cm3?

𝒎= 𝟏𝟎 .𝟓 𝒈/ 𝒄𝒎 𝟏𝟒 .𝟓 𝒄𝒎 )
( ) (
𝟑 𝟑

𝒎=𝟏𝟓𝟐 𝒈
What volume will 35.2 g carbon tetrachloride occupy if
it’s density is 1.60 g/mL? 𝑽 = 𝒎
𝑫
𝟑𝟓. 𝟐 𝒈
𝑽=
𝟏 .𝟔𝟎 𝒈/𝒎𝑳
𝑽 =𝟐𝟐.𝟎𝒎𝑳
Calculating volume first:
What is the density of a piece of metal that measures
25.0 cm x 14.3 cm x 1.80 cm and has a mass of
1738.80 g?

𝒎
𝑫=
𝑽
𝑫=
(
𝟏𝟕𝟑𝟖 . 𝟖𝟎 𝒈
𝟔𝟒𝟒 𝒄𝒎𝟑 )
The text in this PowerPoint is editable.

Use this slide if you want to add a slide. (To keep the same
background) Just add your content, and drag to the
position for your new slide.
Should you want more than one new slide, just right click
on the slide and click duplicate slide. You can duplicate it as
many times as you like.

If everything is good as it is—delete this slide, or delete


this slide when you are finished editing.

You might also like