Nature Input Preparation

Joey F.Alvior
Agriculturist-II
CONCOCTIO
KOREAN FARMING SYSTEM

NS
CONCOCTIONS
 Replacement of chemical based fertilizers, pesticides,
fungicides, repellants chemical based growth enhancers and
other synthetic food ingredients for animals and plants
 Done through fermentation where the potency is enhanced
by the beneficial micro-organisms
INDIGENOUS
MICROORGANISMS - IMO
Materials:
 1kg. cooked rice
 2kgs molasses
INDIGENOUS
MICROORGANISMS - IMO
Procedure:
1. Wash the rice properly
2. Cook it normally (not too wet
or too dry)
3. Transfer the ¼ full cooked rice
into the bamboo pole
4. Cover it with 2 layered manila
paper and cellophane then tie with
rubber bands and put markings
5. Keep it under the bamboo forest
INDIGENOUS
MICROORGANISMS - IMO
Procedure:
6. After 3 - 5 days, collect the white
colored molds (black molds discard)
7. Weigh the collected rice and molds
then add molasses in equal weight. (1:1)
8. Put in a plastic container and wipe
the mouth of the pail, cover it with 2
layered manila paper and put markings.
Ferment for 1 week
9. Drain the liquid and place in another
container. Loosen the cap for 1 week
10. IMO is ready to use after
fermentation
INDIGENOUS
MICROORGANISMS - IMO
USAGE
 Plants – stronger immune systems
 Animals - stronger immune systems. Removes
foul odor. mix with drinking water

DOSAGE
 2tbsp./L of water
 spray or drench 2x a week

Total fermentation days: 12 days

LACTIC ACID BACTERIA SERUM – LABS (FORMULATION 1)
(LAB ENZYMES)

Materials:
1. 100g powdered rice
2. 1L milk
3. Water 1L+10L
4. 1L Molasses+1.5L
5. 1 bottle of beer
LACTIC ACID BACTERIA SERUM (LABS)

Procedure:
1. Ferment 100g of ground rice to 1L
of water for 1 week (or you can
use 1L of Rice wash) in a pail
2. After 1 week, add 1L of Milk
3. After 1 week, add 1L of Molasses
 LACTIC ACID BACTERIA SERUM – LABS
(LAB ENZYMES)

Procedure:
4. After 1 week, add 10L of water,
1.5L of Molasses and 1 bottle
of beer
5. Ferment for another week before
it is ready for use
LACTIC ACID BACTERIA SERUM – LABS
(LAB ENZYMES)

USAGE
 Plants – immune system of plants.
 Animals – improve immune system of animals. Remove
foul odor. mix with feeds, drinking water

DOSAGE
 2tbsp./L of water
 spray or drench 2x a week
 Total fermentation days: 28 days
LACTIC ACID BACTERIA SERUM – LABS (FORMULATION 2)
(LAB ENZYMES)

Materials:
1. 900ML Milk
2. 100ml clear liquid
from fermented rice
3. 1L Molasses
LACTIC ACID BACTERIA SERUM – LABS
(LAB ENZYMES)

Procedure:
1. Use the first rice wash
from the cooked rice
2. Put liquid inside the plastic
container (3/4 full)
3. Cover the container with 2
layer manila paper
4. Put markings

5. Ferment for 7 days

LACTIC ACID BACTERIA SERUM – LABS
(LAB ENZYMES)

Procedure:
6. Remove 100ml from milk
7. Take 100ml from the liquid between the
bottom and top layers of the fermentation
and add to the 1 liter milk pack
8. Return the cover of the pack and seal with
masking tape
9. Put markings
10. Ferment for 5 days
11. Filter and measure the collected liquid
and add equivalent amount of molasses
12. Keep in a plastic container. Ready to use
LACTIC ACID BACTERIA SERUM – LABS
(LAB ENZYMES)

USAGE
 Plants – immune system of plants.
 Animals – improve immune system of animals. Remove
foul odor. mix with feeds, drinking water

DOSAGE
 2tbsp./L of water
 spray or drench 2x a week
 Total fermentation days: 28 days
FERMENTED FRUIT JUICE (FFJ)

Materials – (1:1)
 1 kg Banana fruit;
 1 kg Papaya;

 1 kg Squash/pumpkin/watermelon
 3 kg molasses
FERMENTED FRUIT JUICE – FFJ

Procedure:
1. Clean and wash fruits;
2. Drain for 5 min;
3. Slice to an inch size;
4. Mix all fruits & molasses thoroughly in a plastic
pail (20 liter capacity)
FERMENTED FRUIT JUICE –FFJ

Procedure:
5. Put nylon screen on top of the mixture;
6. Put 5-8 pieces 25-50 grams stone on top of the nylon screen;
7. Wipe the mouth of the plastic pail
8. Cover with manila paper and add label.
ferment for 7 days;
9. Extract the liquid and keep it in a plastic container
FERMENTED FRUIT JUICE – FFJ

USAGE
 Plants – Potassium fertilizer
 Animals – Taste enhancer. mix with drinking
water

DOSAGE
 2tbsp./L of water
 spray or drench 2x a week
 Total fermentation days: 14 days
FERMENTED PLANT JUICE (FPJ)

Materials - (1:2)
 1 kg Kangkong

 1 kg Kamote tops/leguminous plants

 1 kg Banana stalks

 1.5 kg molasses
FERMENTED PLANT JUICE – FPJ
Procedure:
1. Clean and wash plants;
2. Drain for 5 min;
3. Slice to an inch size;
4. Mix all plants and molasses thoroughly in a
plastic pail (20 liter capacity)
FERMENTED PLANT JUICE – FPJ
Procedure:
5. Put nylon screen on top of the mixture;
6. Put 5-8 pieces 25-50 grams stone on top of the nylon
screen;
7. Wipe the mouth of the plastic pail
8. Cover with manila paper and add label.
ferment for 7 days;
9. Extract the liquid and keep it in a plastic container
FERMENTED PLANT JUICE – FPJ

USAGE
 Plants – Natural growth enhancer. Nitrogen fertilizer.
 Animals - Natural growth enhancer . mix with drinking
water

DOSAGE
 2tbsp./liter of water
 spray or drench 1 to 2 times a week
 Total fermentation days: 14 days
FISH AMINO ACID (FAA)

Materials – (1:1)
 1 kg fresh fish, fish scraps, gills, innerts
 1 kg molasses
FISH AMINO ACID – FAA
Procedure:
1. Clean and wash fish;
2. Drain for 5 min;
3. Slice to an inch size;
4. Mix all parts thoroughly in plastic pail (20 liter capacity)
6. cover with manila paper and tie with rubber band
FISH AMINO ACID – FAA
(PROTEIN SUPPLEMENT)

Procedure:
5. Put plastic/nylon screen on top of the
mixture;
6. Put 5-8 pieces 25-50 grams stone on top of
the nylon screen;
7. Wipe the mouth of the plastic pail;
8. Cover with manila paper and add label.
ferment for 7 days;
9. Extract the liquid and keep it in a plastic
container
FISH AMINO ACID – FAA

USAGE
 Plants – Nitrogen fertilizer.
 Animals – Protein supplement . mix with drinking
water

DOSAGE
 2tbsp./L of water
 spray or drench 2x a week
 Total fermentation days: 22 days
ORIENTAL HERB NUTRIENT- OHN1 & 2

Materials :
OHN 1
 1kg garlic
 1kg ginger
 400 g muscovado sugar
 2.4 L of coco vinegar

OHN2
 200 g chili
 100 g makabuhay
ORIENTAL HERB NURIENT-
OHN1 & 2

Procedure : (OHN1)
1. Peel the garlic and ginger
2. Cut the garlic into halves and slice the ginger into
quarter of an inch
3. Mix garlic and ginger with muscovado
sugar/molasses in a pail
4. Wipe the mouth of pail and seal the it tightly. Put
markings or label when it was made to know if it is
ready to extract.
Procedure: (OHN1)
5. After 3 days, mix the vinegar and wipe the mouth of the
pail and seal it tightly.
6. Ferment for 10 days. (1st extraction)
7. Filter the liquid in a plastic container, seal and put
markings.
8. Ready to use for animals

Procedure: (OHN2)
9. Put 2.4L of vinegar, 200g chili and 100g makabuhay
10. Ferment for 10 days (2nd extraction)
11. Filter the liquid in a plastic container, seal and put
markings.
12. Put 2.4L of vinegar, 200g chili and 100g makabuhay for
(3rd extraction.)
13. Filter the liquid in a plastic container, seal and put
markings.
ORIENTAL HERB NUTRIENT-
OHN1 & 2

USAGE
Plants – Pest repellant.
Animals – Immune booster. mix with drinking
water and feeds

DOSAGE
2tbsp./L of water
spray or drench 3x a week
Total fermentation days: 13 days (OHN1) 23
days (OHN2)
CALCIUM PHOSPHATE
(CALPHOS)

Materials – (1:9)
 1kgs. Bones (ruminants)/ shells
(chicken, ducks, ostrich, sea shells)
 9L of coco vinegar
CALCIUM PHOSPHATE

Procedure:
1. Clean and wash bones/shell properly
then grill it
2. Wait until the remaining fats are drained
3. Remove the bones/shell when it becomes
brownish in color (not over cooked)
4. Cool down and wash again
5. Drain excess water
CALCIUM PHOSPHATE

Procedure:
6. Put the bones/shell inside plastic pail
7. Add 9 liters of coco vinegar
8. Wipe the mouth of the pail then cover it with manila paper
and tie with rubber bands
9.Ferment for 30 days
10. Filter and put it in another plastic container. Loosen cap for
1 week
11. Ready to use
CALCIUM PHOSPHATE

USAGE
 Plants – Calcium and phosphorous source
 Animals – Calcium source for bones. mix with drinking
water

DOSAGE
 2tbsp./L of water
 spray or drench 2x a week
 Total fermentation days: 37 days
VERMI TEA

Materials:
 3kg Vermicast
 2kg Molasses
 250ml each IMO,LABS, FAA, FPJ, FFJ
 60L drum
 50L water
 1 aerator
VERMI TEA

Procedure:
1. Aerate the water for 30minutes
2. Add the concoctions and vermicast
3. Aerate for 24 hours
4. Ready to use
USAGE
 Plants – Complete foliar fertilizer

DOSAGE
 1:1 with water
 spray or drench 2x a week
FERTILIZERS
 Bokashi

• Mainly used for agriculture as organic fertilizer

• Easily produced on a large scale compared to the
anaerobic type
Materials
Materials for aerobic Bokashi

As main materials(more than 50% by volume):

 Rice bran (darak),
Rice husk(ipa),
Chopped rice straw(dayami)
Shredded Corn Stalks
Shredded Sugar cane Stalks
Sawdust

*Other materials with high carbon content

Materials
Materials for aerobic Bokashi

Can be mixed with:

Soybean meal,
Copra meal,
Bean husk,
Fish meal,
Bone meal,
Duckweed /Azolla,
Leaves of Ipil-ipil or Kakawate,
Animal manure(except dog & cats)
*Other materials with high nitrogen content
Materials
Materials for Aerobic Bokashi

-IMO and Molasses

1-5 % to the water volume

-Clean water
About 30-40% of Materials by weight
(30L-40L for 100kg materials)
Our Favorite Mix for Aerobic Bokashi
20 kg D3(Gaspang)
20 kg CRH(Carbonized Rice Hull)
10 kg dried rabbit or chicken manure
400 ml IMO
400 ml molasses
20 liters water

CRH RICE
BRAN

ANIMAL DUNG
Step 1: Dilute IMO and Molasses in water

E M AS
IMO Molasses
200 ml 200 ml

Water
40 liters
Step 2-Mix all the solid ingredients and
diluted EMAS solution

CRH
RICE
BRAN

ANIMAL DUNG
STEP 3: CHECK FOR 30-40% MOISTURE
CONTENT
STEP 4: COVER THE BOKASHI WITH
GUNNY BAGS/PLASTIC COVER
Step 5: Ferment for 1 week in a covered
area without rain and direct sunlight
Management during fermentation

Turn over the mixture if its

temperature exceeds 50oC
 1 week

AEROBIC BOKASHI IS READY FOR USE WHEN

- IT HAS A SWEET-SOUR FERMENTED SMELL.
- ITS TEMPERATURE IS STABLE.
 Storage of Aerobic Bokashi

1. Dry without direct sunlight

2. Pack

Aerobic EM Bokashi can be kept for 6 months

under good storage condition
 Usage of Aerobic Bokashi

•Soil fertilizer
• Composting agent
• Treatment of kitchen garbage
• Key ingredient for mud balls for the treatment of
pond, lakes, rivers, sewage systems
• Treatment of manures
FORTIFIED COMPOST FERTILIZER
Materials:
1. 100kg shredded farm wastes
( dried leaves, rice straw, vegetable
trimmings, twigs, etc.)
2. 30L IMO solution (1L IMO: 29L
water)
3. 100kg Soil
4. 15L FAA solution (500ml
FAA:14.5L water)
5. 100kg decomposed animal manure
6. 15L FAA/Calphos/FFJ solution
(300ml FAA/100ml CalP/100ml F
FJ:14.5L of water) x2
FORTIFIED COMPOST FERTILIZER

Procedure:
1. Pile 100kg of shredded
farm wastes and water with
30L IMO solution
2. Wait for 3 days
3. Add 100kg soil into the
pile and water with 15L FAA
solution
4. Wait for 3 days
FORTIFIED COMPOST FERTILIZER
Procedure:
5. Add 100kg of decomposed animal manure and
water with 15L FAA, CalPhos ,FFJ solution
6. Wait for 3 days
7. Repeat step 5 everyday for 12 days
8. If it is not hot anymore or the temperature
lowered down, it is ready to use

 Total weight: approximately 300kg

 Total days of preparation: 21 days
 MC: 30-40%
FORTIFIED ORGANIC FERTILIZER
Materials:
1. 100kg D2 rice bran
2. 30L IMO solution (1L IMO:29L water)
3. 200kg decomposed animal manure
4. 30L FAA solution (1L FAA:29L of water) x2
5. 100kg Soil
6. 30L FAA/FFJ/CalPhos solution ( 200ml FAA/200ml FFJ/
100ml CalPhos: 29.5L water)
7. 15L FAA/FFJ solution (250ml FAA/250ml FFJ:14.5L water)
x5
8. 100kg CRH
9. 100kg vermicast
10. 30L IMO/FAA solution (500ml IMO/500ml FAA:29L
water)
FORTIFIED ORGANIC FERTILIZER
Procedure:
1. Pile 100kg of D2 and water with 30L IMO
solution
2. Wait for 3 days
3. Add 200kg decomposed animal manure and
water with 30L FAA solution
4. Wait for 3 days
5. Add 100kg of soil and water 30L FAA/FFJ/CalP
solution
6. Wait for 3 days
7. Water with 15L FAA/FFJ solution for 5 days
FORTIFIED ORGANIC FERTILIZER

Procedure:
8. Add 100kg of CRH water with 30L FAA solution
9. Pile 100kg of D2 and water with 30L IMO solution
10. Wait for 3 days
11. Add 100kg vermicast water with 30L IMO/FAA
solution
12. Wait for 3 days
13. Ready to use

 MC: 30-40%
 Total weight: approximately 600kg
 Total days of Preparation: 20 days
 MUD BALL

Mud balls can be used for waste water

treatment especially for sludge treatment.
STEPS IN MAKING MUD BALLS
Ingredients
Soil 5 kilo
Bokashi 1 kilo
IMO (1 liter-just enough to stick the ingredients together
and form a ball )
STEPS IN MAKING MUD BALLS

1.Mix Bokashi and soil.

2.Pour the IMO onto the

mixture and mix well.
STEPS IN MAKING MUD BALLS

3.Once the mixture has become

muddy and thick, form it into
tennis ball size balls.

4.Place the balls out of rain and

direct sunlight for 5-7 days.
STEPS IN MAKING MUD BALLS

5.The balls are ready when

they are covered with
layer of white fungus.
MUDBALLS AFTER 7-DAYS
FERMENTATION
COVERED WITH
WHITE MOLDS
 HOW TO APPLY MUDBALL

Use 1 Mud Ball per 1 square meter of

surface area. 1ball/ m2

Treat once per month until results are

seen. Once/month
CARBONIZED RICE HULL
(CRH)
CARBONIZED RICE HULL

 Carbonized rice hull (CRH) is made from

incomplete or partial burning of rice hull.
 It is porous and bulky with uniform intact black
particles.
 It contains phosphorous (P), potassium (K), calcium
(Ca), magnesium (Mg), and micronutrients vital to
growing crops.
 Because it is also sterilized, it is free from disease
organisms.
USES OF CRH

1. As substrate to organic fertilizer

 When mixed with other organic materials like bokashi,

CRH can be a good source of organic fertilizer (OF)

USES OF CRH

2.As soil conditioner

 Makes the clay soil porous

 Replenish nutrients and other microelements in the

soil that were lost due to continuous cropping.

 Improves soil structure by increasing bulk density,

water holding capacity, and aeration.

 It is a good potting media when mixed with other

materials
USES OF CRH

3.As water purifier

 Activated carbon from CRH filters the dirty particles in

water, making it effective in purifying household/drinking
water.
USES OF CRH

4. As base material for making microbial

inoculants, Effective Micro
Organisms(EM)

 Naturally, CRH is a habitat for

beneficial micro organisms that
facilitate composting.
USES OF CRH

5. As Pest Control Agent

 Contains silica that irritates the golden

kuhol.

 When applied after leveling, snails are

forced to come out, making handpicking
faster and easier.
USES OF CRH

6.As charcoal for fuel

 Charcoal briquettes from CRH are good alternative sources

of fuel. Compared with plain rice hull that takes relatively
more time to produce heat, CRH can easily be ignited to
produce heat or convert heat into fuel for cooking
USES OF CRH

7.As deodorizer / odor suppressant

 CRH also cleanses and deodorizes bad air smell through its
activated carbon that absorbs foul odors in the air. The same
principle applies when a charcoal is placed inside a
refrigerator.

 CRH is used as mulch bed in animal pen and poultry houses

to reduce foul smell from urine and manure
MAKING OF CARBONIZED RICE HULL
(ANG PAGGAWA NG CARBONIZED
RICE HULL)
DRY RICE HULL CARBONIZER SHOVEL

LIGHTER OR WATERING PALE

FIRE WOOD
MATCH STICKS
STEP 1

Start a fire using the

lighter and firewood and
let it kindle
STEP 2

1 Make sure that the fire

won’t die out before
covering it with the
Carbonizer

2
STEP 3

1
Pour and stack the dried
rice hull around the
carbonizer.

2
STEP 4

1 When the rice hull at the

top are carbonized, use the
shovel to cover it with the
dried rice hull from the
bottom

2
STEP 5
When the rice hull is
almost carbonized
(80%). Remove the
carbonizer by tipping
it over to the side
1 using the long shovel.
Extra caution is
exercised for the
carbonizer is
extremely hot

2
STEP 6

Mix the rice hull and

let the remaining
embers to carbonize
the rest of the mixture
until all of it (100%)
are carbonized
STEP 7

When all of the rice

hull are carbonized,
sprinkle water onto
the CRH using the
watering pale to
extinguish the
remaining embers
STEP 8
Lay the CRH thinly and
make sure that the embers
have died out to prevent the
carbonized rice hull turn to
ash
STEP 9

When its dry, collect

and store the CRH into
sacks. After that, its
ready to be used or
sold
HOW TO FABRICATE
YOUR OWN
CARBONIZER?
FOR THE CHAMBER:
GET ANY 20 L USED OIL CAN, ABOUT 40 CM HEIGHT.

REMOVE THE TOP COVER AND MAKE A HOLE AT THE

BOTTOM OF THE CAN ABOUT9-10 CM DIAMETER FOR
THE CHIMNEY
ALTERNATIVE: MAKE USE OF DEFECTIVE PRESSURE
TANKS. CUT IN HALF TO MAKE TWO CARBONIZERS.
USE A METAL PUNCHER TO MAKE 30-40 HOLES AT 2-
CM DIAMETER ALIGNED AT 12 X 20 CM DISTANCE
ALTERNATIVE
USE WELDING ROD TO MAKE HOLES
FOR THE CHIMNEY

FROM THE JUNK SHOP, BUY

USED GI PIPE
SIZE: 5 TO 6 FEET HIGH AND
3 INCHES DIAMETER
TO MAKE IT MORE STURDY,
INSTALL METAL BRACES
 TO LASTS FOR
YEARS,
INSTALL
ADDITIONAL METAL
BRACES
AVP – CRH MAKING
VEGETABLE CULTIVATION
HOG RAISING
COMMON BREED OF PIGS
IN THE PHILIPPINES
LANDRAC CHARACTERISTICS:
E • Color : White
• Ears are floppy and
pointed downwards
• Elongated & slim
Body
• Fast growing

• Good mothering
ability
• Wean large litters
• Weak feet
COMMON BREED OF PIGS IN THE PHILIPPINES
LARGE WHITE
CHARACTERISTICS:
• Color : White
• Ears pointed upwards

• Wide Body
• Fast growing

• Good mothering
ability
• Wean large litters
• Excellent milkers

COMMON BREED OF PIGS IN THE PHILIPPINES

 DUROC
CHARACTERISTICS:
• Color : Brown
• Ears pointed upwards

• Strong body and feet

• Fast growing

• Stress resistant
• Superior growth rate
and feed conversion

COMMON BREED OF PIGS IN THE PHILIPPINES

 PIETRAIN
CHARACTERISTICS:
• Color : Black & white
spots
• Ears pointed upwards

• Rounded & firm body

• Slower growth rate
compared with
landrace and large
white
• Good meat quality
• Highly susceptible to
stress
COMMON BREED OF PIGS IN THE PHILIPPINES
FACTS ABOUT
HOGS
 A 1-yr old boar can mate with 50 female pigs;
 Pigs are smarter that primates and 3-yr old human;
 Pigs are considered the cleanest animal. Toilet is far
away from their food. They don’t sleep on their
poops.
 They use mud to block their skin from sunlight and
insect bites;
 Generally lives for 10-15 yrs
 Pigs are independent animals
 Daily average growth rate is > 500g
 Takes 12 liters of water to digest 1 kg of feeds
 Exercise is extremely important to increase
metabolism and stamina
THE DESIGN OF PIGPEN
PIG PEN
 Convection roof – the key
to “no bath” technology
 Provides continuous air
flow. Hot air will escape at
the roof.
 Maintain 2 sqm. area per
head to attain desired size
and weight.
THE KEY TO ‘NO BATH’ TECHNOLOGY
THE BEDDINGS OF PIGPEN (FLOORING)
BEDDING OF THE PIG PEN
No Stress, No Mortality

Piglets on siesta time

 MATERIALS FOR BEDDING

1. Any or combination of the ff:

• Sawdust “Kusot”
• Coco Coir Dust “Bunot”
• Rice Hull “Ipa”
• Rice Straw “Dayami”
2. Soil
3. Carbonized Rice Hull (CRH)
4. Salt (seasalt/rocksalt)
5. IMO
6. Molasses
PROCEDURE FOR MAKING THE BEDDING
Step 1:
Dig up 1 meter deep hole
Note : Allow 2 sqm. area
per pig
1meter
Step 2: Sterilize

BEDDING PREPARATION
Step 3:
Mix several batches of :
8 sacks sawdust, or
rice hull, or
coco coir dust
1 sack soil
1 sack crh
.5 kg sea salt

BEDDING PREPARATION
Step 4:

Layer the mixture inside

the hole

1meter

Mixture of sawdust/rice hull/coir dust, soil

and carbonized rice hull (crh)

BEDDING PREPARATION
Step 5:
Batch 6
Repeat the process until
the entire hole is filled Batch 5
up
Batch 4
1meter

Batch 3

Batch 2
Mixture of sawdust/rice hull/coir dust, soil
and carbonized rice hull (crh)

BEDDING PREPARATION
Step 6:

Mix IMO and Molasses

with water:
20ml per liter of water

Then,

Drench/spray the
beddings:
1 liter per sqm of
beddings

BEDDING PREPARATION
Step 7:
Deploy the pigs/piglets

NOTE:

CRH harbors good microbes

for long term stability, health
and odor control

Salt provide trace minerals;

Soil provide biodiversity of

micro organisms and will be
eaten by the animals
GOOD STOCK QUALITIES (PIGLET
SELECTION)

 Rounded body
 Alert and lively
 No abnormalities or
deformities
 Bright eyes
 Do not scours or
have any disease
 No rancid smell
 Short and shiny hairs
BILUGANG PANGANGATAWAN
MASIGLA AT ALERTO
WALANG ABNORMALIDAD (DEFORMITIES)
MALIWANAG ANG MGA MATA
HINDI NAGTATAE
MAKINTAB AT MAIGSI ANG BALAHIBO
GOOD BREEDER STOCK: SOWS/GILTS
 Young female swine should have a minimum of 6 pairs of well-
developed and properly spaced function teats.
 Teats that are inverted do not secrete milk.
 Long-bodied sows are desirable because of the more space created for
udder development.
 Well-developed ham, loin and shoulder.
 Well-placed feet and legs. Medium short feet and short upright
pasterns are preferable.
 Select the biggest among the litters.
GOOD BREEDER STOCK: SOWS/GILTS
 Having a litter of 8 or more good-sized piglets
with high survivability is a good female
breeder.
 No deformities
 Most Vigourous
 Well-developed ham, loin and shoulder.
 Well-placed feet and legs. Medium short feet
and short upright pasterns are preferable.
 Select the biggest among the litters
 Well-developed vulva
 Vulva slightly pointed downward
GOOD BREEDER STOCK: BOARS
 No deformities
 Most Vigourous
 Well-developed primary sex organs
 Equal-sized testicles.
 well-developed ham, loin and shoulder.
 Biggest among other boars
 HOW TO DETERMINE IF A BREEDER SOW/GILT IS IN HEAT OR
FERTILE
 Pre-heat
 Consumes less feeds
 Excited when teaser boar is around
 Pointed ears
 Mounting other pigs in the pen
 Swelling of the vulva
 Vulva is pinkish
 Clear Mucus Discharge (like water)
 Noisy
 When mounted, it resists
 Too early for Insemination/mating
HOW TO DETERMINE IF A BREEDER SOW/GILT IS IN HEAT OR
FERTILE
 Standing-Heat
 Pointed ears
 Vulva is not too swollen
 Vulva is light pink
 Thick Mucus Discharge (sticky)
 Noisy
 When mounted, it doesn’t resist
 Right time for Insemination/mating
HOW TO DETERMINE IF A BREEDER SOW/GILT IS IN HEAT OR
FERTILE
 Post-heat
 Vulva is not swollen
 Vulva is back to normal color
 Thick Mucus Discharge (sticky)
 When mounted, it resists
 Too late for Insemination/mating.
But can still be impregnated
BASICS OF PIG BREEDING
• A pig would reach maturity around 5-8 months of
age;
• When it reaches it’s 2nd - 3rd heat or at 110-120 kgs
she could then be bred;
• Heat cycle of pigs is 18-21 days
• The pregnancy would last 114 days;
• The sow would farrow (manganganak) 2 times a year
• On average, a sow would give birth to 10 piglets;
FEED NUTRIENTS AND
PERCENTAGES
FEED NUTRIENTS AND PERCENTAGES
 C-Carbohydrates
 P-Protein
 L-Lipids
 V- Vitamins
 M- MInerals
Feed Protein Lipids Carbs Vit % Min %
Type % % %
Starter 35 8 50 2 5
Grower 25 8 60 2 5
Finishe 18 15 60 2 5
r
FEED FORMULATION
INGREDIENTS IN FEED MIXING

 Carbohydrates “Carbs”
-Source of energy that serves as a fuel

CORN BRAN
RICE BRAN
INGREDIENTS IN FEED MIXING

 Lipids
-concentrated source of energy
-Dissolves Vit A, D, K, E

COPRA MEAL OR COPRA MEAT

San ba nagmumula ang Copra Meal?
 INGREDIENTS IN FEED MIXING
 Protein
SOYA MEAL

-Responsible for increasing growth and weight

-Lack of protein may result in stunted
growth of the animal
FISH MEAL

DUCK WEED
INGREDIENTS IN FEED MIXING

 Minerals
-Vital in
animals health
and bones CRH
(skeletal
system)

LIMESTON ROCK
E (APOG) SALT
INGREDIENTS IN FEED MIXING
 Vitamins

 Maintains
health and
improve the
immune
system of
animals
 Required in
small FAA, FFJ
quantities
FEED COMPUTATION AND FORMULATION
STARTER FEED COMPUTATION
100KGS
Feed Type Protein % Lipids % Carbs % Vit % Min %

Starter 35 8 50 2 5

Nutrient % Ingredient Kgs

Carbohydrates 50 Rice/corn bran 50kgs

Protein 35 Soya/Fish meal 35kgs
Fats 8 Copra 8kgs
meal/meat
Vitamins 2 FAA/FFJ/FPJ 2L
Minerals 5 Salt/CRH 5kgs
Starter feed formulation
50 kg Rice Bran or D1
grade 2 liters
(Carbohydrates) FAA/FFJ/FPJ
(Vitamins)

8 kg Copra 3 kg
meat/meal Carbonized
(Fats/Lipids) Rice Hull
(Minerals)
35 kg soya meal/fish 2kg Rock
meal/duckweed/mori Salt/Sea Salt
nga (Protein)
200 ml IMO
200 ml
Molasses
(Pro-biotic)
20 liters Water
(No Chlorine)
NUTRIENT ANALYSIS
TOTAL PROTEIN: 26%; TOTAL FIBER:20%; TOTAL
CALCIUM: 2.5%
 STARTER (UP TO 18 KG) 45-60 ARAW

 700 gramo – 1 kilo pakain araw-

araw
 50% sa umaga

 50% sa hapon

 Meryendang gulay: 1 beses

bawat araw (alas-dose ng tanghali)

GROWER FEED COMPUTATION
100KGS

Feed Type Protein % Lipids % Carbs % Vit % Min %

Grower 25 8 60 2 5

Nutrient % Ingredient Kgs

Carbohydrat 60 Rice/corn bran 60kgs

es
Protein 25 Soya/Fish meal 25kgs
Fats 8 Copra meal/meat 8kgs
Vitamins 2 FAA/FFJ/FPJ 2L
Minerals 5 Salt/CRH 5kgs
 GROWER FEED FORMULATION
60 kg Rice Bran or D1
grade 2 liters
(Carbohydrates) FAA/FFJ/FPJ
(Vitamins)
3 kg
8 kg Copra
Carbonized
meat/meal
Rice Hull
(Fats/Lipids)
(Minerals)
2kg Rock
25 kg soya meal/fish
Salt/Sea Salt
meal/duckweed/mori
nga (Protein)
200 ml IMO
200 ml
Molasses
(Pro-biotic)
20 liters Water
(No Chlorine)
NUTRIENT ANALYSIS
TOTAL PROTEIN: 22%; TOTAL FIBER:21%; TOTAL
GROWER (19KG TO 50 KG) 61-110 ARAW

 1.5 kilo – 1.8 kilo pakain araw-araw

 50% sa umaga
 50% sa hapon
 Meryendang gulay: 2 beses bawat araw (umaga at
hapon)
FINISHER FEED COMPUTATION
100KGS

Feed Type Protein % Lipids % Carbs % Vit % Min %

Finisher 18 15 60 2 5

Nutrient % Ingredient Kgs

Carbohydrat 60 Rice/corn bran 60kgs

es
Protein 18 Soya/Fish meal 18kgs
Fats 15 Copra meal/meat 15kgs
Vitamins 2 FAA/FFJ/FPJ 2L
Minerals 5 Salt/CRH 5kgs
 FINISHER FEED FORMULATION
60 kg Rice Bran or D1
grade 2 liters
(Carbohydrates) FAA/FFJ/FPJ
(Vitamins)
3 kg
15kg Copra
Carbonized
meat/meal
Rice Hull
(Fats/Lipids)
(Minerals)
2kg Rock
18 kg soya meal/fish
Salt/Sea Salt
meal/duckweed/mori
nga (Protein)
200 ml IMO
200 ml
Molasses
(Pro-biotic)
20 liters Water
(No Chlorine)
NUTRIENT ANALYSIS
TOTAL PROTEIN: 20%; TOTAL FIBER:21.5%; TOTAL
CALCIUM: 1%
FINISHER (51KG TO MARKET) 111 ARAW HANGGANG MAIBENTA

 2.5kg – 3kg pakain araw-araw

 50% sa umaga
 50% sa hapon
 Meryendang gulay: hanggang gustong kumain ng baboy!!
FERMENTATION OF HOG FEEDS
BENEFITS OF FERMENTATION
 Preservation of raw materials
 Detoxification
 Improved digestibility
 Nutritional value of raw materials goes up
 STEP 1
 Mix
IMO (400ml), molasses(200ml) and water
(20L) FAA, FFJ,FPJ 2L 400ml IMO
 NOTE: Liquid part is 20-30% total weight of solid 200 ml
ingredients(depending on water content of molasses
materials)

Water
20liters
STEP 2
 Mix all the solid ingredients
and Liquid solution. Final
moisture content is 30 to 40%
 STEP 3

 Check for Moisture Content (30-40%)

STEP 4
 Ferment anaerobic ally(no air) for 2 weeks
 STEP 5

 Fermented feeds is ready for use

after 2 weeks. It has a sweet-sour
smell
FORMS OF FEEDS
 Mash – Wet feeding
 Pellets – Dry Feeding
HOW TO PREPARE SILAGE (LIVESTOCK
KIMCHI) 5:1 RATIO

STEP 1
Chop or shred vegetables/power
plants;
STEP 2
Mix Molasses and IMO
5 parts vegetable/forage crops : 1
part molasses/brown sugar
60 ml emas
STEP 3
Ferment for 3 days (anaerobic)
KNOW YOUR FORAGE CROPS – THE POWER PLANTS!
 Protein content : 35%
to 45%
DUCKWEED
 1 kg duckweed can fill
up 1 hectare pond in
56 days
 Can double their mass
in less than 2 days
 Can be fed to livestock,
poultry and fish in
fresh form, fermented
or process into mash
 Eaten by people in
Thailand

KNOW YOUR FORAGE CROPS – THE POWER PLANTS!

 Crude Protein = 25% to 30%
 Doubles its mass in 2-3 days
 Can be fed to fish, poultry and AZOLLA
livestock in fresh or fermented
form
 Biomass = 30 to 80 kg fresh
weight per hectare
 Serves as biological herbicide in
rice field by controlling sunlight
penetration into the soil
preventing the germination of
weeds
 Cyanobacteria, (blue-green
algae), a nitrogen-fixing bacteria
lives inside the leaf cavities

KNOW YOUR FORAGE CROPS – THE POWER PLANTS!

 Crude Protein : 23%
RENSONII
 Can be fed to animals
in fresh form,
fermented or process
into mash

KNOW YOUR FORAGE CROPS – THE POWER PLANTS!

 Also known as
“Malabalatong”
FLEMINGIA
 Crude Protein : 22.7%
 Natural dewormer for
livestock
 Can be fed to animals in
fresh form, fermented or
process into mash
 Method of propagation is by
seeds

KNOW YOUR FORAGE CROPS – THE POWER PLANTS!

 Trichantera Gigantea also knows as TRICHANTERA OR
Madre de Agua MADRE DE AGUA
 Originated from Columbia and
Venezueala
 Potential harvest : 40-60 tons/hectare
 Planting density 6000-10,000
plants/hectare
 Mode of Propagation : Cuttings
 Crude Protein = 32 %
 Can be fed to animals in fresh form,
fermented or process into mash
 Can replace 20%-30% of commercial
pig’s and other livestock diet
 6 kg of leaves consumed by pigs daily is
equal to 1 kg savings on commercial feeds
 1 M PLANTING DISTANCE

KNOW YOUR FORAGE CROPS – THE POWER PLANTS!

 Crude Protein = 24.8%; INDIGOFERA
 Digestibility=84.8% (if harvested
every 30 days)
 Calcium=2.08%
 Best for lactating animals like
milking goats
 Can be fed to animals in fresh and
fermented form
 Propagation: Seeds or cuttings

KNOW YOUR FORAGE CROPS – THE POWER PLANTS!

 PAKCHONG(GIANT
 Digestibility=95% (if NAPIER GRASS)
harvested every 45
days)

 Can be fed to animals in

fresh and fermented
form;

 Crude Protein = 18%

KNOW YOUR FORAGE CROPS – THE POWER PLANTS!

 WATER HYACINTH
(WATER LILY)
 Crude Protein = 20%

Note Before Making it into

Silage:

Wash with chlorine diluted with

water solution (50 ppm) or 5ml
chlorine for every 100 liters of
water. Air dry and process into
silage the following day

KNOW YOUR FORAGE CROPS – THE POWER PLANTS!

 SILAGE MATERIALS

Greens (Vegetables/forage crops)

 Kangkong
 Alugbati
 Lettuce
 Cabbage
 Kulitis
 Cassava leaves
 Water Lily(Water hyacinth)
 Malunggay/ipil-ipil
 Pakchong (Super Napier)
ANTHELMINTIC LEAVES (NATURAL DEWORMERS OR
“PAMURGA”)

• Flemingia
• Betel nut (nga-nga)
• Papaya leaves
• Jackfruit leaves
• Mango leaves
• Kakawate leaves
• Makabuhay
MAINTENANCE
Drinking water
Mix the drinking water with IMO, LABS, FAA,
FFJ, OHN 1 and FPJ. Dilution rate is 10ml per liter
of water.
It will serve as:
Pro-biotic

Enhance the digestive and immune system

Odor control
 THE PHASE-OUT FEEDING SCHEDULE
(CONVERTING INORGANIC TO ORGANIC PIGS)
PHASE-OUT FEEDING SCHEDULE
(CONVERSION FROM COMMERCIAL TO ORGANIC)

Starter 4 week conversion period

WEEK 1 (upon WEEK 2 WEEK 3 WEEK 4
acquisition and 37-52 44 - 59 51 - 66 days old
newly weened. days old days old
30-45 days old)

CF FF CF FF CF FF CF FF SL
75% 25% 50% 50% 25% 75% 0 90% 10%

• CF = Commercial feeds
• FF = Fermented feeds
• SL = Silage
PHASE-OUT FEEDING SCHEDULE
(CONVERSION FROM COMMERCIAL TO ORGANIC)

Week 5 onwards Grower feeds

WEEK 5 58-73 days old WEEK 6 65-80 days old onwards
until WEEK 16 142-157 days old
FF SL FF SL
80% 20% 70% 30%

• FF = Fermented feeds
• SL = Silage
GROWER TO FINISHER DIET SHIFT

Finisher Feeds

WEEK 17 149 – 164 days old onwards until slaughter

FF SL

50% 50%

• FF = Fermented feeds
• SL = Silage
DIFFERENT PIGPEN DESIGN
Alegado Farm,
Feeding Trough
Improvised Opening of Feeding
Trough
Tubod, Surigao del Norte
Improvised Opening Feeding
Trough
Fattening Pen
 celfon_09177051008

Indigenous Materials
 celfon_09177051008

Hollow blocks and Indigenous

Materials
 celfon_09177051008

INDIGENOUS MATERIALS

south
north

Indigenous Materials
Commercial Piggerycelfon_09177051008
Farm
with Natural Farming Flooring
celfon_09177051008

Davao City
 celfon_09177051008

Monitor Type
 celfon_09177051008

Indigenous Materials
Ampayon Parish Chapel, Butuan City
 ATI Demo-farm
Los Angeles, Butuan City
Application of Salt during Preparation of Flooring
Stocking of Weanlings/Piglets
3 ½ months old
POULTRY
RAISING
BREEDS OF CHICKENS - NATIVE
PARAOAKAN
 From Palawan and
MIMAROPA Region
 Broiler type
 Tall and slender body
 Feisty. Often used as
game fowls
 Has tender and flavorful
meat
 Black with brown and red
feathers
 Strong immune system
DARAG
 From Panay Island and
Visayas Region
 Broiler Type
 Meat is tastier than Paraoakan
(claimed as the most delicious
chicken meat in the whole
Philippines
 Have red, black, orange
feathers
 Average size (1.5-2kg live
weight)
 Strong immune system
BANABA

 From CALABARZON
Region
 Bigger in size compared
to Paraoakan and Banaba
 Broiler type
 Strong immune system
BREEDS OF CHICKENS - FOREIGN
SASSO

 Brown to light brown

feathers
 Plump and short
bodies
 Rarely flies. Often
grounded
 Tasty and tender meat
 Broiler and Layer type
CHINESE CHICKEN (ULIKBA)

 Broiler type
 Highly expensive
(P1000/kl)
 The chinese believe that it’s
meat has medicinal
properties
 Has white feathers but meat
and bones are all black
 Short and puffy bodies
WHITE LEG HORN

 Popularly known
as the “45-day
old” chicken
 Broiler and Layer
type
RHODE ISLAND

 Layer type
 Short but big bodied
 Produces Large
sized eggs
 Mostly grey,
sometimes brown
feathers
THE INCUBATOR
 Artificial Incubation is preferred
over natural incubation;
 Uniformity of sizes of chicks;
 Many cross-breed chickens do not
brood;
 Inexpensive
 Maximizes productivity of egg-
laying hens
 Chicken egg hatches in 21 days
 Temp in the incubator ranges from
37.5-37.8 degrees Celcius
 The eggs needs to turn every 4
hours for equal distribution of heat
THE INCUBATOR
INCUBATION
 Candling – A method used in the
incubation process to determine whether
the embryo inside the egg is developing or
not. This helps breeder farms to measure
the fertility rate of their stocks
 Candling Schedule of Chicken eggs
 7th day
 12th day
 18th day
THE NACS AND THE DACS
 Naturally abled chicks;
 Differently abled chicks
QUALITIES OF A GOOD/BREEDER STOCK
 No Deformities
 Bright red comb. No discoloration and Deformation
 Dry behind
 No rancid odor
 Agile, energetic and alert
 Shiny feathers
 Dry and clean beak
 Bright Eyes
NO DEFORMITIES
BRIGHT RED COMB. NO DISCOLORATION AND DEFORMATION
DRY BEHIND
AGILE, ENERGETIC AND ALERT
SHINY FEATHERS
DRY AND CLEAN BEAK
BRIGHT EYES
 CARING OF CHICKS: DAY 1 TO 21
BROODING REQUIREMENT

 1 watt per chick for

heating bulbs
 Better to use several bulbs
in smaller wattages eg. 10
x 10 w vs. 1 x 100 w bulb
 Monitor closely for signs
of stress
 Brooding house space = 1
sq. m per 50 chicks
 CARING OF CHICKS:DAY 1 TO 21
WATER AND FEED
Recommended brooding
temperature during the first
week
Day Temp (degrees celcius)
 Waterers and feeders must be
1 34
cleaned daily.
2 34
 Replace drinking water everyday! 3 34
 Feeding is unlimited 4 32
 Feeding trays and drinking canisters 5 32
MUST NEVER BE EMPTY for the 1st 6 30
21 days! 7 30
RANGING, DAY 22 UNTIL
SLAUGHTER(80 DAYS)

 Space requirement: 3 heads :

1 sqm
 Let the chicks freely range
in open air, eating fresh
grass, insects, earthworms.
 Maintain mixing IMO,
LABS, FAA, FFJ, FPJ in
their drinking water
everyday
FREE-RANGE POULTRY
(RANGING AGE)
RANGING HOUSE

Note: Located on the highest

point to prevent flooding
inside
RANGING HOUSE
 Must be safe from predators
like rats, cats, dogs, ants, birds,
snakes
 Provide fencing buried to the
ground
 Provide light, heat and water
 Must have shaded areas
 Location should be well
drained
 Lay sand, rice hull, carbonized
rice hull or sawdust for
absorbent flooring
LOW-COST HOUSING FOR FREE RANGE
POULTRY
 Pre Starter feed formulation (1-21 Days old)

22.5 kg D1 Rice Bran

22.5 kg Corn Bran 2 liters
(Carbohydrates) FAA/FFJ/FPJ
(Vitamins)

8 kg Copra 3 kg
meat/meal Carbonized
(Fats/Lipids) Rice Hull
(Minerals)
40 kg soya meal/fish 2kg Rock
meal/duckweed/moringa Salt/Sea Salt
(Protein)
400 ml IMO
400 ml
Molasses
(Pro-biotic)
20 liters Water
(No Chlorine)
 Starter feed formulation (22-30 Days old)

25 kg D1 Rice Bran
25 kg Corn Bran 2 liters
(Carbohydrates) FAA/FFJ/FPJ
(Vitamins)

8 kg Copra 3 kg
meat/meal Carbonized
(Fats/Lipids) Rice Hull
(Minerals)
35 kg soya meal/fish 2kg Rock
meal/duckweed/moringa Salt/Sea Salt
(Protein)
400 ml IMO
400 ml
Molasses
(Pro-biotic)
20 liters Water
(No Chlorine)
 Finisher feed formulation (30-market)

30 kg D1 Rice Bran
30 kg Corn Bran 2 liters
(Carbohydrates) FAA/FFJ/FPJ
(Vitamins)

8 kg Copra 3 kg
meat/meal Carbonized
(Fats/Lipids) Rice Hull
(Minerals)
25 kg soya meal/fish 2kg Rock
meal/duckweed/moringa Salt/Sea Salt
(Protein)
400 ml IMO
400 ml
Molasses
(Pro-biotic)
20 liters Water
(No Chlorine)
HERBAL TREATMENT FOR COLDS

Note: Separate the chicks/chickens with colds

Prepare Herbal Ingredients:

½ cup Fresh Oregano Leaves
½ cup Fresh Lagundi Leaves
½ cup Fresh Bamboo Leaves
½ cup Hot Chili
2 cups water
HERBAL TREATMENT FOR COLDS
Preparation:
1. Boil the ingredients together (5 mins)
2. Cool down and extract the liquid
3. 6AM-10AM: Withdraw the supply of normal drinking water of the
chickens
4. 10AM: Mix 1 tbsp of herbal mix for every liter of water and give it to all
the chickens. Resume giving normal drinking water afterwards.
5. 2PM-4PM: Withdraw the supply of normal drinking water again
6. 4PM: Mix 1 tbsp of herbal for every liter of water and give it to all the
chickens. Resume giving normal drinking water afterwards.
7. Repeat the process for 5 days
THANK YOU!!!