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    Astronomical Geodesy

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    jhely Bool
    This document provides an introduction to astronomical geodesy. It defines astronomy as the scientific study of the universe beyond Earth and geodetic astronomy as determining positions on Earth through astronomical observations. Geodetic astronomy is based on spherical astronomy and is aimed at undergraduate surveying engineers. Reasons for studying geodetic astronomy include understanding celestial and terrestrial coordinate systems, concepts of time for geodesy, tidal studies, inertial survey systems, astronomic coordinates of terrain points, azimuth determination, and geoid determination. The document outlines basic definitions related to ellipsoids, geodetic and astronomic latitudes and longitudes, orthometric and geoid heights, and terrain deflections of the vertical.

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    Astronomical Geodesy

    Uploaded by

    jhely Bool
    215 views10 pages
    This document provides an introduction to astronomical geodesy. It defines astronomy as the scientific study of the universe beyond Earth and geodetic astronomy as determining positions on Earth through astronomical observations. Geodetic astronomy is based on spherical astronomy and is aimed at undergraduate surveying engineers. Reasons for studying geodetic astronomy include understanding celestial and terrestrial coordinate systems, concepts of time for geodesy, tidal studies, inertial survey systems, astronomic coordinates of terrain points, azimuth determination, and geoid determination. The document outlines basic definitions related to ellipsoids, geodetic and astronomic latitudes and longitudes, orthometric and geoid heights, and terrain deflections of the vertical.

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    This document provides an introduction to astronomical geodesy. It defines astronomy as the scientific study of the universe beyond Earth and geodetic astronomy as determining positions on Earth through astronomical observations. Geodetic astronomy is based on spherical astronomy and is aimed at undergraduate surveying engineers. Reasons for studying geodetic astronomy include understanding celestial and terrestrial coordinate systems, concepts of time for geodesy, tidal studies, inertial survey systems, astronomic coordinates of terrain points, azimuth determination, and geoid determination. The document outlines basic definitions related to ellipsoids, geodetic and astronomic latitudes and longitudes, orthometric and geoid heights, and terrain deflections of the vertical.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    215 views10 pages

    Astronomical Geodesy

    Uploaded by

    jhely Bool
    This document provides an introduction to astronomical geodesy. It defines astronomy as the scientific study of the universe beyond Earth and geodetic astronomy as determining positions on Earth through astronomical observations. Geodetic astronomy is based on spherical astronomy and is aimed at undergraduate surveying engineers. Reasons for studying geodetic astronomy include understanding celestial and terrestrial coordinate systems, concepts of time for geodesy, tidal studies, inertial survey systems, astronomic coordinates of terrain points, azimuth determination, and geoid determination. The document outlines basic definitions related to ellipsoids, geodetic and astronomic latitudes and longitudes, orthometric and geoid heights, and terrain deflections of the vertical.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Astronomical Geodesy

    Introduction to the field of Astronomy


    • Astronomy is defined as [Morris~ 19751 "The scientific study of the
    universe beyond the earth~ especially the observation, calculation, and
    theoretical interpretation of the positions, dimensions, distribution~
    motion, composition, and evolution of celestial bodies and
    phenomena".
    • Astronomy is the oldest of the natural sciences dating back to ancient
    Chinese and Babylonian civilizations. Prior to 1609, when the
    telescope was invented, the naked eye was used for measurements.
    • Geodetic astronomy, on the other hand, is described as [Mueller, 1969]
    the art and science for determining, by astronomical observations, the
    positions of points on the earth and the azimuths of the geodetic lines
    • connecting such points. When referring to its use in surveying, the
    terms practical or positional astronomy are often used. The
    fundamental concepts and basic principles of "spherical astronomy",
    which is the basis
    • for geodetic astronomy, were developed principally by the Greeks, and
    were well established by the 2nd century A.D. The treatment of
    geodetic astronomy in these notes is aimed at the needs of
    undergraduate surveying engineers. To emphasize the needs, listed
    below are ten reasons for studying this subject matter:
    • (i) a knowledge of celestial coordinate systems, transformations among them, &
    variations in each of them;
    • (ii) celestial coordinate systems define the "link Between satellite and terrestrial
    coordinate systems;
    • (iii) the concepts of time for geodetic purposes are developed;
    • (iv) tidal studies require a knowledge of geodetic astronomy;
    • (v) when dealing with new technologies (e.g. inertial survey systems) an
    understanding of the local astronomic coordinate system is essential;
    • (vi) astronomic coordinates of terrain points, which are expressed in a "natural"
    coordinate system, are important when studying 3-D terrestrial networks;
    • (vii) astronomically determined azimuths provide orientation for terrestrial networks;
    • (viii) the determination of astrogeodetic deflections of the vertical are useful for
    geoid determination, which in turn may be required or the rigorous treatment of
    terrestrial observations such as distances, directions, and angles
    • (ix) geodetic astronomy is useful for the determination of the origin
    and orientation of independent surveys in remote regions;
    • (x) geodetic astronomy is essential for the demarcation of
    astronomically defined boundaries
    • BASIC DEFINITIONS
    • In our daily work as surveyors, we commonly deal with three different
    surfaces when referring to the figure of the earth:

    • the terrain,
    • an ellipsoid, and
    • the geoid
    • Activity:

    1. Research Biaxial Ellipsoid with figure.


    2. “ Geodetic Latitude, Longitude, Ellipsoidal Height with figure.
    3. “ orthometric Height with figure.
    4. “ Astronomic Latitude and Longitude with figure.
    5. “ Geoid Height and Terrain Deflection of the Vertical

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