Lesson FIGURATIVE

1.
continuation LANGUAGE
 Literally: words
function exactly as
defined
The car is blue.
He caught the
football.
FIGURATIVE
AND LITERAL
Figuratively: figure
LANGUAGE out what it means

I’ve got your back.

You’re a doll.
^Figures of Speech
 Comparison of two
using
things“like” or
“as.”
Examples

SIMIL
The metal twisted like
E a ribbon.

She is as sweet as
candy.
 IMPORTANT!

Using “like” or A comparison must

“as” doesn’t make be made.
a simile.
Not a Simile: I like pizza.

Simile: The moon is like a

pizza.
 Two things are compared
without using “like” or
“as.”

Examples

METAPHO All the world is a

stage.
R
Men are dogs.

She has a stone

heart.
 Giving human traits to
objects or ideas.

Examples
PERSONIFICATION
The sunlight
danced.
Water on the lake
shivers.

The streets are calling

me.
 HYPERBOLE
Exaggerating to show
strong feeling or effect.

Examples

I will love you forever.

My house is a million miles

from here.

She’d kill me.

 UNDERSTATEMENT

Expression with I’ll be there This won’t hurt

The opposite
less strength
of in a
than expected.
hyperbole. one second. bit.
 ANAPHORA
Anaphora is the repetition of a word or
phrase at the beginning of successive
clauses or sentences.

Examples:
"I have a dream that one day... I have a
dream that one day..."
"We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on
to the end. We shall fight in France..."
 ANTITHESIS
: of
The combination
two different elements to
attain equilibrium or
balance.
Example:
"Man proposes, God
disposes."
“To err is human; to forgive
divine.“
“That's one small step for man,
one giant leap for mankind."
 APOSTROPHE: • Example: "Oh, rain!
DIRECTLY
STATING OR
Rain! Where are
CALLING A you? Rain, we really
NONEXISTENT need you right now.
PERSON OR AN
INANIMATE Our town needs you
OBJECT AS badly.”
THOUGH IT WERE
A LIVING BEING.
IT COMMONLY
USES AN • Welcome, O life!
APOSTROPHE
AS A
PUNCTUATIO
N.
 • . A sentence or line
structure where the
half of the statement is
balanced against the
other half.
CHIASMU
S • Examples:
• "Let us never negotiate out of
fear, but let us never fear to
negotiate.“
• “We run things, things don’t
run we”
 EUPHEMISM:
THE USE OF SUBTLE AND NON- OFFENSIVE WORDS TO
CONCEAL OR TO REPLACE THE OFFENSIVE WORDS IN
A
STATEMENT
.

• Example:
• "We're teaching our toddler how to go potty," Bob
said.
The use of the word potty is euphemism.
• Collateral damage instead of accidental deaths.
• Put to sleep instead of euthanize.
• Pregnancy termination instead of abortion.
 Examples:
• He's not the friendliest
LITOTES: person.
AN • It wasn't a terrible trip.
UNDERSTATEMENT
IN WHICH AN • She's not unkind.
AFFIRMATIVE IS
EXPRESSED BY • They aren't unhappy
OPPOSING ITS with the presentation.
COUNTERPART.
• It's not exactly a walk in
the park.
 METONYMY: Example:
A WORD OR • The use of the word
PHRASE IS vow instead of
SUBSTITUTED
FOR ANOTHER
wedding, the pen
WITH WHICH IT stands for "the written
IS CLOSELY word.
ASSOCIATED; • He now holds the
LINKING
WORDS crown.
THAT ARE –position/thrown
RELATED TO • They live in the
THE WORD
TO BE
White House.-
REPLACED. mansion intended
for the president
 “Listen, you've got to come
take a look at my new set
SYNECDOCHE of wheels.” (One refers to a
vehicle in terms of some of
– A its parts, "wheels“.)
PART • The word "sails" is often used
STANDS to refer to a whole ship.
FOR THE • The phrase "hired hands" can
WHOLE be used to refer to workers.
OR • The word "head" can refer to
THE WHOLE counting cattle or people.
FOR • Lend me an ear.
A
PART: He asked for her hand.
 OXYMORON:
IT IS THE COMBINATION OF CONTRADICTORY
OR INCONGRUOUS WORDS SUCH AS CRUEL
KINDNESS;

Example:
Clearly
“bitter Dark
confused.
sweet” light.

Act Deafening
Bittersweet.
naturally. silence.

Alone Amazingly Definitely

together. awful. maybe.
 PARADOX:
Example:
A STATEMENT OR • "This is the
PROPOSITION THAT,
DESPITE SOUND (OR beginning of the
APPARENTLY SOUND)
REASONING FROM
end,"
ACCEPTA
BLE
• Save money by
PREMISES, LEADS spending it.
TO A CONCLUSION
THAT SEEMS • If I know one thing, it's
SENSELESS, that I know nothing.
LOGICALLY
UNACCEPTABLE,
OR
SELF-
CONTRADICTORY
• The use of words to
convey the opposite of
their literal meaning is the IRONY
highlight of irony. I:T IS A
Examples: STATEMENT OR
• A fire station burns down. ... SITUATION
WHERE THE
• A marriage counselor files for
MEANING IS
divorce. ... CONTRADICTED
• The police station gets BY THE
robbed. ... APPEARANCE
• A water refilling station owner OR SHOWING
died of thirst THE CONCEPT.
• A pilot has a fear of heights.
 PUN: • Example: I renamed
-A JOKE my playlist of The
THAT MAKES A Titanic, so when I plug
PLAY ON WORDS.
A PUN MAKES USE it in, it says “The
OF WORDS THAT Titanic is syncing.”
HAVE MORE THAN • She had a photographic
ONE MEANING, OR
WORDS THAT memory but never
SOUND SIMILAR developed it.
BUT HAVE
DIFFERENT • The two pianists had a
MEANINGS, TO good marriage. They
HUMOROUS always were in a chord.
EFFECT.
• Always trust a glue
salesman. They tend to
stick to their word.
 • Peter Piper picked a
peck of pickled
peppers. A peck of
pickled peppers Peter
LET Piper picked. If Peter
US Piper picked a peck
of pickled peppers,
REA Where's the peck of
D pickled peppers Peter
Piper picked?
 • Betty Botter
bought some
butter,
• But, she said, the
LET US butter’s
bitter;
READ
• If I put it in my
batter
• It will make my
batter bitter.
• But, a bit of better
butter
INTRODUCTION
TO SOUND
DEVICES
 The
initial

To the lay-person, these are called

“tongue- twisters”.
Example: How much dew would a
dewdrop drop
if a dewdrop did drop dew?
 ALLITERATION
involves the repetition of initial
consonant sounds in a sequence
of words.

Examples:
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled
peppers.
Sally sells seashells by the
seashore.
Example: hat, cat, brat, fat,
mat,
sa
t My Beard
by Shel Silverstein
My beard grows to my toes,
I never wears no clothes,
I wraps my hair
Around my bare,
And down the road I goes.
• Words sound alike LAMP
because they share the STAMP
same ending vowel
and consonant sounds.
Share the short “a”
vowel
sound
• (A word always
Share the combined
rhymes
“mp” consonant sound
with itself.)
 Wor
so

Examples: growl, hiss, pop, boom, crack,

ptthhhbbb.
Let’s see what
Noise Day
this looks like in
by Shel Silverstein
a poem we are Let’s have one day for girls and boyses
not so familiar When you can make the grandest
with yet. noises. Screech, scream, holler, and yell
Onomatopoeia –
Buzz a buzzer, clang a bell,
Sneeze – hiccup – whistle –
shout, Laugh until your lungs
Several other words
not highlighted could wear out, Toot a whistle, kick a
also be considered as can,
onomatopoeia. Can
you find any? Bang a spoon against a pan,
Sing, yodel, bellow, hum,
Blow a horn, beat a drum,
 Using the same key word or
phrase throughout a poem.

This should be fairly

self-explanatory,
but . . .
at risk of sounding like
a broken record . . .
 Valued Treasue
by Chris R. Carey
Time to spend; Time will eventually
time to mend. show us the truth.
Time to hate; Time is a mystery;
time to wait. time is a measure.
Time is the essence; Time for us is
time is the key. valued treasure.
Time will tell us Time to spend;
what we will be. time to mend.
Time is the enemy; Time to cry . . .
time is the proof. Time to die.
So, which is the repeated key word or
phrase?
 Valued Treasue
by Chris R. Carey
Time to spend; Tim
e
time to mend.
will
Time to hate; even
tuall
time to wait.
y
Time is the essence; Time for us is
show us the
time is the key. valued treasure.
truth. Time is a
Time will tell us Time to spend;
mystery; time is a
what we will be. time to mend.
measure.
Time is the enemy; Time to cry . . .
time is the proof. Time to die.
Assonance takes place when two or
more words, close to one another repeat
the same vowel sound, but start with
different consonant sounds.
“He gives his harness bells a
shake To ask if there is some
mistake.
The only other sound’s the
sweep Of easy wind and downy
flake.
Robert Frost-Stopping by Woods on
 ASSONANCE

• Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or lines of

poetry.

(Often creates near rhyme.)

Lake Fate Base Fade (All share the

long “a” sound.)
 ASSONANCE
CONT.
Examples of ASSONANCE:
“Slow the low gradual moan came in the
snowing.”
- John
Masefield

“Shall ever
medicine thee
to that sweet
sleep.”
- William
Assonance takes place when two or
more words, close to one another repeat
the same vowel sound, but start with
different consonant sounds.
“He gives his harness bells a
shake To ask if there is some
mistake.
The only other sound’s the
sweep Of easy wind and downy
flake.
Robert Frost-Stopping by Woods on
 CONSONANCE
• Similar to alliteration EXCEPT . . .

• The repeated consonant sounds can be anywhere

in
the words

“silken, sad, uncertain, rustling . . “

Questions: Which of the following
figures of speech are familiar to you?
Which from them is mostly used in
literary pieces? Can you look for some
examples?
 1.She's as busy as a bee."
2."The world is a stage."
3."The pen is mightier than the
sword."
4."I cried a river of tears when he
IDENTIFY THE left."
FIGURE OF 5."The wind whispered through the
SPEECH USED trees."
IN EACH 6."To be or not to be, that is the
NUMBER. question."
7."It was the best of times; it was the
worst of times."
8."The thunder grumbled angrily in
the distance."
9."Less is more."
10."He's as sly as a fox."
 1. Beside the lake,
beneath the trees/
Fluttering and chirping
in the breeze.”on the mat
IDENTIFY THE 2. White waters whisper
SOUND woefully.
DEVICE 3. Intense repentance on
USED broken fences.
IN 4. He give a tip in a slip.
EACH 5. And now that I’m in pain,
NUMB I won’t believe you ever
ER. again’
 ANSWER
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 The Topic was
about

WHAT I
HAVE
LEARNED
TASK 7: “T-
LEARNIN It Matters because
M-
G
L
PHRASE
COMPLETE
THE I’ve Learned today

FOLLOWING that

PH
RASES.